Nutrition and Menu Planning N4

Transcript:Nutrition and Menu Planning N4:
Nutrition and Menu Planning N4 www.futuremanagers.com SOURCES OF NUTRITION The five basic food groups are foods that we need to eat from every day to stay healthy. The five basic food groups are: Group 1: Protein and meat group; Group 2: Calcium and milk group; Group 3: Fruit and vegetables group; Group 4: Cereal group; and Group 5: Fats and oils group. Module 1 – The five basic food groups www.futuremanagers.com TERMINOLOGY Food is any substance, liquid or solid which provides the body with materials necessary for important functions. Nutrients are the components in food that must be supplied to the body in suitable amounts to be able to perform the important functions. A balanced diet is a diet that contains adequate amounts of all the necessary nutrients required for the needs of an individual at a particular stage in his life. Module 2 – Nutrients www.futuremanagers.com Module 2 – Nutrients (continued) FUNCTIONS OF NUTRIENTS The nutrients that are needed by the body and are obtained from food can be divided into three groups, according to their functions: www.futuremanagers.com Module 2 – Nutrients (continued) CLASSIFICATION OF NUTRIENTS Proteins: Complete, semi-complete and incomplete proteins. Fats: Fats and oils. Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharide. Vitamins: Vitamin A, Vitamin S, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, Vitamin B Complex, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin C. Minerals: Calcium, Phosphorus, Iron, Sodium, and Iodine. Water. www.futuremanagers.com Module 2 – Nutrients (continued) DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION When food has been eaten, it must be broken down in the body by the process of digestion. Absorption occurs after the food has been broken down; the products are then passed through the walls of the digestive tract into the bloodstream. www.futuremanagers.com FOOD REQUIREMENTS OF THE DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS Pregnant women: Needs nutrients for the foetus to develop properly. Babies: Depends entirely on milk or the first four to six months of life. Toddler: Milk, meat, fruit and vegetables groups are needed. Children: Should include dark leafy greens and whole-wheat breads and cereals. Teenagers: Nutrients to cope with growth and hormonal changes. The elderly: Small, nutrient filled meals more often. Module 3 – Food requirements and nutritional guidelines www.futuremanagers.com Module 3 – Food requirements and nutritional guidelines (continued) VEGETARIANS Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from consumption of meat (red meat, poultry and seafood). It may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter, such as animal