PPT-CHAPTER 4 Evolution and Biodiversity

History of Evolution The evolution of life is linked to the physical and chemical evolution of the earth Life on earth evolved in two phases over the past 47 48 billion years Chemical evolution 1 billion years of the organic molecules and systems of chemical reactions needed to form the first protocells. The complexity and rich diversity of life found in forests provides many vital services to human beings Nonetheless humans are destroying forest biodiversity at an alarming rate The conversion of forests to agricultural land overgrazing unsustainabl Marine and coastal habitats include coral reefs mangrove forests sea grass beds estuaries hydrothermal vents seamounts and soft sediments on the ocean 64258oor deep below the surface More than just a valuable source of food the ocean is one of the l Achievements and challenges . . Dr. Amani . Alassaf. . Environment and natural resources Economist. University of Jordan. amani.alassaf@ju.edu.jo. Reflecting Biodiversity – Holistic approaches and regional adaptation . Objectives:. Define the terms . extinction. , . extirpation. and . mass extinction. .. Contrast background extinction rates and periods of mass extinction.. Evaluate the primary causes of biodiversity loss.. Current Status. Conservation Efforts. Challenges of Managing the Sector. Institutions Managing Forests and Biodiversity in Tamil Nadu. Key Policies and Programs. Impact of Climate Change on Forests and Biodiversity. Abstract. Question. Salinity kit. Soil testing kits. pH test (water and soil). Thermometer. Materials. Data. Conclusions. Our hypothesis was that if there is a change from freshwater to saltwater, then the tidal plant species in each area will differ. The data collected from our experiment helped support our hypothesis. In our findings we saw that in the freshwater location, there was a greater amount of biodiversity and the plants were generally larger. On the other hand, we saw that in the saltwater location, the banks had less biodiversity and consisted with only Phragmites. One explanation for this is for the fact that the abundance of freshwater in the freshwater location allowed for a large variety of large plants to live in this area. However, only a thin layer of freshwater on the surface of the water was present at the saltwater location, which minimized the diversity of plant life that could live in this area. This minimized the competition in this area, allowing it to be overrun by Phragmites plants. . Ari-Pekka . Auvinen. Finnish Environment Institute. 2016 . Eionet. . Workshop. | . NRCs . Biodiversity, Ecosystems, Indicators and Assessments . 30 June . - . 1 July 2016, . E. uropean. Environment . It is the variety of all the different living things and their homes on the planet. . BIO. . DIVERSITY. Bio= biological organisms . -living things!. diversity= the amount of variation. Case Study: Protecting Whales: A Success Story… So Far (1) . Cetaceans: Toothed whales and baleen whales. 8 of 11 major species hunted to commercial extinction by 1975. 1946: International Whaling Commission (IWC). Saving the Siberian Tiger. Siberian tigers are one of five remaining tiger subspecies.. In the early 20th century, hunting and habitat loss reduced the wild population to just 20–30 animals.. Conservation efforts have helped the wild population rebound to 450–500 today.. By. Isma’eel Umar Yunus. BPharm., RPh.. African . League Of Young Masters (ALYM. ) Weekly meeting.. 16th March, 2013.. . Outline. T. he meaning of Biodiversity.. The scope of Biodiversity.. The benefits of Biodiversity.. Match the following to the correct description. One Teacher. species. population. community. ecosyste. m. All Teachers. Teachers and Students. George West. Look through the vocabulary cards on your desk.. Extinction . When an organism is classed as extinct there are no living members of that species left. Extinction is a natural process where organisms that are less suited to an environment die out. Throughout the history of earth there have been several mass extinction events . Presented by. Dr.Anubha. Gupta. Faculty , S.S. in Commerce . Vikram. University. Useful for BBA(H)/B.COM(H)/M.COM and allied subject. Biodiversity. The term biodiversity was coined as a contraction of biological diversity by E.O. Wilson in 1985. .