Science of candles Brennan

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Science of candles Brennan Armknecht , Tre Bartony , Justin Higgins, Claudia White

History and usage of candles Wicked candles are seen as early as 3000 BCE in Ancient Egypt as well as Ancient Rome, which was credited with the invention of the wicked candle Candles were most often used as a source of light Candles offered a sufficient light source when exploring places lacking in natural light, such as caverns and caves Colonial Women offered the first major contribution to candle-making in the U.S when they discovered that boiling berries made a sweet-smelling wax that burned cleanly The growth of the whaling industry in the late 18 th Century assisted the Candle industry greatly because of the readily available quantities of oil The oil had no odor when burned and offered a significantly better light This improvement to the candle-making process created a sustainable light source which enabled many other technological improvements that would soon come to follow Now, the modern use of candles is fond primarily in religion, décor, parties, and other special occasions

Candle Science – How it Works When the candle burns, it utilizes the hydrocarbons that were stored in the wax, and a chemical reaction occurs. Water vapor and carbon dioxide are produced in the reaction, which creates the light and heat. On the smaller scale, the Water vapor and carbon dioxide are in an excited state due to the heat, or increase in kinetic energy, created in the reaction, so as they come back to the ground state, the electrons in the molecules emit light as they are returning to the ground state.

Light Spectrum of Candles Often times the color of the flame is dependent of the temperature As the flame increases in temperature, it emits light in shorter wavelengths Red: 525-1000 C Orange: 1100-1200 White: 1300-1400 Light Blue: 1500

Bibliography "Candle Science - National Candle Association."  National Candle Association . N.p ., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2016."The Evolution of the Modern Day Candle. Timeline." Timetoast. N.p ., 13 Jan. 2012. Web. 14 Nov. 2016. "Excited State in Chemistry: Definition & Overview - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com." Study.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2016."History - National Candle Association." National Candle Association. Kellan Communications, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2016. Maggio, Maggie. “Fire II: Color and Temperature - Maggie Maggio.” Maggie Maggio, 26 Aug. 2011, maggiemaggio.com/color/2011/08/fire-ii-color-and-temperature/. Netting, Ruth. “Visible Light.” NASA, NASA, 13 Aug. 2014, missionscience.nasa.gov/ems/09_visiblelight.html.

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