India’s Nuclear Foreign policy BY Sk Saddam

Transcript:India’s Nuclear Foreign policy BY Sk Saddam:
India’s Nuclear Foreign policy BY Sk Saddam Hossen, Assistant professor of DR. Kanailal Bhattacharyya College Under the Manhattan project by Robert Oppenheimer USA developed nuclear technology, it exploded on 16 July 1945. USA dropped it into Japan in two city – Nagasaki and Hiroshima . Name of the countries whose are explosion of nuclear weapon: 1962 -India – China (PRC) war . 1964 -PRC became the fifth Nuclear Country. India search for a nuclear Umbrella. USA – 1945 USSR- 1949 (code name – First- Lightning ) UK – 1952 ( code name – Hurricane) France – 1960 ( code name – Gerboise Bleue ). people Republic of China – 1964 ( code name – 596) . India – 1974 ( Operation or code name – Smiling Buddha. NON- PROLIFERATION TREATY (NPT) IN 1968 : Objective of NPT was not to proliferate nuclear weapons to others countries except P5 members (USA, USSR, UK, FRANCE, CHINA (PRC). 190 Countries were listed for singing NPT, but India, Israel, North Korea, Pakistan , and South Sudan were not signed. Despite the obstacle of World most powerful countries India conducted “peaceful nuclear explosion” NUCLEAR WEAPONS WAS DEVELOPING OF INDIA AND PAKISTAN The decision to go ahead with a nuclear weapons program was only made in April 1979 in response to intelligence about Pakistan's nuclear development, which accelerated following A.Q. Khan's stealing of centrifuge technology from the Netherlands and a possible clandestine China-Pakistan agreement in 1 976. At the same time. during the 1985 and early 1990s, China transferred fissile material, missile production facilities and uranium enrichment equipment to pakistan. Additionally, in Pakistan, nuclear control fell into the hands of the military, causing further anxiety in New Delhi. India had started developing its missile technology for fear of Pakistan . GLOBAL NUCLEAR ORDER IN 1974 NUCLEAR SUPPLIER GROUP (NSG) WAS ESTABLISHED . The NSG aims to ensure that nuclear exports are carried out with appropriate safeguards, physical protection, and nonproliferation conditions, and other appropriate restraints. The NSG also seeks to restrict the export of sensitive items that can contribute to the proliferation of nuclear weapons. IN 1995 NPT EXTENDED INDEFINITELY. IN 1996 A COMPREHENSIVE TEST BAN TREATY (CTBT) WAS SIGNED. The CTBT aims at eliminating nuclear weapons by constraining the development and qualitative improvement of new types of nuclear weapons. It plays a crucial role in the prevention of nuclear proliferation and in nuclear disarmament, thus