How did the development of agriculture change life in the Neolithic Age Paleolithic Age The Old Stone Age from 2 million years ago to 8000 BCE Begins with toolmaking hominids Homo Habilis ID: 577633
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Slide1
Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers
How did the development of agriculture change life in the Neolithic Age?Slide2
Paleolithic Age
The “Old Stone Age” from 2 million years ago to 8000 B.C.E.
Begins with tool-making hominids (Homo
Habilis
)
Hunter-gatherers, nomads wandering from place to placeSlide3
Shortage of Food – Paleolithic Age
No stable or dependable food supply
Plants and animals scarce when people stayed in one place too long
Hunting was dangerous due to close-up nature of hunting prey; hunters often killed or injuredSlide4
Neolithic Age
The “New Stone Age” from 8000 B.C.E. to 3000 B.C.E.
Begins when people start to farm and produce their own food
Over 1000s of years people gradually learn to raise animals and plant crops
No longer need to roam long distances; can settle in one placeSlide5
Dawn of Agriculture
Eventually people discover they can plant seeds and harvest crops
Farmers also observe which seeds grow better in their climate and soil
Farmers learn to domesticate animals, to raise and use them for people’s needs
Raised sheep, goats and cattle for meat; goats and cattle also provided milk; mules carry heavy loads
Neolithic Age begins with agriculture, the business of growing crops and raising animals; people now have some control over their food supply Slide6
Permanent Shelters
During Paleolithic Age people lived in temporary shelters, like caves, because they moved often looking for food
In the Neolithic Age, with the dawn of agriculture, people built more permanent shelters out of mud bricks
Permanent shelters gave people protection from harsh weather and wild animals
Long-lasting shelters enabled people to settle together in larger communitiesSlide7
Communities
Agriculture led to permanent shelters; permanent shelters led to larger communities
Living in communities or villages allowed people to organize themselves more efficiently, resulting in the division of labor (some people grow crops, others build houses and make tools, etc.)
Villagers also learn to cooperate to do tasks more quickly
With their basic needs met, people spent time and energy on other activities: inventing new ways to make life more comfortable and safer
These changes lead to growing populationsSlide8
New Jobs
In Paleolithic times, people’s main concern was finding enough food to survive
Farming on the steadier supply of food, allows Neolithic people to develop specialized skills
Focusing on one job gave people the opportunity to improve the ways they worked
Neolithic people didn’t only want to survive, they wanted to make themselves and their surroundings beautiful (decorated pottery, polished stones for jewelry, etc.Slide9
Beginning to Trade
Paleolithic hunter-gatherers rarely traded
As Neolithic people settled in communities, trade became a more common activity (people trade to get resources they do not have)
Neolithic people wanted materials to improve the strength and beauty of the things they made; getting these resources became the job of traders
Traders traveled hundreds of miles looking for materials and resources (i.e., flint, obsidian, shells)
Trade brought people into contact with people from distant places; spreading ideas and knowledgeSlide10
Review
What does Paleolithic mean?
What does Neolithic mean?
How did Paleolithic people survive?
What marked the beginning of the Neolithic Age?
What is agriculture?
What two main factors allowed communities/villages to develop?
What did trade allow people to do?Slide11
Constructed Response – Exit Ticket
“Identify and explain three
ways
the
development of agriculture changed daily life in the Neolithic Age
.”
Cite specific evidence from your presentation/Cornell notes.