Moses Austin Paves the Way 1 1821 Moses Austin began the Anglo American colonization of Texas 2 He knew Spanish laws 3 He lost his lead business in the depression of 1819 4 1820 He travelled to Texas to get a contract to bring 300 American families to Texas Needed permission fro ID: 276518
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Chapter 7 Section 1 Notes: Austin Establishes a ColonySlide2
Moses Austin Paves the Way
1. 1821: Moses Austin began the Anglo American colonization of Texas.
2. He knew Spanish laws.
3. He lost his lead business in the depression of 1819.
4. 1820: He travelled to Texas to get a contract to bring 300 American families to Texas. Needed permission from Antonio Martinez, Governor of Texas.
5. Martinez
f
irst said no, then he approved Austin’s plan because Baron de Bastrop vouched for Austin.
6. While dying of pneumonia, he requested his son Stephen carry out his plans.Slide3
Stephen F. Austin Continues His Father’s work
Stephen F. Austin left New Orleans where he was studying law to come to Texas to help his father.
At 27, SFA had been to college, served as a judge and a legislator. He had strength of character to carry out his father’s work.
3. Governor Martinez allowed him to take over the colonization when his father died.Slide4
Austin Sets Colony Boundaries.
1
. He chose the region between the Colorado and the Brazos rivers which had fertile soil, abundant water, natural resources, a mild climate and other settlements.
2. Austin also requested a port for landing for settlers and supplies.Slide5
Advertising for Colonists
Austin advertised for settlers in newspapers read in the southern states.
Ads gave the rules:
“No drunkard, no gambler, no profane swearer, no idler”
Every man would receive:
640 acres for himself
320 acres for his wife
160 acres for each child
80 acres for each slave
Persons with useful skills other than farming and ranching received more. Slide6
Settlers paid Austin
12.5 cents an acre
and Austin
surveyed
(measured off the land) and provided documents giving ownership or
title
to the land.
The 12.5 cents per acres covered these costs.Slide7
Other requirements for settlers:
Good moral character
Become Roman Catholic
Become Mexican Citizens
Be willing to work hard!Slide8
Good Land and Low Prices Attract Settlers
Austin brought his first settlers to Texas on the ship, the
Lively
Andrew Robinson set up a
ferry
across the Brazos River.
Most settlers had little.
Jared
Groce
was wealthy and brought 50 wagons and 90 slaves.
1822: The
Lively
wrecked losing colonists and supplies.
1822: Austin learned of Mexico’s independence from Spain and had to travel to Mexico to get new government’s approval of his colonization contract.Slide9
Austin Impresses Mexican Leaders
Austin left for Mexico City travelling 1000 miles and had to stay more than a year.
The Mexican government had many problems.
Austin received a contract in 1823 under the new Mexican law.
Austin won the respect and trust of the Mexican government.Slide10
Problems in the Colony
While Austin was in Mexico, colonies suffered drought and Indian raids.
Settlers whose land had not been surveyed argued about who owned what.
The settlers formed a
militia
for protection from the Indians
.
This militia became
the Texas Rangers.Slide11
The Old 300
Austin completed his contract and settled 300 families by 1825.
These families are known as the Old 300.
Jane Long was among these settlers.
Many Texans trace their lineage to these settlers.Slide12
Austin Colony’s Capital
San Felipe de Austin was the capital located where the Brazos crossed the Old San Antonio Road.
Austin and about 200 settlers lived there in
dog trot
homes.Slide13
Section 2: The Colonies Grow
Emperor
Augustin
Iturbide was overthrown in 1823.
Those that formed the new government were called
Federalists
.
Federalists believed in sharing power between the states and federal government. (Like the United States.)
The opposition were called
Centralists
.Slide14
Centralists
believed power should be concentrated in the national or central government.
1824: Federalist Constitution was written.
Mexico made Texas part of the state of Coahuila and named it
Coahuila y
Tejas
.
The state’s capital was
Saltillo
.
Baron de Bastrop
was the one representative from Texas.Slide15
Colonization Laws changed.
1824: States could create their own colonization laws.
48,708 acres of land: maximum per family
Only settlers intending to live permanently could receive land contracts.Slide16
Stephen F. Austin: Most Successful Empresario
He had 4 additional contracts under the Colonization Law of 1825.
Bastrop was the headquarters of his “Little Colony”.
Austin’s Success:
Good at dealing with the Mexicans
Colony had very good land and resources.Slide17
Green DeWitt
Granted the right to settle 400 families west of Austin’s colony.
Gonzales became the headquarters of his colony
.Slide18
Martin de Leon
He was from Mexico.
He and his wife founded the town of Victoria.
They sided with the Texans during the war of independence, but they suffered prejudice after the war.
De Leon was a rancher. Slide19
Population increases
Generous land policies brought many to Texas.
Most were from the southern states.
Irish immigrants settled the towns of Refugio and San Patricio.
Tejanos
lived in
the Department of Bexar.
Slavery was found in Texas, but less than other southern states, because the laws about slavery were uncertain.
Some early African Americans were not slaves, but free.Slide20
Women as colonists
Much of what we know comes from the writings of Mary Austin Holley, Stephen F. Austin’s cousin.
Women worked hard and did many jobs usually reserved for men.
They could not vote, hold public office or serve on a jury.Slide21
Review Questions:
What is a drastic decline in economic activity called?Slide22
Answer:
A DepressionSlide23
Question:
What is a person who comes to a new country to settle called?Slide24
Answer:
An Immigrant
I for
Into
E for
Exit
, as in emigrant
The emigrant leaves his country to go to a new countrySlide25
Question:
Who helped Moses Austin win approval with Governor Antonio Martinez?Slide26
Answer:
Baron de BastropSlide27
Question:
What do you need to show proof of ownership to land?Slide28
Answer:
A Title to the landSlide29
Question:
What is an army of citizens?Slide30
Answer:
A MilitiaSlide31
Question:
What are the original settlers of Stephen F. Austin’s first colony called?Slide32
Answer
The Old 300Slide33
Question:
The capital of Austin’s first colony was called:Slide34
Answer:
San Felipe de AustinSlide35
Question
What is a Law-Making Body called?Slide36
Answer:
A legislatureSlide37
Question:
What is the central seat of government called?Slide38
Answer:
The CapitalSlide39
Question:
What was the name of the ship Stephen F. Austin used to bring colonists to Texas?Slide40
Answer:
The LivelySlide41
Question:
Stephen F. Austin is known as ___________________.Slide42
Answer:
The Father of Texas.