What do these abiotic - PowerPoint Presentation

What do these abiotic factors have in common? What is different about them?

Three out of the four sources of water (lake, river , ocean) include both biotic and abiotic factors; therefore, they are considered communities or ecosystems . The glacier is just an abiotic factor because it does not contain any biotic organisms (at least that we know about ).

Over the next few days, we will learn about the characteristics of aquatic ( water) communities that contain both biotic and abiotic factors .

Essential Question:What are the characteristics of the Earth’s major aquatic communities?

Standard:S7L4e. Describe the characteristics of Earth’s major terrestrial biomes and aquatic communities (i.e. freshwater, estuaries, and marine)

What does aquatic mean? Aquatic means water.

Nearly 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water. The biotic and abiotic factors in these ecosystems make up aquatic communities.

Aquatic communities are influenced by:Amount of light present Amount of oxygen presentAmount of nutrients availableSalinity (salt) level of the water

There are three types of Aquatic communities we will discuss: Marine Freshwater Wetland

Marine

Use your Marine Chart to take notes

MarineMarine ecosystems exist in salt water There are four general marine zones: intertidal, neritic, oceanic, and benthic

Marine – Intertidal Zone

Marine – Intertidal ZoneCharacteristics Area of shore between low and high tideOrganisms must be able to survive the changing tides and the pounding wavesSometimes under water, sometimes exposed to air and sunlight Most biologically active due to high level of light and nutrients

Marine – Intertidal ZoneBiotic Life Crab Clam Oyster They burrow in the sand or retreat to shells during low tides

Marine – Intertidal ZoneBiotic Life Snail Sea Star They cling to rocks and other surfaces Sea Urchin

Marine – Neritic Zone

Marine – Neritic ZoneCharacteristics Located above the continental shelfWater is shallow enough that light can penetrate it, which makes photosynthesis possible

Marine – Neritic ZoneBiotic Life Collection of small or microscopic organisms, including algae and protozoans, that float in great numbers in fresh or salt water, especially at or near the surface, and serve as food for fish and other larger organisms Plankton

Marine – Neritic Zone Biotic Life Sea Turtle Squid Dolphins

Marine – Oceanic Zone

Marine – Oceanic ZoneCharacteristics Open ocean and the largest marine zoneMakes up most of the world’s oceans Sunlight can only pass through about 200 metersMost of the photosynthesis occurs in this zone because of the huge areaWhere sunlight does not reach, it becomes dark and cold with increased pressure

Marine Oceanic Zone: Biotic Life Fishes, mammals, and animals without backbones live here. Some fish have no eyes or have developed luminescent organs Sword Fish Tuna Whale

Marine – Benthic Zone

Marine – Benthic ZoneCharacteristics Ocean floorExtends horizontally from the Neritic zone through the Oceanic zoneHydrothermal vents found in deep areas Coral reefs are commonly found in the warm, shallow waters of benthic areas

Marine – Benthic ZoneBiotic Life Hagfish Tubeworm Clam

Zones of the Marine

Turn to an elbow partner and compare the four zones of the marine biome.

Label your diagram

Fresh Water Only 3% of all the water on the Earth’s surface is fresh water

Fresh WaterCharacteristicsLow salt content (salinity) Found in most placesFound in areas with differing temperaturesSupports a variety of animal and plant lifeImportant in recycling the Earth’s water supply through the water cycle

Fresh Water Lake Pond

Fresh Water – Lakes & PondsCharacteristics Bodies of fresh water that flow slowly or not at allLakes are deeper and larger than pondsPonds are shallow enough to allow sunlight to reach the bottom; therefore, plants can grow

Fresh Water – Lakes & PondsBiotic Life Algae Bass Frog Catfish Turtle

Fresh Water River Stream Creek

Fresh Water – Rivers & StreamsCharacteristics Water that flowsRivers begin as cold streams in the mountains or hills that flow rapidlyFarther down the mountain, water slows down and forms twists and turnsSmall streams join together to form large riversPlants and animals must be able to survive the flowing currents

Fresh Water – Rivers & StreamsBiotic Life Where the water slows down you can find beavers and otters Trout and other fish have sleek bodies that help them move with the current; others have “suckers” they use to latch on to rocks

Turn to an elbow partner and compare and contrast lake/pond and river/stream. Include characteristics and adaptations.

Wetlands

WetlandsAn ecosystem where water either covers the soil or is near the soil’s surface for all or part of the year Includes marshes, swamps, and estuariesMay be fresh water or salt waterWater may flow or stand stillImportant because it provides breeding grounds for organismsPlant life adapted to live in water

Wetland - Estuary

Wetland - Estuary

Wetland – EstuaryCharacteristics Wetland which forms at the mouth of a river where fresh water mixes with salt water from an ocean or bayGreat diversity of plants and animalsDense (thick) plants protect organisms from waves and hide them from predatorsTides circulate nutrients

Wetlands – EstuaryBiotic Life Examples of organisms that begin their lives in an estuary . Shrimp Mullet

Wetlands – EstuaryBiotic Life Scallop Osprey Heron

Wetlands – Marshes & Swamps

Wetlands – Marshes & SwampsCharacteristics Areas where water is more or less permanently at the surfaceAbundance of plant and animal life because nutrients are plentifulMarsh consists of soft stemmed vegetationSwamp is mainly woody plants or shrubs

Wetlands – MarshBiotic Life Blackbird Butterfly Otter Duck Blue Heron Turtle

Wetlands – SwampBiotic Life Crocodile Bald Eagle Frog Egret Dragonfly Shrimp

Label your diagram Stream Lake River Estuary Ocean

Study Jams: Aquatic Ecosystems