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How Do Bacteria Make You Sick How Do Bacteria Make You Sick

How Do Bacteria Make You Sick - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2020-06-13

How Do Bacteria Make You Sick - PPT Presentation

Science Starter Think of a time when you got really sick What did you have What did the doctor give you as medicine 1 What things can make you sick A pathogen is a bacteria virus or other microorganism that can cause disease ID: 776913

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Slide1

How Do Bacteria Make You Sick

Slide2

Science Starter:

Think of a time when you got really sick. What did you have? What did the doctor give you as medicine?

Slide3

1. What things can make you sick?

A

pathogen

is a bacteria, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.

Our focus will be on bacteria and viruses.

They look similar, but are actually very different. Drugs that work for one will not work for the other.

Staphylococcus bacteria

Influenza virus

Slide4

Video: Frontline: Hunting the Nightmare Bacteria ~13 minutes

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/film/hunting-the-nightmare-bacteria/

Answer the questions as you watch the video

1. What was Addie’s first symptom?

2. How did she get the staph infection?

3. What is ECMO?

4. What are the risks of ECMO?

5. Why are gram negative bacteria hard to treat?

6. What is “panresistant” ?

7. Why couldn’t they perform a lung transplant?

*Pause movie here*

*** Write two questions you still have about this case.

Slide5

3. How does a person get a bacterial infection?

Bacteria can enter the body through:

-

cut

in the skin

- eating contaminated

food

- drinking contaminated

water

- sexual transmission

- through the

air

- bites from animalsRash caused by syphilis infection.

Slide6

4. Food-Borne Illnesses

-infections of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract caused by contaminated food

-Common symptoms of foodborne illnesses include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and chills.

Food Safety Rules

1. Cook food thoroughly

2. Clean area / wash hands

3. Refrigerate promptly

4. Don’t cross contaminate

Slide7

5. Food Poisoning vs “Stomach Flu”

The “stomach flu” is caused by a

virus.

Also known as viral gastroenteritis, the

usage of the word “flu” to describe the illness is somewhat misleading.

Viruses that cause upset stomach, diarrhea, and vomiting:

rotovirus

adenovirus

norovirus

Influenza or “the flu” is a respiratory virus, vomiting is not its main symptom.

Food poisoning develops after consuming food that has been contaminated with

bacteria

.Symptoms can occur suddenly (hours)

Slide8

6. Animal Vectors that spread disease

The Black Plague

was caused by bacteria from the bites of fleas.

Lyme disease

is transmitted by ticks

Typhus

is transmitted by fleas and body lice

Rabies

transmitted in saliva from dogs, bats, and other mammals

Slide9

Lyme Disease Rash

Slide10

Typhus Rash

Slide11

7. Bacteria on surfaces

Bacteria are single celled

prokaryotes

that live all around us.

Most do not cause

infections.

The

skin is the first defense against dangerous bacteria, but some can get in through cuts.

Do you think some surfaces have more bacteria than others? List 4 places that you think might have the most bacteria.

Fun fact: the skin is the largest organ of the body.

Slide12

8. Growing Bacteria

Bacteria live on surfaces, but can grow into

colonies

if given the right environment and nutrients.

Bacteria divide by

binary fission

.

Bacteria can be grown in petri dishes on nutrient agar

.

Surfaces can be swabbed to test for the presence of bacteria.

Slide13

9. Defenses Against Bacteria

The first line of defense is the

skin

The nose has

mucus

to trap particles

Mouth and stomach have digestive

enzymes

Eyes have

tearsFriendly

bacteria

Fun fact: Snot is just a build up of mucus as the body attempts to flush out harmful bacteria or toxins.

Slide14

10. The Anatomy of a Splinter

When a splinter pierces the skin the

immune system

responds.

Mast cells release

histamines

which causes swelling.

Slide15

11. White Blood Cells Destroy Bacteria

White blood cells are

macrophages

, the word means “big eater.” They leave the blood and enter the wound site where they eat bacteria.

They can become so large that they die.die

Pus

is just dead white blood cells.

Slide16

12. Antibiotics

If your immune system cannot control the spread of bacteria, doctors may prescribe antibiotics.

Antibiotics were discovered by Alexander Fleming, who notices that mold growing in a petri dish stopped the bacteria from growing.

This mold was penicillin!

Slide17

13. Mass Production of Penicillin

It wasn’t until 1940 that penicillin was mass produced

It was used during

WWII

to save wounded soldiers

We were finally able to cure infectious diseases like syphilis and

gonorrhea

.

Scientists declared the end to all infectious diseases. Were they right?

Take the Health Practices Survey → biol.co/heprac

Slide18

14. How Bacteria Evolve

Evolution

occurs when organisms with favorable traits

survive

and produce more

offspring

.Bacteria have variations in their

genes which result in variations in their cell walls and capsules.

Some bacteria are naturally resistant to antibiotics.

Slide19

15. Finish Your Antibiotics

Bacteria, a few are resistant.

Antibiotics kill most of the bacteria.

Resistant bacteria survive and reproduce.

Antibiotics are not as effective.

Slide20

16. Post-Antibiotic Era

Consider Addie’s Story

What are the consequences of resistant bacteria?

How can this problem be solved?

Slide21

Should you be worried?