Stephen Hawking The Birth of Stars YouTube Life Cycle of Stars Nebula large cloud of gas and dust spread out in an immense volume Life Cycle of Stars Gravity pulls gas and dust together in the densest part of the nebula ID: 783186
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Slide1
Lives of Stars
Section 21.3
Slide2Stephen Hawking - The Birth of Stars - YouTube
Slide3Life Cycle of Stars
Nebula – large cloud of gas and dust spread out in an immense volume
Slide4Life Cycle of Stars
Gravity pulls gas and dust together in the densest part of the nebula
When there
is enough mass
for a star to form
it is called a
Protostar
Slide5Life Cycle of Stars
When the contracting gas and dust from a nebula becomes so dense and hot that nuclear fusion starts, a star is born.
Dust Cloud Theory
Slide6Life Cycle of Stars
How long a star lives depends on its mass
-Stars with less mass live longer
- Stars with more mass live shorter
Small mass stars use up their fuel more slowly than larger mass stars
Small stars – 200 billion years
Medium stars – 10 billion years
Larger stars – 10+ millions years
Slide7Life Cycle of Stars
When a star begins to run out of fuel, its core shrinks and its outer portion expands
Depending on its size, the star becomes a red giant or a supergiant
After the fuel runs out it becomes a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole
Slide8Life Cycle of Stars
Slide9Life Cycle of Stars
Slide10Death of Stars
When the fuel begins to run out of medium and low mass stars, their outer layers expand to become a red giant.
The outer layer then expands out in to space (planetary nebula) and the blue-white core cools (White Dwarf)
Slide11Death of Stars
The core is very dense. A spoonful of material would weigh as much as a truck
It would cool to become a black dwarf
White dwarf
Black Dwarf
Slide12Death of Stars
Supernovas
High mass stars evolve quickly into supergiants
The supergiant can explode suddenly when it runs out of fuel
Slide13Death of Stars
The outer portion can form partly recycled stars
We are made of recycled stars
The inner portion can
become other kinds
of stars
Supernova
Slide14Death of Stars
Neutron star
The remains of a high mass star, smaller and denser than white dwarfs
Spinning neutron stars (pulsars) give off pulses of radio waves
Slide15Death of Stars
Black Hole
Form from the most massive stars when they die
Gravity is so strong, light (or any kind of radiation) can not escape
Black hole
Slide16Videos
Black Holes, Neutron Stars, White Dwarfs, Space and Time
Slide17Star Systems and Galaxies
Binary
stars- two stars
Slide18Star Systems and Galaxies
Eclipsing
Stars- one star blocks another
Slide19Star Systems and Galaxies
Open
Cluster- Loose, disorganized
Slide20Star Systems and Galaxies
Globular
Cluster- round, densely packed
Slide21Star Systems and Galaxies
Galaxy- stars, star systems, star clusters,
dust and gas bound by gravity
Slide22Star Systems and Galaxies
Spiral
Galaxy – bulge with spiral arms
Slide23Star Systems and Galaxies
Elliptical
Galaxy – round or elliptical
Slide24Star Systems and Galaxies
Irregular
Galaxy – no regular shape
Slide25Star Systems and Galaxies
Quasar – an enormous, distant,bright
galaxy with a black hole at its center
Slide26Star Systems and Galaxies
Milky Way (our galaxy)
Slide27Star Systems and Galaxies
Big Bang – the initial explosion that resulted in the formation of the universe
Hubble’s law – the farther away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving away from us
Slide28Star Systems and Galaxies
Slide29Star Systems and Galaxies
Slide30Star Systems and Galaxies