High-Pressure Oxygen Dryer (HPOD) FY 2023 Trade

Transcript:High-Pressure Oxygen Dryer (HPOD) FY 2023 Trade:
High-Pressure Oxygen Dryer (HPOD) FY 2023 Trade Study and Market Survey Emily Rini1, Lawrence Barrett2, and Jeffrey J. Sweterlitsch3 53rd International Conference on Environmental Systems 21-25 July 2024, Louisville, Kentucky Paper #093 1Modeling and Simulation Chemical Engineer, 2224 Bay Area Blvd, Houston, TX 77058/JE-5EA. 2ECLSS Analysis Technical Lead, Thermal, Fluids and Life Support Analysis JE33, 5E307 2224 Bay Area Blvd Houston TX, 77058 3Air Revitalization Lead, Life Support Systems Branch, 2101 NASA Pkwy Mail Stop EC3, Houston TX 77058. Overview Introduction Technologies Knockout Drum Addition Adsorption Bed Technologies Cryogenic Cooling Technology Down-selecting Sorbent Prior to Trade Equivalent System Mass (ESM) Methodology Adsorption Bed Sizing ESM Results Trading Technologies Adsorption Bed Technology: Full Architecture Cryogenic Heat Exchanger ESM Results Single Lunar Mission 10 Years of Lunar Missions Conclusions 2 Introduction A reliable source of dry, high-pressure oxygen is needed for Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) missions to support nominal and contingency operations on the future lunar Surface Habitat (SH) and the Pressurized Rover (PR) during Artemis missions High-pressure oxygen coming from: High-Pressure Oxygen Generation Assembly (HPOGA) Skyre Electrochemical Oxygen Compressor (EOC) Produce O2 saturated with water Bounding cases for potential architectures have been identified: In all cases, oxygen is continuously generated and dried 28-day timeframe to generate oxygen when SH is crewed (higher rates) 365-day timeframe to generate oxygen when SH is mostly uncrewed (lower rates) Scenarios defined “Nominal + Contingency Expended” – all oxygen needed to be dried “HP Nominal + Contingency Expended” - only the missions’ required high-pressure oxygen needs to be dried The objective of this analysis is to perform an architecture trade study and market survey of options to dry a continuous stream of 45°C, 27,579 kPa saturated oxygen containing ~ 500 ppm H2O down to < 7 ppm H2O >98% removal of water from the gas stream Potential storage concerns – water could cause rusting Scenarios of fast flow rate needs - water could freeze out the regulators NASA requirement, based on military specification16, limits water content to 7 ppm 3 16“Performance Specification Oxygen, Aviator’s Breathing, Liquid And Gas. Department of Defense”. MIL-PRF-27210J. 2013. Technologies Initial research examining previous NASA work, up-and-coming NASA projects, and industry-available drying technologies The drying technologies further analyzed can be divided into three categories: Adsorption beds Cryogenic cooling technologies Filter/membrane technologies Not feasible for application Large pressure differentials Material incompatibility with high-pressure oxygen environment 4 High-Pressure Oxygen Generation High-Pressure Oxygen Dryer Knockout