MODULE 7 PART 1 The role of non-governmental

Transcript:MODULE 7 PART 1 The role of non-governmental:
MODULE 7 PART 1 The role of non-governmental stakeholders in HiAP/Whole-of-society approaches Stakeholder engagement 7 LEARNING OBJECTIVES Define a stakeholder and provide examples Explain the benefits and challenges of non-government stakeholder engagement List principles for effective and accountable stakeholder consultation Recognize strategies used by actors to counteract efforts to improve health and inequity Whole-of-Government vs Whole-of-Society approaches Intersectoral action refers to the coordinated efforts of two or more sectors within government to improve health outcomes. This can include working across different levels of government such as district, provincial and national jurisdictions. The term intergovernmental is sometimes used to refer to these horizontal and vertical linkages between levels of government within a country. Whole-of-government, joined-up government and healthy public policies are similar terms used in the HiAP literature. A whole-of-society approach, in contrast, refers to coordinated efforts to improve health by multiple stakeholders within and outside government that may also be from several sectors. Defining a stakeholder A primary stakeholder is one who, without continuing participation, the policy or issue could not succeed or be addressed. For example, schools might be a primary stakeholder when dealing with the issue of healthy foods for children. A secondary stakeholder is one who has some influence or is affected by the policy or issue. However, their engagement is not essential to address the issue or to take policy action. For example, car manufacturers might be a secondary stakeholder when addressing road safety and drink driving. Why is stakeholder consultation important? Increases accountability and is an indicator of good governance. Practical policy benefits: Assessing support and opposition to a policy Giving government activities visibility and legitimacy Empowering the marginalized Increasing collaboration and the more efficient use of resources Ensuring the sustainability of interventions. Can help accumulate evidence and public support for radical measures to improve population health and inequity. Harness ‘windows of opportunity’ as a collective. Best practice – demonstrates desire to engage in meaningful two-way/multi-directional communication, and recognizes the important contribution stakeholders at all levels can make to future policy changes. Other benefits of stakeholder consultation The triangle that moves mountains Some of the challenges or risks of stakeholder engagement can include: Prolonging policy-making Increasing costs of intervention Polarizing interest groups Creating unmanageable expectations Challenges of stakeholder engagement Finding the balance in stakeholder engagement Principles of stakeholder engagement Empowerment Accountability Transparency Cost-effectiveness Resources Government involvement with other actors: Civil society Civil society (whole-of-society approach