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Chapter 13 section 2 Invaders Attack Western Europe Chapter 13 section 2 Invaders Attack Western Europe

Chapter 13 section 2 Invaders Attack Western Europe - PowerPoint Presentation

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Chapter 13 section 2 Invaders Attack Western Europe - PPT Presentation

Vikings Invade from the North Sailed from Scandinavia Known as Northmen or Norsemen Carried out their raids with swords and heavy wood shields Largest Viking ships carried 300 men Growing Food Supply ID: 719037

crusades crusade land jerusalem crusade crusades jerusalem land plague europe attack muslims social food feudalism crusaders pope south people

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Slide1

Chapter 13 section 2Slide2

Invaders Attack Western Europe

Vikings Invade from the North

Sailed from Scandinavia

Known as Northmen or NorsemenCarried out their raids with swords and heavy wood shields Largest Viking ships carried 300 menSlide3

Growing Food Supply

Expanding civilization = need for more food

Switch to horse powerHorses required better food but could do three times the workThey began to use better harnesses that fit around the horses chestSlide4

Invaders Attack Western Europe

Vikings Invade from the North (continued)

Acted as warriors, traders, farmers and explorers

Leif EricsonViking explorer who reached North America 500 years before Columbus Vikings began accepting Christianity Slide5

Invaders Attack Western Europe

Magyars and Muslims Attack from the East and South

Muslims

Struck from the south Originally wanted to settle Europe, later decided to plunder (rob people) as well As a result of Magyar and Muslim attacks people began to look for protection from local rulers Slide6

Invaders Attack Western Europe

Magyars and Muslims Attack from the East and South

Magyars

Nomadic people from Hungary Invaded from the east on horseback around 800Attacked villages and monasteries Took captives as slaves Slide7

A New Social Order: Feudalism

Feudal System

-A system of governing landholding based on rights and obligation

Lord-Land OwnerFief-Land grant in exchange for military protection Vassal-

Person receiving the fief Slide8

A New Social Order: Feudalism

The Feudal Pyramid-Slide9

A New Social Order: Feudalism

Social Classes-

Three Groups

Those who fought (knights, nobles)Those who prayed (Priests, Nuns ect.)Those who worked (peasants)

Serfs-

People who could not lawfully leave where they were born Slide10

Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism

Manor-

The Lords Estate

Lord would provide serfs with land and protection Serfs would work the land and maintain the estate Owed 2-3 days of work and a portion of their grain Slide11

Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism

Peasants on the manor-

Rarely traveled more than 25 miles from the manor

15-30 families lived on the manor Produced crops, milk, cheese, fuel, cloth, leather goods and lumberPurchased salt, iron and millstones (used for grinding grain)Tithe-

Church tax (10% of income)

Also paid grain and marriage taxSlide12

Section 1-Church Reform and the CrusadesSlide13

The Crusades

Crusade-

“Holy War” to gain control of the Holy Land (Jerusalem)

Issued by Pope Urban IIGoals of the Crusades-

Religious, social, economic and political goals

Regain Palestine, Jerusalem and reunite Christendom

Others were looking for land of their ownSlide14

The Crusades

1

st

and 2nd Crusade-1

st

Crusade-

12,000 men approached Jerusalem

1099-Crusaders capture the city

2

nd

Crusade-

Organized to recapture Edessa

1187-Jerusalem fell to the Kurdish warrior Saladin

Pope said “those who dies on crusade, have a place in heaven”

Crusaders wore a red cross on their tunic and shouted “God wills it!”Slide15

The Crusades

1

st

and 2nd Crusade-1

st

Crusade-

12,000 men approached Jerusalem

1099-Crusaders capture the city

2

nd

Crusade-

Organized to recapture Edessa

1187-Jerusalem fell to the Kurdish warrior Saladin

Pope said “those who dies on crusade, have a place in heaven”

Crusaders wore a red cross on their tunic and shouted “God wills it!”Slide16
Slide17

The Crusades

3

rd

Crusade-Organized to recapture JerusalemLed by three of Europe’s most powerful monarchsPhilip II, Fredrick I, Richard the Lion-Hearted

Philip went home, Fredrick drowned on the journey, so Richard was left alone

1192-Richard and Saladin agreed to a truce

Muslims kept the holy city

Christian pilgrims could enter freelySlide18

The Crusading Sprit Dwindles

The Children’s Crusade

1212-Thousands of children set out to overtake Jerusalem

Led by Stephen of Cloyes (12 Years old)

30,000 kids under 18 joined

Believed God would give them Jerusalem

Many died on the way, drowned or were sold into slaverySlide19

The Crusading Sprit Dwindles

Spanish Crusades-

Reconquista-

Long fought effort to get the Moors (Muslims) out of Spain1492-Granada fell to the Christian army

Inquisition-

Christian court used to suppress heresy

Heretics- Someone who’s beliefs differed from the Church

Suspects many be questioned for weeks or tortured

Once they confessed they were often burned at the stakeSlide20

The Effects of the Crusades

Effects of the Crusades-

Thousands left their homes and fought for the church

Women managed affairs opened shops and innsTrade expanded between Europe and South West AsiaSpices, fruit, cloth

Failure of later Crusades weakened the power of the pope

Muslims and Christians hated each other, Jews were persecutedSlide21

Growing Food Supply

The Three-Field System-

You divide your land into three parts

Farm two parts and let one rest for a yearCould now grow on 2/3 of the land instead of just ½As food production increased population increasedSlide22

Section 2-Changes in Medieval SocietySlide23

Commercial Revolution

Fairs and Trades-

Merchants traded cloth, bacon, salt, honey, cheese, wine, leather, knivesThings no longer limited to what was produced on the manorForeign goods now availableSlide24

Section 4-

The Hundred Years’ War and the Plague

Slide25

The Bubonic Plague Strikes

The Bubonic Plague-

A deadly epidemic that killed about 1/3rd of Europe

Origins and Impact of the Plague-Began in Asia and received its name the Black Death from the purplish black bumps on the skinTook four years to cross EuropeMillions who caught it diedSlide26

The Bubonic Plague Strikes

Effects of the Plague-

Population declined

Trade declinedSerfs left to find a better livingJews were blamed for the plagueChurch lost prestige when their prayers failed to stop the plague