/
APA Guidelines		 A brief review for Organizational Leadership APA Guidelines		 A brief review for Organizational Leadership

APA Guidelines A brief review for Organizational Leadership - PowerPoint Presentation

yoshiko-marsland
yoshiko-marsland . @yoshiko-marsland
Follow
345 views
Uploaded On 2018-09-17

APA Guidelines A brief review for Organizational Leadership - PPT Presentation

Learning Objectives Expectations of graduate level writing Introduce and define APA format Provide general guidelines for APA formatted paper Outline specific format and style requirements with references to the appropriate pages in the APA manual 6 ID: 668782

title author apa page author title page apa number text amp date article quote quotation references citation signal publication

Share:

Link:

Embed:

Download Presentation from below link

Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "APA Guidelines A brief review for Orga..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.


Presentation Transcript

Slide1

APA Guidelines

A brief review for Organizational LeadershipSlide2

Learning Objectives

Expectations of graduate level writing

Introduce and define APA format

Provide general guidelines for APA formatted paper

Outline specific format and style requirements, with references to the appropriate pages in the APA manual (6

th

Ed.)

NOTE: This is an overview, not everything. Please use the

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Associate (

6

th

edition) to answer all questions. This should be used for all writing assignments, unless the professor says otherwise.Slide3

What is APA?

The American Psychological Associate (APA) citation style is the most commonly used format for manuscripts in the social sciences.

APA Regulates:

Stylistics

In-text Citations

ReferencesSlide4

APA Documentation Style

The BasicsSlide5

General Instructions for Preparing a Paper

Section 8.03, p. 228

Typeface 12 point Times New Roman

Double Spaced

Margins are 1 inch on all sides

Page numbers in upper right-hand corner, starting on title pageTwo spaces at the end of a sentence, recommendedRemember, title of paper is repeated on first line of text (Page two, generally).Slide6

Title Page

The header now includes the Running head: IN

UPPER CASE

(max of 50 characters, including spaces)

But

on subsequent pages the words - Running head is not there.

In

Word 2007+, once you are in header, use different first

page tool

to create this.

Title

Page

Title

Name

Institutional AffiliationSlide7

Title PageSlide8

Set up Running Head and Page Number

Your Running head will appear flush left while the page number will

appear in

the upper right hand corner of each page.

Note

: Upper case “R” and lower case “h”, not italicized, with the colon.

For Page 1 (Title Page)

Step

1 - Select Insert > Header

Step

2 - Click on Header. From the box that appears, go to

the bottom

and select Edit Header. Click “Different First Page” in

the Options

section.

Step

3 - Select Page Number, Top of page and from the list

given, choose

the page number that is top right (Plain Number 3).

Step

4 -The number one (1) will appear on your page to the

right. Type

"Running head:", and, in caps, your abbreviated title. Hit

the space

bar once. From the

Position section

on the toolbar, click

on "Insert

Alignment Tab." From the box that appears, choose "Right

.“ Close

the Header box using the link in the top right corner.Slide9

Set up Running Head and Page Number

For Page 2:

Step

1 - Select Insert > Header

Step

2 - Click on Header. From the box that appears, go to the bottom and select Edit Header.Step 3 - Select Page Number, Top of page and from the

list given

, choose the page number that is top right (Plain

Number 3

).

Step

4 -The number two (2) will appear on your page to

the right

. Type, in caps, your abbreviated title (do not

type "Running

head:”. Hit the space bar once. From the

Position section

on the toolbar, click on "Insert Alignment Tab."

From the

box that appears, choose "Right." Close the Header

box using

the link in the top right corner.Slide10

Levels

Use levels consecutively, meaning that, if your paper has

three levels

, use levels 1, 2, and 3

Levels

have slightly different formattingSlide11

NOTE:

1. You probably will not use

this many

headings in a

paper (unless

you are composing lengthy work like a thesis/dissertation).2. The Introduction does not need

a heading.

3. There should be (at least)

2 subheadings/subsection under a

heading; if not, it

isn’t needed

. Remember, you

must have

2 or more subsectionsSlide12

Parenthetical & In-text References

Pages 174 - 179Slide13

Parenthetical & In-text References

Whenever you summarize, paraphrase or quote another

author, you

MUST include source.

A

parenthetical reference will usually have the author's last name (or an abbreviated title if no author) and the publishing date of

the work

. A page number (or paragraph number for electronic

sources without

pages) is included if the borrowed material is a quotation.

These

parts act as tags to inform the reader what information

has been

borrowed and from

whom.

When

you write (Hunt, Hughey & Burke, 2010) at the end of

the sentence

, the reader know that you have borrowed or

summarized ideas

from an article by Hunt, Hughey and Burke published in

2010 and

that the full citation to that work can be found in the

Reference list

at the end of your paper.Slide14

Citing within text

For the specifics of citing references in text, refer to Sections 6.11 through 6.21 in the APA Manual.

Paraphrasing

within text:

In a 1989 article, Gould explores some of Darwin’s

most effective metaphors.

Author cited in text:

Gould (1989) attributed Darwin’s success to his gift

for making

the appropriate metaphor.

Author not cited in text:

As metaphors for the workings of nature, Darwin

used the

tangled bank, the tree of life, and the face of

nature (Gould

, 1989).

Multiple

works within same parenthesis

Several

studies (

Balda

, 1980;

Kammil

,

1988;

Pepperberg

& Funk, 1990) confirm the use

of metaphors

increases learning.Slide15

One work with multiple authors

First citation in text:

Wasserstein

,

Zappula

, Rosen, German, and Rock (1994) found. . .The use of metaphors was found to be helpful (

Wasserstein,

Zappula

, Rosen, German, & Rock, 1994)

Subsequent citations (3 or more authors):

Wasserstein

and colleagues (1994) found

Wasserstein

et al. (1994) found

The

use of metaphors was found to be helpful (Wasserstein et al

., 1994

)

*(See Table 6.1 of the APA Manual)Slide16

Citation from secondary source

Text:

Seidenberg and

McCelland’s

study (as cited in Coltheart,

Curtis, Atkins, & Haller, 1993).Reference page:

Coltheart, M., Curtis, B., Atkins, P., & Haller, M. (1993).

Models of

reading aloud: Dual-route and

parallel-distributed-processing approaches

. Psychological Review, 100, 589-608.

Use sparingly!Slide17

In-Text Citations

New section about electronic sources without

pagination in

APA Manual (6th edition).

para

. should be used for electronic sources without pagination in place of ¶(Golan, 2007, para. 3).

If

no para. number, cite heading and number

of paragraphs

after it

(

Discussion section, para.1).Slide18

Common Knowledge

in APA Papers

Source: APA Manual, p. 169

All facts which are not common knowledge to the general population

must be

cited.Facts that are consistently found in multiple references are

considered “common

knowledge,” even if it is a piece of information you personally

did not

know prior to your research.

Examples

:

Sante

Fe is the capital of New Mexico

Leukemia

is a form of cancer.

Abraham

Lincoln was the US President during the Civil War.

You

would not need to cite, for example, that pneumonia is a respiratory

illness that

often results in hospitalization. However, you would want to cite the

source for

the percentage of women who are diagnosed every year with breast

cancer, which

would not be common knowledge for every reader.Slide19

Common Knowledge???

In

both 2000 and 2001, the most popular name given to baby girls in

the United

States was Emily.

Common Knowledge or Needs Citation?NEEDS

CITATION. Although readers may have anecdotal evidence of the popularity

of particular

baby names, certain knowledge of the number one name generally

requires investigation

. The source should be cited.

Babe

Ruth’s record for home runs in a single season was not broken

for decades

.

Common

Knowledge or Needs Citation?

COMMON

KNOWLEDGE. This fact is widely known even outside of the field of

baseball (or

sports), information about major records in sports is found in many different sources.

When

the Homestead Act took effect, granting 160 acres of western land

to any

head of a

householdmale

or female– who would live there and

improve it

for five years, women filed 10% of the claims.

Common

Knowledge or Needs Citation?

NEEDS

CITATION. While the existence of the Homestead Act might be

considered common

knowledge, the statistical fact that women filed 10% of the claims must be cited.Slide20

Quoting and Paraphrasing

Pages 170 - 173Slide21

Using quotations appropriately

Limit

your use of quotations. Do not quote excessively. Often you

can integrate

words or phrases from a source into your own

sentence structure.As researchers continue to face a number of unknowns about obesity,

it may

be helpful to envision treating the disorder as

Yanovski

and

Yanovski

(2002

) suggested, “in the same manner as any other chronic disease” (

p. 592

).

Use

the ellipsis mark to condense a quoted passage.

What remains

must be grammatically complete.

Roman (2003) reported that “social factors are nearly as significant

as individual

metabolism in the formation of … dietary habits

of adolescents

” (p.345).

Ordinarily

, do not use an ellipsis mark at the beginning or at the end of

a quotation

(unless dropped words are at the end of the final quoted sentence-

-- put

ellipsis dots before the closing quotation marks).Slide22

Quotes within text

Direct quote from

author:

Gould

(1989) explains that Darwin used the metaphor of

the tree of life “to express the other form of interconnectedness-genealogical rather than ecological-and to illustrate both success

and failure in the history of life” (p.14).

Direct quote without name of author:

Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life “to express

the other

form of interconnectedness-genealogical rather

than ecological

” (Gould, 1989, p.14).Slide23

Punctuation Tips for Parenthetical

References

Periods & Commas

Periods or commas usually go inside the quotation marks. (

This is

true even if the original quoted material did not end with a period or a comma). Thompson (1998, p. 32) describes Esme as "a

real charmer."

Exception

: If there is a parenthetical citation

immediately after

the quote, the period or comma goes after

the parenthetical

citation.

Thompson

(1998) describes Esme as "a real charmer" (p. 32).Slide24

Question Marks, Exclamation Points

If the quote itself ends with an exclamation mark or a question

mark, include

it inside the quotation marks.

Here's

a passage from a book: Will not a righteous God visit for these

things?

Here's

the passage quoted in a sentence

: When

Douglass (

1845) asks

, "Will not a righteous God visit for these things?" he raises

the question

of doubt about the future salvation of the "

Christian“ slaveholders

(p. 55).

If you want to use a quoted statement in a question or exclamation

of your

own, then the question mark or the exclamation mark

goes outside

the quotation marks.

Here‘s a

a passage from a book

: The

grave is at the door.

Here's

the passage quoted in a sentence: How can we

take Douglass

seriously when he indulges in excessively

romanticized language

such as "The grave is at the door" (Douglass, 1845, p. 55)?Slide25

Quotes within Quotes

One of the messiest types of quotes to punctuate is a quote

within a

quote. Sometimes you may want to use quoted dialogue or

a quote

that includes a word set off by quotation marks. To mark a quotation within the text, enclose it in single quotation marks: ' . ‘Here's

a passage from a book: I got hold of a book entitled "

The Columbian

Orator."

Here's

the passage quoted in a sentence: Because

Douglass "got

hold of a book entitled 'The Columbian Orator,'" he was able

to learn

how to read and broaden his mind.

Notice

that the comma at the end of the quote goes inside

the single

and double quotes.Slide26

Block Quotes

Setting off long quotations

. When

you quote forty

or more

words, set off the quotation by indenting it one-half inch from the left margin and do not single space.Introduce by an informative sentence, usually followed by

a colon

. Quotation marks are not needed.Slide27

Block quotes

APA prefers that you set off long quotes (40 or more words) in what

is called

a "block quote," which physically separates the quote from the

rest of

the paragraph.

To create a block quote:

Indent

the whole block of text five spaces from the regular margin.

The

block quote is usually preceded by a colon.

There

are no quotation marks around the quoted text.

Give

the parenthetical reference at the end of the block quote, then start a new line

and continue

typing your paper.Slide28

Using Brackets

Brackets

allow you to insert your own

words into

quoted material to clarify a confusing reference or to

make the quoted words fit grammatically into the context of your writing

. When writers insert or alter words in a

direct quotation

, square brackets—[ ]—are placed around the

change. Additionally

, use to indicate an error such as a misspelling in

a quotation

. --- [sic]

Original

: "I returned there yesterday, 2 hours after it happened"

Quote

: The criminal admitted: "I returned [to the crime scene] yesterday, 2 hours

after [the

murder] happened“

Original

direct quotation beginning with an upper case letter:

The heavy cognitive workload of driving suggests that any secondary task has

the potential

to affect driver behavior” (

Salvucci

and

Taatgen

108).

Integrated

quotation with brackets used correctly to indicate a change in letter case:

Salvucci

and

Taatgen

propose that “[t]he heavy cognitive workload of driving

suggests that

any secondary task has the potential to affect driver behavior” (108). Slide29

Signal Phrases

Use Signal Phrases. Whenever you include a direct

quote, a

paraphrase, or a summary in your paper, prepare

readers for

it with a signal phrase.Marking boundaries. Avoid dropping quotations into your text

without warning. Signal phrases mark the

boundaries between

source material and your own words and ideas.

As researchers

Yanovski

and

Yanovski

(2002) have

explained, obesity

was once considered “either a moral failing or

evidence or

underlying psychopathology” (p. 592).

To

avoid monotony, try to vary both the language and

the placement

of your signal phrase

.

Signal phrases introduce someone else’s work – they signal that the words and ideas that are about to be offered belong to someone other than the author of the paper.Slide30

In-Text Citation and Signal Phrases

In-text

citations are the parenthetical pieces of

information that

appear usually at the end of a quote, paraphrase,

or summary (though they sometimes appear before).A

simple rule:

Author or Title, Year, and Page: what isn’t signaled up front

must be

cited at the

end.

Limited signal, everything in citation

. . . end of paraphrased sentence, in which you convey the author's ideas in your own words (

Krepp

, 1985, p. 103).

" . . . end of quoted sentence" (

Krepp

, 1985, p. 103).

Author and year in signal, page in citation

In 1985,

Krepp

reported that . . . (p. 103).

Krepp

(1985) tells us that . . . (p. 103).

According to

Krepp

(1985), ". . ." (p. 103).

Documenting sources at SNHU: APA style. (

n.d.

). Southern New Hampshire University. Retrieved September 17, 2007 from http://acadweb.snhu.edu/documenting_sources/apa.htm#Use%20a%20citation%20when%20you%20paraphraseSlide31

Signal Phrases and In-Text Citation (continued)

Multiple Authors signaled (Alphabetical)

Studies (Jones, 1966;

Krepp

, 1985; Smith,

1973) have shown that . . .No

Author

("Stocks Lose Again," 1991, p. B16).

According to the news article “Stocks Lose Again

” (

1991) … end paraphrase or “quote” (p. B16).

No

Page Number

Provide other information in signal

phrase

When citing a statistic and other specific facts,

a signal

phrase is often not necessary but there

is nothing

wrong, however, with using a

signal phrase

.

In purely financial term, the drugs cost more than $3 a day

on average

(

Duenwald

, 2004).

Duenwald

(2004) pointed out that in purely financial terms,

the drugs

cost more than $3 a day on average.Slide32

Here's a list of signal phrases that help introduce

quotes, summaries

or paraphrases (from St. Martin's Guide):

admits

, agrees, argues, asserts, believes,

claims, compares, confirms, contends, denies, emphasizes, insists, notes, observes, points out, reasons, refutes, rejects, reports, responds, replies, suggests,

thinks, writes

In

addition to the above list of verbs, there are other phrases

you might

use:

In

_____'s words...

According

to ____'s (notes, study, narrative,

novel, etc

.)...Slide33

ReferencesSlide34

References

References

are listed on separate page.

Only

citations that appear in the text should appear on

the reference page.Everything cited in the text should appear on the reference page.References

are double-spaced, flush left with subsequent

lines indented

5 spaces.

Pages

180-224.Slide35

Documentation

Refers to the References list at the end of the paper

The

List

is

labeled References (centered, no font changes)starts at the top of a new pagecontinues

page numbering from the last page of text

is

alphabetical

is

double spaced

Uses

a hanging indent (1/2 inch – can be formatted from

the Paragraph

dialog box in MS Word)

Perrin, R. (2007). Pocket guide to APA style (2nd ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Slide36

General Rules:

Include the

doi

(digital object identifier)

if available

for online sources. If no doi is available, include

the URL for the website (if applicable).

It

is no longer necessary to include the

database title

or access date if the article is retrieved from

a subscription

source.

Titles

of books and journals appear in italics.

Article

titles and titles of book chapters,

essays, and

short stories do NOT appear in "quotes."

If

an author isn't given, begin with the corporate author (the sponsoring organization) or the title.

Give

the initials of the author's first and middle name rather than spelling out the full name.

If

there are multiple authors, the single-author entries with the same surname precede

the multiple-author

entries

If

you have multiple works written by the same author, arrange your citations by the years

of publications

with the earliest date appearing first. If the works have the same year of

publication alphabetize

by title.

Include

the publisher's city and abbreviated state, except if the publisher is a university and

the name

of the state is included in the name of the university

.Slide37

CAUTION!

Use Only

Professionally Respected

Material

Be

careful if searching the Web in general: make sure that the material you plan to use is

respected

,

scholarly

, and

valid

.

Do NOT use Wikipedia.

Ebsco

Host and ERIC are

respected repositories

of scholarly materials

.

Do NOT Self-Plagiarize.

Do NOT Plagiarize. Slide38

Periodicals

General format:

Author, A. A (year, add month and date of publication for daily or

weekly publications

). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue

), pages.

Example

:

Little, D. W. (200l). Leading change: Creating the future

for education technology

. Syllabus International, 15(5), 22-24.Slide39

Book, edition, multiple authors

General format:

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (year of publication). Title

of work

:

Capital letter also for subtitle (number ed.). Location City, State Abbreviation: Publisher.

Example

:

Anderson, A. B., Smith, S. D., & Jones, J. C. (1978). A

distant mirror

: The

calamitous

fourteenth century (3rd ed.).

New York

, NY: Knopf.Slide40

Chapter in Book

General format:

Author, A. A. (date of publication). Title of chapter. In A. Editor (Ed.), Title of book (

pages of

chapter). Location: Publisher.

Example:

James, J. E. (1988). Two sides of paradise: The Eden myth according to Kirk

and Spock

. In D.

Palumbo

(Ed.), Spectrum of the fantastic (pp. 219-223

). Westport

, CT: Greenwood.

Note with references to chapters in the book that the

Author

of chapter—last name, initials

Editor

of book—initials and last name

1. Pages of chapter—use pp.

2. Chapter—not in italics

3. Book—italicsSlide41

References: Electronic Sources

Add

as much information as print sources in the same order.

Do

not need the retrieval date unless source may change

over time.Add “Retrieved from” before a URL

Shotton

, M. A. (1998). Computer addiction? A study of

computer dependency

.

Retrieved

from http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk.asp

No

period at endSlide42

Digital Object Identifiers (DOI)

DOIs are unique strings

of numbers

used to identify

online articles

’ content and provide a persistent link to their location on the Internet.

1. When DOIs are present,

no longer

have to include URL.

2. When DOIs are not

present, include URL

Typically

located on first page of electronic journal article,

near copyright

notice; also on the database landing page for

article

Use

for BOTH electronic and print if available

Herbst-Damm

, K. L., &

Kulik

, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times

of terminally

ill patients. Health Psychology, 24(2), 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225

doi

comes last

No

period at endSlide43

Online periodical when DOI is present

General format:

Author, A. A. (date). Title of article. Title of

Journal, volume(number

), page numbers.

doi: xx.xxxxxxxExample:

Herbst-Damm

, K. L., &

Kulik

, J. A. (2005

). Volunteer

support, marital status, and

the survival

times of terminally ill

patients. Health

Psychology, 24, 225-229.

doi

: 10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225Slide44

Online article when DOI is not present

General format:

Author, A. A. (date of publication). Title of article Title of

Journal, volume(number

), page numbers. Retrieved from URL

Example:Sillick, T. J., &

Schutte

, N. S. (2006).

Emotional intelligence

and self-esteem mediate

between perceived

early parental love and adult

happiness. Applied

Psychology, 2(2), 38-48. Retrieved

from http

://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejapSlide45

Documenting Authors

One

Author:

Koch Jr., R. T. (2004).

Two

Authors:Stewart, T., & Biffle, G. (1999).

Three

to Six Authors

Wells, H. G., Lovecraft, H. P., Potter, H. J., Rowling, J. K., & Kirk, J. T

. (

2005).

More

than Six Authors

Smith, M., Flanagan, F., Judd, A., Burstyn, E., Bullock, S., Knight, S., et al

. (

2002).

Same

author? List by Year. Same year? Alphabetize by source

title and

add a letter to the year (1984a).Slide46

Documenting Books

Model:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication).

Title of

book

. City: Publisher.Sample:Perrin, R. (2007).

Pocket guide to APA style

(2nd ed.).

Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Internationally

recognized cities do not need two

letter state

abbreviations. Publishers do not need Co. Ltd

., etc

.Slide47

Documenting Edited Collections

Model:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Eds.). (Date of publication).

Title of book

.

City: Publisher.Model for an essay in an edited collection:Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. In A.A.

Author (Ed

.),

Title of book

(pp. ##-##). City: Publisher.

Sample:

McCabe, S. (2005). Psychopharmacology and other biologic treatments. In M. A.

Boyd (Ed

.),

Psychiatric nursing: Contemporary practice

(pp.124-138). Philadelphia:

Lippincott-Williams

and Wilkins.Slide48

Documenting Journals

Model:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication).

Title of

article.

Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number if available), page numbers.

Sample:

Koch Jr., R. T. (2006). Building connections

through reflective

writing.

Academic Exchange Quarterly,

10(3

), 208-213

.Slide49

Documenting Online Journals

Model:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article.

Title of

Journal, volume

number. Retrieved month date, year, from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/Sample:

Kenneth, I. A. (2000). A Buddhist response to the nature of human rights.

Journal

of Buddhist

Ethics,

8. Retrieved February 20, 2001,

from http

://www.cac.psu.edu/jbe/twocont.html

Print and Online:

Whitmeyer

, J.M. (2000). Power through appointment [Electronic version].

Social

Science Research

,

29, 535-555.Slide50

Documenting Websites

Model for an authored document that is a whole site:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of

article/document. Retrieved

month date, year, from http://Web address

Model for an authored page/article from a site:Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article/document. Title

of Site

. Retrieved month date, year, from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

Sample (no author, article found on resource website):

Nebraska school nurse honored during 100th Anniversary Celebration. (2007

). Answers4Families

. Retrieved September 26, 2007, from http://

nncf.unl.edu/nurses/info/anniversary.html

No Author? List page title or article title first. No page title? List site title.Slide51

Personal Communications

Such as:

Private

letters

Memos

Email(s)

Non-archived

discussion boards

Personal

interviews

Phone

conversations

Cite personal communications in text only. You do not have

to include

in the Reference list.

Give initials as well as the surname of the communicator

and provide

as exact a date as possible.

APA Manual:6.20Slide52

Most of the original slides from this PowerPoint come from:

Burke

, Monica (2016). APA writing workshop handout

powerpoint

[PDF Document

].Dr. Burke was kind enough to let me use the PowerPoint, and gave permission for me to use direct slides.Slide53

Resources

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the

American Psychological Association

(6th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Author.

Hacker

, D. & Sommers, N. (2012). A Pocket Style Manual (6th ed.). Boston,

Massachusetts: Bedford/St

. Martin’s.

APA Website: www.apastyle.org

http://www.liberty.edu/media/2030/APApresentation.ppt

http://gseacademic.harvard.edu/~instruct/articulate/apa_mod/APA_Module1/player.html

www.aug.edu/elcse/2010APAGuidelinesPPT.ppt

http://www.lib.usm.edu/legacy/tutorials/apatutorialSlide54

Additional Information

SAMPLE PAPER

http

://www.liberty.edu/media/2030/Sample_APA_Paper_UWP.pdf

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

http://www.liberty.edu/media/2030/Literature_Review_Handout_Final.pdfFYIhttp://

isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=apa_exposed

http://

www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-guide-on-references.aspx

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/