PPT-Ocean sulfate scarcity as a pre-condition for Large Igneous Province driven mass

extinction Rob Newton Tianchen He Jacopo Dal Corso Paul Wignall Ben Mills Alex Dunhill Highlighting an idea presented in He et al 2020 Science Advances DOI 101126sciadvabb6704. Hot rocks/Fire Rocks. Igneous Rock . Igneous rocks form . when molten rock cools and solidifies. . Molten rock is called magma when it is below the Earth’s surface and lava when it is above.. when molten rock cools and solidifies. ROCKS AND THE ROCK CYCLE. INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK. Formed under the surface of the earth. Formed from cooling magma. Cools slowly. Forms medium mineral grains. Granite is a light-colored . igneous rock. Stephanie Seneff. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. MIT. WAPF Wise Traditions Conference. November 11, 2011. Outline. Introduction. Dietary deficiencies. Inadequate sunlight. Sulfate in fetal development. “Liquid Hot Magma!”. Igneous Rocks. Rocks formed from cooling of lava or magma. Lava-Melted rock erupted from volcanoes and deposited on the earth’s surface. Cools quickly.. Magma-Melted rock that sits inside the earth in a magma chamber. Cools slowly.. Igneous. rocks form from the solidification or crystallization of minerals in molten material.. If the rock form below the Earth’s surface it is considered . magma. Molten rock that hardens on the Earth’s surface is called . Scarcity. The . basic economic problem that arises because people have unlimited wants but resources are limited. Because of scarcity, various economic decisions must be made to allocate resources efficiently. . Syenite, Phonolite, . Ijolite. , Carbonatite, Ultramafic Rocks and Lamprophyre. 2. IUGS Intrusive Igneous Rock Chart . 3. General Intrusive Rocks Classification. . 4. Position on IUGS Diagram. Syenites are on the border between the QAP and the APF triangles. Molten material (aka magma or lava) cools. . L. ava . above the Earth’s surface. M. agma . below the Earth’s . surface. Where . - . Intrusive . Igneous . Rock. IN. trusive. . – . IN. SIDE . the Earth . McCusker. ~ Cecilia . Bitz. June 5, 2012. Effects of . GeoEngineering. . on the. Southern Ocean. Reuters. A Tale of Two. . Geoengineering. Strategies. increase the earth’s reflectance . with stratospheric sulfate aerosols. Sedimentary-sandstone. Metamorphic- gneiss. Igneous- diorite. 1. What is a Rock?. Naturally Occurring . (not man made). Solid. Mixture of minerals other organic matter. 2. What makes a rock different from a mineral?. Compare these pictures, can you determine how old she is? . What is the difference between these two images?. What is the difference between these two images?. Definitions . Now take 10 minutes to look up extrusive and intrusive, what do these words mean? . Chapter 1.1. Choices and Decision Making:. The study of economic begins with the idea that people cannot have everything they . need. and . want. .. Need. : . Anything that is necessary for survival.. Metamorphic. Rock. What is it made up of?. Sand, clay, silt, organic matter (fossils). How is it formed (process)?. Weathering. (wind, flowing water, ice, living organisms) create sediment. Erosion. As magma cools underground, it will begin to solidify within Earth’s crust.. Once completely crystallized, these masses of igneous intrusive rock are referred to as INTRUSIONS or as PLUTONS. We will talk about several types of igneous .