Types of Biodiversity SBI3U Recall DICHOTOMOUS KEY EXAMPLE 1 a tail fins are horizontalwhalego to 2 b tail fins are verticalfishgo to 3 ID: 611386
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Slide1
Classifying Types of Biodiversity
SBI3USlide2
Recall: DICHOTOMOUS KEY EXAMPLE1. a. tail fins are horizontal—whale………………….go to 2
b. tail fins are vertical—fish……………………….go to 3
2. a. has teeth or tusk—toothed whale………………..go to 4
b. has no teeth………………………...BALEEN WHALE3. a. has gill slits behind mouth—shark…….………...go to 5 b. has no gill slits……………………..NONSHARK FISH4. a. black with white underside………….KILLER WHALE b. tusk, gray with dark spots………………....NARWHAL5. a. head is hammershaped……..HAMMERHEAD SHARK b. tail is half the body length……….THRESHER SHARKSlide3
Bird W: Bird Y
:
Bird
X: Bird Z: Slide4
What is Diversity? . . .Slide5
DiversitySpecies Diversity:
the variety and abundance of species in a given area
Genetic Diversity:
the variety of heritable characteristics in a population of interbreeding individuals. Ecosystem Diversity: the variety of ecosystems in the biospheres. Slide6
Genetic Diversity – Recall Key TermsGene pool
Alleles
Diversity
Population Slide7
When a species are separated in two different regions, there is a lot of allelic variation between both regions. This is due to the different environmental conditions which alter the genetic information.
What happens to the genetic diversity of organisms when there is allopatric speciation? Slide8
1) Provides resistance to disease 2) Supports conservation biology
Advantages of Genetic DiversitySlide9
1) Providing Resistance to Disease
Tasmanian Devil, native to southern state of Australia were affected by a facial tumour disease.
Low genetic diversity = greater chance of being affected by disease (possible extinction)
High Genetic diversity = greater chance of survival (promotes evolution)Slide10
2) Conservation BiologyConservation Biology
:
study of biodiversity and its protection
Knowledge of genetic diversity enables scientists to develop of strategies to save endangered species. How could scientists help increase the genetic diversity within a population of species? Slide11
Take species from a different location and introduce them into a new population. (controlled gene flow)New versions of alleles are introduced to the gene pool, thus increasing genetic diversity.
Florida panthers (
Felis
concolor coryi) from a population in Texas have been moved to Florida to increase genetic variation
2) Conservation Biology - StrategiesSlide12
Ecosystem DiversityThere’s a variety of ecosystems found within the biosphere.
Ecosystems consists of a variety of
biotic
and abiotic factors.Biotic and abiotic factors contribute to proper function of the ecosystem. E.g. Trees provide O2 for animals, H2O from lakes evaporate and to form clouds = precipitation Slide13
Earth’s surface can vary physically and chemically depending on the region. This variation increases the biodiversity.
BC has some of the most diverse ecosystems.
Ecosystem DiversitySlide14
Ecosystems provide benefits to organisms. Life on earth depends on the goods that the ecosystem has to offer. Ecosystem Service:
Ecosystem DiversitySlide15
What are some ecosystem services? (pg. 32)How would ecosystem services be affected if there was little ecosystem diversity?**Note: Governmental and NGOs work together to ensure that ecosystems are preserved and protected.
Ecosystem DiversitySlide16
Examples of Ecosystem ServiceClimate regulation: the ability of an ecosystem to regulate CO
2
, NO
2, CH4 levels in the atmosphere. Pollination: Ability to pollinate crops. Wilderness: providing a habitat for wildlifeFood production: crops; livestockSlide17
Ecosystem and Species DiversityResilience:
ability of an ecosystem to remain functional and stable in the presence of disturbances.
More diversity = better chance the organisms within the system are able to adapt (maintain equilibrium)
**See Graphs on pg. 35Slide18
Ecosystem and Human actionHumans can enhance the services provided by the ecosystem.
May provide recreational advantages to humans
But it can disrupt the entire ecosystem by interfering with the food chain. Slide19
Ecosystem and Human ActionsExample:
In California, scientists introduced a stock of non-native trout into the lake for recreational purposes.
Introducing the trout reduced the number of amphibians and insects in the ecosystem.
Why did this occur?Slide20
1. Why is genetic diversity important to the survival of a species?2. In the case of the Florida panther, humans intervened to save the species. Do you agree or disagree that humans should intervene? Why or why not?
Essential QuestionsSlide21
DNA Bar CodesRead pg 36 – DNA Bar CodesQuestions:
What is a DNA Bar Code?
What are the benefits?Slide22
Textbook: pg. 37 # 2-4, 6, 7, 9Homework