Desmond Zheng Patrick Flaherty A Future with Perovskite Usage of fossil fuels is going to decline around the globe in the near future New perovskite solar cell technology possesses staggering efficiency and affordable cost ID: 535207
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METAL OXIDES: PAVING THE WAY TO PEROVSKITE CELLS
Desmond Zheng Patrick FlahertySlide2
A Future with Perovskite
Usage of fossil fuels is going to decline around the globe in the near futureNew, perovskite solar cell technology possesses staggering efficiency and affordable cost
Composed of organic-metal halide compound
Arranged in crystal structure of ABX3
Cell rapidly degrades when exposed to moistureSlide3
Cubic Perovskite
Structure– Cation A is CH3
NH
3
–
Cation B is Lead (Pb)– Anion X is a halogen, usually Iodine (I)Slide4
Perils of Perovskite
Perovskite degrades when exposed to moistureUnder these conditions, perovskite solar cell technology would be extremely limited in terms of where it could be used geographically
A possible solution to this problem is the use of metal oxidesSlide5
Meddling with Metals
Certain metal oxides can be applied to perovskite cells to help with the moisture degradation issueMetal oxides such as Titanium Oxide and Zinc Oxide are currently undergoing testing in research labs
Researchers must be sure to pick a metal oxide that is both efficient and sustainableSlide6
How will this Coating be Implemented?
Spin coatingDeposits the oxide with an acidic solution of titanium
isopropoxide
in ethanol
Needs to be heated to 500ºC
Chemical bath deposition (CBD)Perovskite laid on metal oxide, and then treated with chemical bath for the metal oxide coating to be appliedOnly needs to be heated to 150ºCSlide7Slide8
Limitations of Perovskite
Mass production of metal oxide-coated solar cellsExpensive and difficult
A new form of manufacturing would need to be developed
Massive amounts of perovskite would need to not be exposed to air in the facility, and then the metal oxide coating would need to be appliedSlide9
Approaching the Apex
Peroskite cells will allow science to the apex of solar cell technology as we know it
Silicon solar cells have not improved efficiency from 25% in the past twenty years
Pervoskite
solar cells achieved 20% efficiency in three years, where it took silicon cells ten years to do that.Slide10
Power-Per-Weight
(Watts per gram)Slide11
Efficiency Levels
(data from NREL)
Perovskite Cells
Silicon CellsSlide12
Perovskite's Potential
Manufactured into a transparent cellThis would change the way we power our cities
Unlike fossil fuel-generated power sources, perovskite solar cells do not generate harmful carbon emissions
If perovskite continues to increase efficiency at such a fast pace, it could lead to green, self-sustaining citiesSlide13
Impact on the Future and Society
Perovskite could potentially be the cheapest solar cell ever madeCan be made at a lower temperature than silicon cells
Would cause less energy to be used in manufacturing, and more money saved
Primary material used in perovskite is a lead based compound
Could pose environmental threats, due to lead being toxic
Lead may one day be able to be replaced by tin in the cellsPerovskite is ultra-light and flexible, possessing the potential to be implemented on screens, drones, and other devicesSlide14
Flexible Cell
Undergoing stress
Glider
Powered by perovskiteSlide15
The Outlook
Perovskite solar cells have a high potential to change the energy marketHigh versatility and solar efficiency allow for seemingly limitless applications
Metal oxide coatings, once perfected, will allow this technology to become a sustainable and affordable source of energy on the market
Increasing rates of solar efficiency through research show that perovskite cells will be the dominant form of solar energySlide16
Questions