What interventions are effective in increasing

Transcript:What interventions are effective in increasing:
What interventions are effective in increasing active travel? Eleanor Roaf Harrie Larrington-Spencer Emma Lawlor Background Active travel is when physical activity is incorporated into the practice of travelling (Cook et al., 2022). Previous systematic reviews have tended to look at specific types of intervention, rather than at the relative impact of these. This review included any intervention where the author(s) had a stated aim of increasing active travel. Search Strategy Search terms “active travel” OR bicycling OR cycling OR walking OR wheeling AND “mixed methods” OR intervention OR trial Databases Geobase Embase Web of Science TRID Cochrane Trials (Central) CINAHL Inclusion criteria Only peer-reviewed articles of original primary research were included. Study participants had to be community dwelling. There were no age, gender or language restrictions. Studies had to include pre- and post-measurements of active travel, with data collected in or after 2013. Studies including modelled data only, or purely descriptive studies, were excluded. Studies of e-scooters, motorised wheelchairs, and public transport were excluded although public transport was included if the study included data on active travel. Studies that measured only changes in physical activity (eg step counts) without reference to active travel were excluded. Studies had to assess the impact of the intervention on active travel, using self-report measures (e.g., surveys, travel diaries) and/or objective measures (e.g., wearable device data, observations, on-bike systems). Measures could be counts, or frequency, duration, or distance of active travel. PRISMA summary Number of studies by type of intervention Findings: studies involving children/schools Findings: social/behavioural interventions Findings: studies offering practical support for cycling Providing an e-bike or e-bike rental scheme seems to be more effective than offering pedal bicycles. Loans or subsidies of e-bikes showed a positive effect on cycling rates and reduced car usage Loans of pedal bicycles seem to work for people who self-refer into programmes or who have very limited access to other forms of transport. Bicycle sharing schemes that are linked to good infrastructure may be more effective, but people need to both live and work in areas of good infrastructure. . Findings from studies including infrastructure changes Environmental changes tended to be more effective than social/behavioural ones, Multi-component interventions, and those covering a larger area, appear to have the biggest impact Interventions did not always have the same impact on women as on men. Most studies of environmental changes focussed on the needs of cyclists rather than pedestrians. Some