Biodiversity and its conservation Biodiversity refers to the variety and the number of living organisms present in the ecosystem. Species diversity: it is the variability found within the population of a species or between different species
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Presentation Transcript
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Biodiversity and its conservation
Biodiversity refers to the variety and the number of living organisms present in the ecosystem.
Species diversity: it is the variability found within the population of a species or between different species of a community
Ecosystem diversity: it is the variety of habitats, biotic communities and ecological processes in the biosphere as well as the diversity within ecosystems
c. Genetic diversity: it is the variability of different genes and combination of genes within populations.<br>
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Value of Biodiversity
Consumptive use value: (based on direct consumption). Fuel , food, fibre, pulp, wood fall uner this group. Eg: barks of cinchona yields quinine which helps in curing malaria. Isabgol a domestic herbal cure for bowel disorders is obtained from Plantago.<br>
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2. Productive use value: ( based on product use). These are the commercially usable values where the product is marketed and sold. These may include animal products like tusks of elephants, musks from deer, silk from silkworm, etc. many industries are dependent on productive use values of biodiversity. Eg: paper industry, textile industry, leather industry, etc.<br>
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3. Social value: ( based on socio cultural use). These are the values associated with social life, customs, religion and psycho spiritual aspects of the people. Biodiversity has distinct social value, attached with different societies.<br>
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4. Ethical value: ( based on the ethics of existence). It involves ethical issues like “all life must be preserved”. The ethical value means that we may or we may not use a species, but knowing the very fact that this species exists in nature gives us pleasure.<br>
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5. Aesthetic value: (based on aesthetics). Great aesthetic value is attached to biodiversity as it gives us pleasure, peace of mind, excitement and a feeling of appreciation.<br>
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6. Option value: ( based on some known utility that is to be explored). These includes potentials of biodiversity that are presently unknown and need to be explored. Option value is the value of knowing that there are biological resources existing in the biosphere that may one day prove to be an effective option for something important in the future.<br>
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Ecosystem service:
It refers to services provided by ecosystem.
The services include prevention of soil erosion, prevention of floods, maintenance of soil fertility, cycling of nutrients, cycling of water, role of ecosystem as carbon sinks .<br>
