TOPIC ON :- PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCY PRESENTED BY :- MISS.RISHIKA KOTHARI SUBJECT :- MENTAL HEALTH NURSING COLLEGE:- JINSAR INTRODUCTION- Psychiatric emergency is a condition wherein the patient has disturbances of thought, affect and
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Presentation Transcript
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TOPIC ON :-
PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCY
PRESENTED BY :-
MISS.RISHIKA KOTHARI
SUBJECT :-
MENTAL HEALTH NURSING
COLLEGE:- JINSAR<br>
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INTRODUCTION-
Psychiatric emergency is a condition wherein the patient has disturbances of thought, affect and psychomotor activity leading to a threat to his existence (suicide), or threat to the people in the environment.
Conditions in which there is alteration in behaviors, emotion or thought, presenting in an acute form, in need of immediate attention and care.<br>
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DEFINITION:-
Psychiatric emergency is an acute disturbance of behavior, thoughts or mood of a patient/client which if untreated may lead to harm, either to the individual or to others in the environment.<br>
DEFINITION :- Suicide is defined as the intentional taking of one’s own life.
Or
Suicide is a type of deliberate self-harm and is defined as an intentional human act of killing oneself.<br>
2. PHYSICAL DISORDERS
-patients with incurable or painful physical disorders like cancer, and AIDS.
3. PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS –
- Failure in examination
- dowry difficulties , marital difficulties.
- loss of loved object
- isolation and alienation from social groups
- financial and occupational difficulties<br>
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RISK FACTORS FOR SUICIDE –
AGE:-
-Males above 40 years of age
- Females above 55 years of age
GENDER:-
-Men have greater risk of completed suicide.
-Suicide is 3 times more common in men than in women.
-Women have higher rate of attempted suicide.
-Being unmarried, divorced , widowed or separated
-Having a definite suicidal plan
-History of previous suicidal attempts
-Recent loss.<br>
Management- 1. Be aware of certain signs which may indicate that the individual may commit suicide, such as;
Suicidal threat
Writing farewell letters
Giving away treasured articles making a will
Closing bank accounts
Appearing peaceful and happy after a period of depression
Refusing to eat or drink, maintain personal hygiene.<br>
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2. Monitoring the patient’s safety needs:
Take all suicidal threats or attempts seriously and notify psychiatrist.
Search for toxic agents such as drugs/ alcohol
Do not leave the drug tray / within reach of the patient, make sure that the daily medication is swallowed.
Remove sharp instruments such as razor blades, knives, glass bottles from his environment.
Remove straps and clothing such as belts , neckties.<br>
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Do not allow the patient to lock his door on the inside, make sure that somebody accompanies him to the bathroom.
Patient should be kept in constant observation and should never be left alone.
Have good vigilance especially during morning hours.
Spend time with him, talk to him , and allow him to ventilate his feelings.
Encourage him to talk about his suicidal plans / methods.
If suicidal tendencies are very severe, sedation should be given as prescribed.<br>
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3.Encourage verbal communication of suicidal ideas as well as his /her fear and depressive thoughts.
4.Enhance self- esteem – of the patient by focusing on his strengths rather than weaknesses<br>
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CONCLUSION – The increasing incidence of alcohol and substance abuse in our country as well as the rise in levels of unipolar depression, have led to an increased number of patients reporting to the emergency care unit. it is necessary for all clinicians to be familiar with common psychiatric emergencies especially suicide attempts and violent behavior and other psychiatric emergencies so as to improve the level of care offered to the patients.<br>
