Medium and long distance passenger and freight

Transcript:Medium and long distance passenger and freight:
Medium and long distance passenger and freight transport: environmental performance and determinants of modal choice Inge Mayeres Transport & Mobility Leuven 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 1 Structure of the Presentation Passenger transport EEA TERM 2020 “Train or plane?” https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/transport-and-environment-report-2020 Freight transport 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 2 Environmental costs of different transport modes (1000 km) – euro/passenger 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 3 Other considerations affecting the final environmental impact of a switch from air to rail CO2 emissions: EU ETS cap for origin-destination pairs within area covered by the ETS Intra-EEA aviation and electricity for rail included in EU ETS If extra rail infrastructure is required for extra rail travel:  embedded environmental costs of rail infrastructure In congested airports: slots available for other flights  If such flights not covered by EU ETS: additional CO2 emissions Climate impacts non-CO2, costs of air pollution, noise 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 4 Source: EEA TERM 2020 report – Train or Plane Impacts of policies on determinants of modal choice (incl. multimodality) Travel cost:  Policies confronting travelers for each mode with non-internalized external costs Travel time and reliability: Travel time: travel to and from airport or railway station, in-vehicle time, waiting time, transfer time, check-in time, time for security procedures, schedule delay time, etc. Some types of travel time are perceived to be more costly than others Hence, e.g. positive willingness to pay to avoid a transfer Value of travel time also different per transport mode and traveler segment (income, business/leisure travelers/…) 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 5 Source: EEA TERM 2020 report – Train or Plane Impacts of policies on determinants of modal choice (incl. multimodality) Travel time and reliability (continued): Various strategies available to reduce travel time costs (characteristics of connections, frequency, speed on existing lines, night trains, HSR) Role for government authorities Cost ranges from relatively cheap to expensive  Importance of social cost-benefit analysis (incl. environmental impacts) European Court of Auditors: need for coordination of infrastructure projects across borders Increase awareness of environmental costs: Provision of objective information Convenience, comfort, quality of service, safety: Improvements supported by policy framework 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 6 Source: EEA TERM 2020 report – Train or Plane Environmental costs of freight transport Germany 2017