8 th grade physical science What is the first step a scientist usually takes to solve a scientific problem Conduct research Form a hypothesis Gather information State the problem If the conclusions drawn from an experiment support the hypothesis a scientist should then ID: 693613
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Slide1
Cumulative final exam review
8
th
grade physical scienceSlide2
What is the first step a scientist usually takes to solve a scientific problem?
Conduct research
Form a hypothesis
Gather information
State the problemSlide3
If the conclusions drawn from an experiment support the hypothesis, a scientist should then
Contact the press
Publish his/her findings
Test the hypothesis several more times
Test the hypothesis one more timeSlide4
Which of the following is the correct order of terms if they are ranked from least to most supported by experimental research?
Guess – hypothesis – law – theory
Guess – hypothesis – theory – law
Guess - theory – hypothesis – law
Guess – theory – law – hypothesis Slide5
Make the following conversion: 5.23 cm = ____m
0.0523
0.523
52.3
523Slide6
What is the volume of a cube if each side measures 4.5 cm (include units with your answer)
V = l x w x h
91.125 cm
3Slide7
The amount of space occupied by an object is called its ______.
Mass
Volume
Density
TemperatureSlide8
A measurement of the amount of matter is ____.
Mass
Volume
Density
Temperature Slide9
Which of the following methods would
not
be used for measuring volume?
Measuring the volume of a marble using length x width x height
Measuring the volume of a rubber stopper using the water displacement method
Measuring the volume of Gatorade using a graduated cylinder
Measuring the volume of a brick using length x width x heightSlide10
What type of graph would you use to show how a relationship between variables changes over time
Bar
Circle
Line
Scatter plotSlide11
Displacement is distance and _____. Velocity is speed and ____. What word can be used to correctly complete both statements?
Acceleration
Direction
Force
Time Slide12
A car using cruise control (constant speed) would have ____ acceleration.
Zero
Negative
Positive
Backwards Slide13
A truck travels a distance of 1500 m in 9 seconds. What is its speed?
13,500 m/s
13,500 m/s
2
166.7 m/s
166.7 m/s
2Slide14
What is the acceleration of a car that slows down to 35m/s from 65 m/s in 4.5 seconds?
6.7 m/s
2
-6.7 m/s
2
22.m/s
22m/s
2Slide15
This best explains why an unbelted crash dummy continues to fly forward in the same direction when the car it is in crashes into a wall
Friction
Gravity
Inertia
Newton’s Second Law of MotionSlide16
What is the main difference between mass and weight?
Gravity
The units
Where the object is located
They are the sameSlide17
What type of friction do the tires of a parked car have the with pavement?
It does not have friction
Rolling friction
Sliding friction
Static friction Slide18
Satellites orbit in space around the Earth. What force causes them to continue in their circular path?
Inertia
Projectile motion
Friction
Centripetal force (gravity)Slide19
The greater the mass of an object
The easier it is for the object to start moving
The greater its inertia
The more balanced it is
The more space it takes upSlide20
On the moon, a hammer and a feather fall at the same rate. On Earth, the hammer will fall faster than the feather. Which of the following statements bests explains this?
There is no air resistance on the moon.
There is no gravity on the moon.
There is more gravity on Earth than on the moon.
The hammer has more mass and thus more air resistance.Slide21
Why do projectiles follow a curved path?
They have centripetal force
They have a horizontal and vertical motion
They have momentum
Because what goes up must come downSlide22
A TV commercial shows parachutists falling through the sky and
when
they
open their chutes, instead of a parachute, bottles fly out. Then, after the parachutists land safely, they have to scatter to avoid begin hit by the falling bottles. Aside from other inaccuracies, there is a major problem with the bottles reaching the ground after the parachutists. What force can be used to prove this point?
Air resistance
Friction
Inertia
Momentum Slide23
Wiley Coyote gets outsmarted by Roadrunner yet again. He falls off a very high cliff and plummets to a ravine below, smashing into the ground. Which of the following best describes the energy transformations occurring in this situation? Start the trail from Wiley Coyote’s highest point to when he hits the ground.
Gravitational potential energy
Kinetic energy Thermal energy
Gravitational potential energy Kinetic energy Electromagnetic energy
Kinetic energy Elastic potential energy Mechanical energy
Kinetic energy Gravitational potential energy SoundSlide24
In which of the following situations is work being done?
Holding your books while you stand and talk to your friend in the hall
Keeping a box on a pulley 10m above the ground
Picking your backpack off the ground
Carrying a pizza from the oven to the tableSlide25
Friction frequently transforms kinetic energy into what type of energy?
Chemical potential energy
Gravitational potential energy
Elastic potential energy
Thermal energySlide26
What would increase the mechanical advantage of an inclined plane?
Doubling its height
Doubling its length
Making it out of steel instead of wood
None of the aboveSlide27
Which of the following is the method by which heat energy is transferred by the currents in a fluid?
Radiation
Insulation
Convection
Conduction Slide28
All of the following are good conductors of heat
except
_______
Silver
Copper
Aluminum
Air Slide29
Matter with no definite volume and no definite shape is a ___________.
Gas
Liquid
Plasma
Both A & CSlide30
The reason sidewalks are made with cracks is because _______.
Heated objects contract
Heated objects expand
Cooled object expand
They look betterSlide31
In which of the following situations would an object definitely sink?
The object weighs 100N; the weight of the displaced water is 111N
The object is less dense than water
The weight of the object is 10N; the buoyant force is 20N
The weight of the object is 20N; the buoyant force is 10NSlide32
Bernoulli’s Principle explains that a Frisbee can fly because the top of the Frisbee is curved and the bottom is flat so air must travel faster over it than it does under it. Which of the following statements is true?
The area of low pressure is above the Frisbee
The area of high pressure is above the Frisbee
The high velocity air is below the Frisbee
Both B & CSlide33
You drink half a bottle of water, but then you accidentally leave it out and it gets warm. So, you put the cap back on the bottle and put it in the refrigerator to get cold again. A few hours later, when you take it out of the fridge, you notice that the bottle is a little sunken in. This is because of which of the following relationships for gases?
As temperature decreases, pressure increases
As temperature decreases, volume decreases
As pressure decreased, volume increases
All of the aboveSlide34
What type of mixture has the parts blended evenly?
Substance
Heterogeneous mixtures
Homogeneous mixtures
Element Slide35
A match is burned. This is an example of
A chemical property
A
physical property
A chemical change
A physical change Slide36
Which of the following is
not
found in the nucleus of an atom?
Neutron
Electron
Proton
All of the aboveSlide37
How many electrons are needed in the outer energy level of most atoms for the atom to be chemically stable?
1
2
6
8Slide38
What increases by 1
as you go
across
a period on the periodic table?
The number of energy levels/rings
The number of protons
The atomic number
Both B & CSlide39
What increases by 1
as you go
down
a group on the periodic table?
The number of energy levels/rings
The number of protons
The atomic number
Both B & CSlide40
Which group of elements is LEAST likely to bond with other elements?
Alkaline Earth Metals
Halogens
Noble Gases
The Nitrogen GroupSlide41
An element’s oxidation number is equal to
Its valence electrons
Its group on the periodic table
The number of electrons it will gain, lose, or share when it
bonds
The number of protonsSlide42
Which of the following statements is/are true?
Protons are larger than neutrons and electrons
Protons are positive and neutrons are negative
Protons, neutrons, and electrons are made of quarks
Protons are positive and electrons are negative