PPT-Scaling Services: Partitioning, Hashing, Key-Value Storage

COS 418 Distributed Systems Lecture 12 Kyle Jamieson Selected content adapted from M Freedman B Karp Horizontal or vertical scalability Vertical Scaling Horizontal Scaling 2 Probability of any failure in given period 11. The analysis uses only very basic and intuitively understandable concepts of probability theory and is meant to be accessible even for undergraduates taking their 64257rst algorithms course 1 Introduction dictionary is a data structure for storing a Up to this point the greatest drawback of cuckoo hashing appears to be that there is a polynomially small but practically signicant probability that a failure occurs during the insertion of an item requiring an expensive rehashing of all items in th Isabelle Stanton, UC Berkeley. Gabriel . Kliot. , Microsoft Research XCG. Modern graph datasets are huge. The web graph had over a trillion links in 2011. Now?. . facebook. has “more than 901 million users with average degree 130”. Approximate Near Neighbors. Ilya Razenshteyn (CSAIL MIT). Alexandr. . Andoni. (Simons Institute). Approximate Near Neighbors (ANN). Dataset:. . n. points in . d. dimensions. Query:. a point within . Ashwin Rao . Karavadi, Rakesh . Parida. Microsoft IT. Data Partitioning. Why?. Split a table into manageable partitions. Improve data access performance. Simplify maintenance. Partitioned Views. Available since SQL Server 7.0. National Consultation on. Community Action for Health. October 28 - 29, 2014. Day One Proceedings . Context setting inaugural. Five thematic sessions:. State experiences of Community Based Planning and Monitoring – Bihar, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu . CST203-2 Database Management Systems. Lecture 7. Disadvantages. on index structure:. We must access an index structure to locate data, or must use binary search, and that results in more I/O operations. Victor Zakhary, . Divyakant. Agrawal, Amr El . Abbadi. 1. The old problem of Caching. Disk. RAM. L. 2. L. 1. Larger. Slower. Cheaper. Smaller. Faster. Expensive. 2. The old problem of Caching. Smaller. Hashing & Partitioning. 1. Peng Sun. Server Load Balancing. Balance load across servers. Normal techniques: . Round-robin? . 2. Limitations of Round Robin. Packets of a single connection spread over several servers. Cyryptocurrency Project Proposal - Spring 2015. SHA Use in Bitcoin. SHA256 used heavily as bitcoin’s underlying cryptographic hashing function. Two examples (of many) are its use in the Merkle tree hash, as well as the proof of work calculation. In static hashing, function . h. maps search-key values to a fixed set of . B. . buckets, that contain a number of (K,V) entries.. . . Problem: d. atabases . grow . (or shrink) . with time. . If initial number of buckets is too small, and file grows, performance will degrade due to too much overflows.. 16.1 Introduction. Databases typically stored on magnetic disks. Accessed using physical database file structures. Storage hierarchy. Primary storage. CPU main memory, cache memory. Secondary storage. Introduction. Parallel machines have become quite common and affordable. prices of microprocessors, memory and disks have dropped sharply. Data storage needs are growing increasingly large. user data at web-scale. Nhan Nguyen. & . Philippas. . Tsigas. ICDCS 2014. Distributed Computing and Systems. Chalmers University of Technology. Gothenburg, Sweden. Our contributions: a concurrent hash table. Nhan D. Nguyen.