The Global North-South Debate Paper Name:

Transcript:The Global North-South Debate Paper Name::
The Global North-South Debate Paper Name: Perspectives on International Relations (Core -7) By-Dr. Prabhat Ch. Mohanty Asst. Professor Department of Political Science Introduction The concept of Global North and Global South is used to describe a grouping of countries along socio-economic and political characteristics. The Global south is used to refer the so-called developing countries, that includes Africa, Latin America and developing Asia including middle east. These are newly independent third-world nations in the era of post-Colonization. The Global North is used to refer the so-called developed countries like Norway, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, US, Belgium, Iceland, Japan, Sweden, Netherlands and most of Western Europe. They were colonizers in colonial era. The concept emerged to replace ideological-conflict based world system classification with developmental-conflict based classification of the countries. these terms are not strictly geographical. Development of the terms The first use of Global South in a contemporary political sense was in 1969 by Carl Oglesby, writing in Catholic journal ”Commonweal ” in a special issue on the Vietnam War. The term gained appeal throughout the second half of the 20th century, which rapidly accelerated in the early 21st century. It appeared in fewer than two dozen publications in 2004, but in hundreds of publications by 2013. SSC (South-South Corporation) uses the term Global South to identify themselves and their objective to achieve mutual assistance and solidarity while radically altering world system to reflect their interest and not just interest of the North. The term "Global South", in contrast, was intended to be less hierarchical. The terms were used by governmental and developmental organizations to introduce a more open and value-free alternative to “Third world” and similarly potentially ‘valuing’ terms like “developing countries”. Brandt line The concept of a gap between the Global North and the Global South in terms of development and wealth was given by Williy Brandt in 1980s In the 1980s, the Brandt Line was developed as a way of showing the how the world was geographically split into relatively richer and poorer nations. According to this model: ~Richer countries are almost all located in the Northen Hemisphere, with exception of Australia and New Zealand. ~Poorer countries are mostly located in tropical regions and in the Southern Hemisphere. The North-South Dialogue The North-South Dialogue refers to the process through which the developing and newly independent nations of the "third world," predominantly in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, engaged