Tobacco Control A Winnable Battle US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The 50th Anniversary Surgeon Generals Report SGR has added new health consequences of smoking ID: 638665
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Tobacco Control:A Winnable Battle
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and PreventionSlide2
The 50th Anniversary Surgeon General’s Report (SGR) has added new health consequences of smoking
Source: The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General, 2014Slide3
The list grows for health consequences of
secondhand smoke exposureSource: The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General, 2014Slide4
Tobacco use is still the leading preventable cause of disease and death in the U.S.
42.1 million U.S. adults smoke Tobacco causes nearly 1 in 5 deaths in U.S.
>480,000 deaths/year, >1,300/day
For each death, it is estimated that 30 more suffer tobacco-related illnesses
Annual costs: $133 billion in medical expenses plus $156 billion in lost productivity
Many Americans left unprotected, especially service industry workers
24 states still lack comprehensive smoke-free lawsSlide5
Tobacco Deaths Compared to other Causes
Source: World Health OrganizationSlide6
Source: The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General,
2014Tobacco Use and Chronic DiseaseSlide7
Sources:
Adapted from Warner 1985 with permission from Massachusetts Medical Society, ©1985; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 1989; Creek et al. 1994; U.S. Department of Agriculture 2000; U.S. Census Bureau 2013; U.S. Department of the Treasury 2013. *Adults ≥18 years of age as reported annually by the Census Bureau.
Adult Per Capita
Cigarette
Consumption and Major Smoking-and-Health Events—United States,
1900-2013Slide8
Note: Estimates since 1992 include some-day smoking.
Current cigarette smoking among adults ages ≥ 18 years by gender – U.S., 1955 - 2012
Sources: 1955 data from Current Population Survey (CPS); 1965-2012 data from National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
Current Adult Cigarette Smoking by Gender
Let’s accelerate this
declineSlide9
Cigarette Smoking Among Adults aged ≥18, by Race/Ethnicity – United States, 2002-2012
Source:
National
Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2012. Slide10
Current cigarette smoking* among adults aged
≥ 18 years, by state—U.S., 2012
* Persons who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime and currently report smoking every day or some days.
Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS
)Slide11
Heart disease deaths are closely aligned with smoking
Source: Vital Records; National Center for Health Statistics, CDC, 2008 - 2010Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention: Data Trends & Maps Web site. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Atlanta, GA, 2010. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/.Slide12
Adult Smoking in NYC Down Over 30% Since
2002
Source: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Community Health Survey (CHS) 2002-2011. *In 2011, the weighting methodology of the CHS was changed to incorporate Census 2010 data and additional demographic characteristics. Slide13
Long-term impact of a comprehensive approach:
Lung and bronchus cancer incidence rates in CARates are per 100,000 and age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard (19 age groups).
* The annual percent change is significantly different from zero (p<0.05).
Source: Cancer Surveillance Section. Prepared by: California Department of Public Health, California Tobacco Control Program, 1988-2005. 2010.Slide14
MPOWER
Source: WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008 - The MPOWER package.
Slide15
We know what works
Sustained funding of comprehensive programs
Excise tax increases
100% smoke-free policies
Aggressive media campaigns
Cessation services access
Comprehensive advertising restrictionsSlide16
Tobacco Industry is Outspending
Prevention Efforts 18:1
Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids, Federal Trade Commission, 2012 Tax Burden on Tobacco Report, CDC's Best Practices for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs.Slide17
Best Practices
2014http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/stateandcommunity/best_practices/index.htmSlide18
National
Recommended Funding Levels, by Program Component
National
Recommended
Investment
Total
State and Community Interventions
Mass-Reach Health Communication Interventions
Cessation Interventions
Surveillance and Evaluation
Infrastructure,
Administration, and Management
Total
Level
($ millions)
$3,306.3
$1,071.0
$532.0
$1,271.9
$287.7
$143.7
Per Person
$10.53
$3.41
$1.69
$4.05
$0.92
$0.46
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Best Practices for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs — 2014
. Atlanta: U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease
Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2014.Slide19
When tobacco control funding increases, high school smoking decreases
Source: Project ImpacTEEN; University of Illinois at Chicago; State University of New York at Buffalo; Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1993-2009.* Adjusted to 2009 CPI.
† High school students (grades 9-12) who smoked on 1 or more of the 30 days preceding the survey. Slide20
When cigarette prices increase,
cigarette sales decreaseSource: ImpacTeen Chartbook: Cigarette Smoking Prevalence and Policies in the 50 States.Slide21
Increased tobacco excise taxes
increase price10% increase in cigarette prices
4% drop in adult cigarette consumption*Youth much less likely to start smoking when prices are high
Adjust taxes to offset inflation and tobacco industry attempts to control retail prices
E.g., promotional discounts for retailers who reduce cigarette prices
Tobacco taxes are the single most effective component of a comprehensive tobacco control program
*Chaloupka FJ, Straif K, Leon ME. Effectiveness of tax and price policies in tobacco control.
Tobacco Control
2011;20(3):235–8.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the
Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2014
.Slide22
Smoke-free policies save lives
Prevent heart attacks
Up to 17% average reduction in heart attack hospitalizations in places that enact comprehensive smoke-free lawsHelp motivate smokers to quit
Worker safety issue – not “personal nuisance”
All workers deserve equal protection
Only way to protect non-smokers from secondhand smoke
Smoke-free workplace laws don’t hurt business
No trade-off between health and economicsSlide23
State Smoke-Free Air Laws – Effective
June 30,
2014
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System. Available at:
http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/statesystem/Default/Default.aspx
. Washington, DC is included in states. California’s law includes exemptions that preclude it from being considered smoke-free.Slide24
Source: CDC STATE
System
Comprehensive Smoke-Free Laws
United States
2000-2014
How far we have comeSlide25
Aggressive media campaigns work
Media campaigns work to:Reduce youth initiation
Encourage cessation
Increase negative attitudes toward tobacco use
Increase support for policy changeSlide26
The impact of cessation services
Currently: 42.1 million U.S. smokers70% of adult cigarette smokers want to quit
More than 50% try to quit each year, 4 – 6% succeed.
Only 2% call state or national quitlines
Medicaid coverage for cessation varies widely among
states
Tobacco cessation can be achieved through:
Significant tax and price increases
Comprehensive smoke-free policies
Aggressive counter-advertisingSlide27
State and federal policy activities
(2009 – 2013)Excise Tax Increases
25 cigarette tax increases Smoke-Free Policies
26 states and DC have achieved comprehensive status
Federal Legislation
Federal excise tax increase
Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act
Prevent All Cigarette Trafficking (PACT) Act
Affordable Care ActSlide28
This is a Winnable Battle
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
For more information please contact Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333
Telephone, 1-800-CDC-INFO (232-4636)/TTY: 1-888-232-6348
E-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.gov Web: www.cdc.gov
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.