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Assessing  Diversity  in News Assessing  Diversity  in News

Assessing Diversity in News - PowerPoint Presentation

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Assessing Diversity in News - PPT Presentation

Tom Huang Whats missing in our coverage are the everyday acts and opinions quirks and foibles that make Asians individuals that make them human Minorities in the News Whats Missing ID: 782908

typeface news coverage 50800 news typeface 50800 coverage stories crime missing race what

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Slide1

Assessing

Diversity

in News

Slide2

Tom Huang: “What’s missing in our coverage are the everyday acts and opinions, quirks and foibles, that make Asians individuals, that make them human.”

Minorities in the News: What’s Missing

Slide3

Minorities in the News: What’s Missing?

John B. Russwurm and Samuel E.

Cornish,

1827

Slide4

Minorities in the News: What’s Missing?

“Too long has the publick been deceived by misrepresentations, in things which concern us deeply, though in the estimation of some mere trifles; for although there are many in society who exercise toward us benevolent feelings; still there are others who

enlarge upon the least trifle

, which tends to the discredit of any person of color; and produce anathemas and

denounce our whole body for the misconduct of this guilty one

.”

“From the press and from the pulpit we have suffered much by being incorrectly represented. Men

, whom we equally love and admire, have not hesitated to represent us disadvantageously,

without becoming personally acquainted with the true state of things

, nor

discerning between virtue and vice

among us. …

Our vices and our degradations are ever arrayed against us, but our virtues are passed by unnoticed

.”

Slide5

Minorities in the News: What’s Missing?

Kerner Commission, 1968

“The media report and write from the standpoint of a white man’s world. The ills of the the ghetto, the difficulties of life there, the Negro’s burning sense of grievance, are seldom conveyed.”

Quoting a black citizen: “[T]he average black person couldn’t give less of a damn about what the media say. The intelligent black person is resentful at what he considers to be a totally

false

portrayal of what goes on in the ghetto.”

Slide6

Minorities in the News: What’s Missing?

Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, 2010

Coverage of Blacks is Too Negative

Coverage of Blacks is Generally Fair

Blacks

58%

28%

Whites

31%

60%

1005 adults surveyed August 12-15, 2010

Slide7

Minorities in the News: What’s Missing?

UNITY, survey of members, 2010

95% believed MSM inadequately covered race & race relations

14% believed their producers and editors were knowledgeable about race

14% believed MSM had helped improved race relations

Slide8

What does research tell us?

Patterns of coverage

Recent examples

Proposed solutions

Slide9

Amount of Coverage

Coverage of blacks between 1950 and 1980

New York Times, Atlanta Constitution, Boston Globe, Chicago Tribune

Increased coverage in each succeeding decade

Never more than 4% of news hole

(Carolyn Martindale, “Significant Silences: Newspaper Coverage of Problems Facing Black Americans.”

Newspaper Research Journal

15, no. 2 (1990): 102-115.)

Slide10

Amount of Coverage

Coverage of Latinos on network TV news, 2002

ABC, CBS, CNN, NBC aired 728 primetime hours of news

5.68 hours (.78%) devoted to Latino-related issues; 120 stories

(Serafin Méndez-Méndez and Diane Alverio, “The Portrayal of Latinos in Network Television News, 2002,” National Association of Hispanic Journalists.)

Slide11

What’s News?

Crime

Of 120 stories about

Latinos

:

39% crime

18% terrorism

9% illegal immigration

Slide12

What’s News?

Crime

Local TV news coverage of race at 26 stations in 12 cities, 2003 (596 stories)

Leading topic: crime (22% of all stories)

(

Poindexter, Paula M., Laura Smith & Don Heider. “Race and Ethnicity in Local Television News: Framing, Story Assignment and Source Selections.”

Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media

, 47, no. 4 (2003): 524-536.)

Crime focus

Stories feature blacks

69%

Stories feature whites

28%

Slide13

Crime in News vs. Crime Statistics

200 local TV news stories about crime, Los Angeles, 2006

(Travis Dixon and Cristina Azocar, “The Representation of Juvenile Offenders by Race on Los Angeles Area Television News,”

Howard Journal of Communication

17, 2006, 143-161.)

Arrest Rate

TV Perpetrator

Difference

Black

18%

39%

+21

White

22%24%

+2

Latino

53%

29%

-18

Other

7%

8%

+1

Slide14

Crime in News vs. Crime Statistics

185 Network News Stories: Missing Children, 2005-07

(Seong-Jae Min and John Feaster, “Missing Children in National News Coverage: Racial and Gender Representation of Missing Children Cases,”

Communication Research Reports

, 27(3): 207-216.)

FBI Data

TV News

Difference

Black

Children

33.2%

19.5%

-13.7%Non-Black Children66.8%80.5%

+13.7%

Slide15

Sourcing Patterns

596 Local TV news stories at 26 stations in 12 cities, 2003

(

Poindexter, Paula M., Laura Smith & Don Heider. “Race and Ethnicity in Local Television News: Framing, Story Assignment and Source Selections.”

Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media

, 47, no. 4 (2003): 524-536.)

Order of Appearance in Stories

First

Second

Third

Fourth

White

84%

79%

75%

85%

Black

12%

18%

21%

12%

Latino

2%

2%

2%

0%

Other

2%

2%

1%

0%

Slide16

Sourcing Patterns

Network TV News,

2008

75% of white reporters’ sources were white

50

% of minority reporters’ sources were minorities

Presidential

Campaign Coverage, 2004

White reporters used minority sources in 5% of their stories

Minority reporters used minority sources in 15% of their stories

(Lynn C. Owens, “Network News: The Role of Race in Source Selection and Story Type.”

Howard Journal of Communication

19, no. 4 (2008): 355-370.)

(Geri Alumit Zeldes and Fred Fico, “Broadcast and Cable News Network Differences in the Way Reporters Used Women and Minority Group Sources to Cover the 2004 Presidential Election,”

Mass Communication and Society

, 13: 512-527, 2010.)

Slide17

Sourcing

Patterns

104 Looting Scenes on Network News, Hurricane

Katrina

(Kirk Johnson, Mark Dolan and John Sonnett, “Speaking of Looting: An Analysis of Racial Propaganda in National Television Coverage of Hurricane Katrina,”

Howard Journal of Communication

, 22:302-318, 2011.)

Actors

Speakers

Black

Slide18

Words

& Images

Slide19

Words

& Images

Slide20

Words

& Images

Slide21

Slide22

Summary

Amount of coverage of minorities is small

Somewhat disproportionate attention to crime

Missing white children newsworthy

Whites tend to dominate as sources

White reporters tend to have white Rolodexes

Careless word choices and labeling may offend

Slide23

Proposed Solutions

Diversify the Newsroom

Mixed evidence of effectiveness

Diversity viewed as a “cost center”

Slide24

Proposed Solutions

Community Outreach

Total Community Coverage

Race and Media Forums

Slide25

Proposed Solutions

Content Auditing

Self-monitoring tools

Slide26

Slide27

Slide28

Slide29

Slide30

Slide31