SUN PROTECTION AND SUNSCREEN PRODUCTS Department

Transcript:SUN PROTECTION AND SUNSCREEN PRODUCTS Department:
SUN PROTECTION AND SUNSCREEN PRODUCTS Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis Sun protection Every skin type needs sun protection To prevent photoaging and wrinkles To prevent skin cancer To prevent hyperpigmentation and brown spots UV Rays (particularly wavelength below 320mµ) are responsible for most of the therapeutic as well as noxious effects that we attribute to sun-light. The UV Spectrum is broken into three parts: Very High Energy (UVC) High Energy (UVB) Low Energy (UVA) Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis Sun protection and Sunscreen products UVA Not blocked by window glass. Penetrates light clothing. Penetrates deeper into the skin. Has more long-term effects than UVB UVB “B” for burn. Cloud cover provides some protection. Intensity varies on Time of day, Season, Weather. UVC Most rays are absorbed by the earth’s atmosphere (blocked by the ozone layer.) More dangerous than UVA and UVB. Causes serious damage to DNA Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis Sun protection and Sunscreen products It has long been known that UVB is the major cause of acute sunburn and tanning . Therefore, sunscreen efficacy is predominantly directed against UVB radiations. In addition, exposure to UVB radiation is immunosuppressive, mutagenic, and carcinogenic. Effects of UVA manifest usually after a long duration of exposure, even if doses are low. UVA up regulates the formation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), enzymes that degrade the matrix protein’s elastin and collagen, which, if not prevented, can result in marked reduction in skin elasticity and increased wrinkling. UVA radiation damages skin by penetrating into the layers of skin and producing reactive oxygen resulting in acute and chronic changes. Studies have shown that UVA impairs the antigen presenting cell (APC) activity of the epidermal cells and thereby causes immune suppression, thus contributing to the growth of skin cancer. The amount of exposure to UVA usually remains constant, whereas UVB exposure occurs more in the summer. Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis Sun protection and Sunscreen products ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AFFECTING THE SKIN: Sunburns: the most common and acute response. Photoaging: the leading cause of skin aging; damage begins as early as in one’s 20’s. Cancer: ultraviolet radiation is a known carcinogen. The effect is cumulative; the more time spent unprotected in the sun over lifetime, the greater the risks. Sunscreen, also known as sunblock or suntan preparations are lotion, spray, gel or other topical products that absorb or reflects the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation and protects the skin. Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis