Possible Challenges National Reconciliation Will Face How to Win a Lasting Peace? 13th International Sakharov Conference 18-19 May, 2023 Volodymyr Paniotto, KIIS president Sources of conflict - 1 On the one hand, we are currently
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Presentation Transcript
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Possible Challenges National Reconciliation Will Face
How to Win a Lasting Peace?
13th International Sakharov Conference
18-19 May, 2023
Volodymyr Paniotto,
KIIS president<br>
02
Sources of conflict - 1 On the one hand, we are currently experiencing an incredible increase in unity and integration of society, with significant reductions in regional and linguistic-ethnic differences. However, old social issues continue to persist, and due to the war, a new basis for social differentiation emerges - the status of wartime: where person was and what he or she was engaged in during the war. 2<br>
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Sources of conflict - 2 Attitude towards Russian culture (classics, monuments, streets)
Russian opposition to Putin ("good Russians")
Ukrainians - ethnic Russians
Russian language in Ukraine
Status of "where you was and what you did during the war":
Served in the military
Did not change your place of residence (primary category)
Moved to another location within Ukraine (internally displaced persons)
Left Ukraine as refugees
Resided in the occupied territory
6. Migrants from less developed countries.
I will only talk about 3 sources (marked in green) 3<br>
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Ukrainian citizens who are of Russian nationality. 4 According to the 2001 census, 17% of Russians lived in Ukraine, according to polls in 2021 - 7%, 2023 – only 2-3%.
37% of the population of Ukraine would not like our citizens, Russians by nationality, to live in Ukraine.<br>
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Refugees 5 About 90% (more precisely, 88%) are tolerant towards those who have left, but 13% (8%+5%)
do not want them to return<br>
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The attitude to refugees 6<br>
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Ukrainians who are in the occupied territory after February 24, 2022 (Occupied-1) 7 90% of respondents are tolerant towards those who are now in the occupied territory, but 13% do not want their return<br>
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Occupied - 2 8 A couple of statements regarding the attitude towards those who currently live in the territories occupied after February 24. Which of these statements is closer to your point of view?<br>
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Occupied - 3 9 Should there be criminal liability in such cases...<br>
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Abstractly, the attitude towards those who are occupied is tolerant, but specific cases are strongly condemned. It is not clear to people what kind of behavior in the occupied territory is acceptable.
Representatives of Ukraine give conflicting signals. Verkhovna Rada Commissioner for Human Rights Dmitry Lubinets says that Ukrainians should take a Russian passport in order to save their own lives, and the Minister for Reintegration of the Temporarily Occupied Territories Irina Vereshchuk says that Russian passports should not be taken. Minister of Education Shkarlet threatened teachers with criminal prosecution.
Our people are under occupation in a terrible situation, the government of Ukraine and we all have to support them. The main message for the population should be that the population of the occupied territories are our fellow citizens who are in trouble and need sympathy and support. As for the collaborators, these are isolated cases that the SBU (security service of Ukraine) should identify and punish in accordance with the law, we should not treat everyone with suspicion because of individual collaborators. 10<br>
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It is necessary to provide them with clear instructions regarding permissible actions and consequences specified in the law on collaboration.
The government should create secure communication channels, such as hotlines or special online platforms, to ensure direct communication with Ukrainians in the occupied territory, legal support, etc.
Sociologists should anticipate possible conflicts that disrupt the unity of the country, and develop recommendations for their elimination or mitigation. 11<br>
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v.paniotto@gmail.com Thank you for your attention<br>
