Medium and long distance passenger and freight transport: environmental performance and determinants of modal choice Inge Mayeres Transport Mobility Leuven 16052022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 1 Structure of
Related Topics
Share
Embed code
Download this presentation From Below
"Medium and long distance passenger and freight" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to
download and print the materials on this website for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it
on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright
notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this
agreement.
Presentation Transcript
01
Medium and long distance passenger and freight transport: environmental performance and determinants of modal choice Inge Mayeres
Transport & Mobility Leuven 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 1<br>
02
Structure of the Presentation Passenger transport
EEA TERM 2020 “Train or plane?”
https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/transport-and-environment-report-2020
Freight transport 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 2<br>
03
Environmental costs of different transport modes (1000 km) – euro/passenger 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 3<br>
04
Other considerations affecting the final environmental impact of a switch from air to rail CO2 emissions: EU ETS cap for origin-destination pairs within area covered by the ETS
Intra-EEA aviation and electricity for rail included in EU ETS
If extra rail infrastructure is required for extra rail travel: embedded environmental costs of rail infrastructure
In congested airports: slots available for other flights
If such flights not covered by EU ETS: additional CO2 emissions
Climate impacts non-CO2, costs of air pollution, noise 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 4 Source: EEA TERM 2020 report – Train or Plane<br>
05
Impacts of policies on determinants of modal choice (incl. multimodality) Travel cost:
Policies confronting travelers for each mode with non-internalized external costs
Travel time and reliability:
Travel time: travel to and from airport or railway station, in-vehicle time, waiting time, transfer time, check-in time, time for security procedures, schedule delay time, etc.
Some types of travel time are perceived to be more costly than others
Hence, e.g. positive willingness to pay to avoid a transfer
Value of travel time also different per transport mode and traveler segment (income, business/leisure travelers/…) 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 5 Source: EEA TERM 2020 report – Train or Plane<br>
06
Impacts of policies on determinants of modal choice (incl. multimodality) Travel time and reliability (continued):
Various strategies available to reduce travel time costs (characteristics of connections, frequency, speed on existing lines, night trains, HSR)
Role for government authorities
Cost ranges from relatively cheap to expensive
Importance of social cost-benefit analysis (incl. environmental impacts)
European Court of Auditors: need for coordination of infrastructure projects across borders
Increase awareness of environmental costs:
Provision of objective information
Convenience, comfort, quality of service, safety:
Improvements supported by policy framework 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 6 Source: EEA TERM 2020 report – Train or Plane<br>
07
Environmental costs of freight transport Germany 2017 (eurocent/tonne-km) 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 7<br>
08
Evolution of modal shares according to EU Reference Scenario 2020 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 8 Source: Figure 33 in EC (2021), EU Reference Scenario 2020. Energy, transport and GHG emissions - Trends to 2050 2050<br>
09
Determinants of modal choice (incl. multimodality) Example: score by producers/distributors of manufactured goods 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 9 Score on 5 Source: based on Arencibia et al (2015), Transportation Research A 75<br>
10
Policies affecting modal choice/multimodality Targeted investments in infrastructure and nodes – Important: social cost benefit analysis
Create a level playing field in terms of taxation and charging
Stimulate multimodality by simpler procedures, E-freight and investments in innovations
Rail:
Simplification and harmonization of railway regulations
Roll-out of ERTMS + technological harmonization
Increasing the flexibility of the rail network, rail paths are now often very inflexible 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 10 Source: Heyndrickx (2021), TML Talk #7<br>
11
References EC (2021), EU Reference Scenario 2020. Energy, transport and GHG emissions - Trends to 2050 https://energy.ec.europa.eu/data-and-analysis/energy-modelling/eu-reference-scenario-2020_en
EEA(2020), Transport and Environment Report 2020, “Train or Plane?”, EEA Report 19/2020 https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/transport-and-environment-report-2020
Arencibia, A. I. et al. (2015), Modelling mode choice for freight transport using advanced choice experiments. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Volume 75, pp. 252-267.
Heyndrickx, C. (2021), De toekomst van het spoor (the future of rail), TML Talk #7
IFEU et al. (2020), Ökologische Bewertung von Verkehrsarten, Study for Umweltbundesambt https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/oekologische-bewertung-von-verkehrsarten 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 11<br>
12
Thank you!
Contact:
www.tmleuven.be
Inge.Mayeres@tmleuven.be 16/05/2022 Presentation for the Committee on Transport and Tourism 12<br>
