Forest fires in Europe and Poland Forest fires

Transcript:Forest fires in Europe and Poland Forest fires:
Forest fires in Europe and Poland Forest fires Fires are one of the phenomena occurring in forests. From a forest management point of view they are one of the most serious dangers threatening forests. Every year, nearly 2000 fires are recorded in the world. The vulnerability of forests to fire depends primarily on weather conditions. They affect the humidity of the litter. The forest is an excellent combustible material. However, in order to create a fire a fire source is needed. In recent years, Poland is in the infamous in terms of the number of fires. Causes and effects of forest fires Causes lightning discharge eruptions of volcanoes sparks caused by striking blocks and crumbs of rock self-ignition Arson accidental fire Effects endanger the lives and health of people material losses ecological in the natural environment damage to plants, animal death ground degradation destruction of habitats of many species of plants and animals during fires, large amounts of pollutants are released Division of forest fires Fires of forests are divided into categories: Earthfire is rare. They form one mostly during long-term drought. The most common cause of thiscategory of fires is burning fires on peat bogs. Underground fires are spreading slowly, but they can last up to several months. Ground fires, most frequently occurring category of fires in Poland. The apical fires are spreading in the crowns of trees. This fire is usually caused by a mundane fire through lower tree crowns and hanging branches. With particularly favorable weather conditions, peak fires can take the size of a cataclysm. Fires of single trees are most often caused by firing fires in old, rotten hollows and firing fires under trees. The causes of single tree fires are also lightning strikes. EFFIS The source of information on forest fires in Europe is EFFIS (European Forest Fire Information System). EFFIS tasks include: providing historical data on forest fires in Europe monitoring the current situation fire weather forecasting (monthly and seasonal), using data on recent rain and temperature anomalies creating a network of experts from 40 countries – Expert Group on Forest Fires Forest fires in Europe - statistics Southern countries, mainly Portugal, Italy, France, Greece and Spain, are the most vulnerable to forest fires. In those countries combined, averagely almost 180 thousand ha of forests were burnt annually (1980-2015). The total burnt in 2015 in Europe (including Turkey) was ca 256 thousand ha.