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Chapter 11 Wall and Ceiling Framing Chapter 11 Wall and Ceiling Framing

Chapter 11 Wall and Ceiling Framing - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2018-10-26

Chapter 11 Wall and Ceiling Framing - PPT Presentation

Identify the main parts of a wall frame Explain methods of forming the outside corners and partition intersections of wall frames Show how rough openings are handled in wall construction Explain plate and stud layout ID: 697840

framing wall studs ceiling wall framing ceiling studs walls joists construction headers sheathing frame plate blocking support corners partitions

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1
Slide2

Chapter

11

Wall and Ceiling FramingSlide3

Identify the main parts of a wall frame.

Explain methods of forming the outside corners and partition intersections of wall frames.Show how rough openings are handled in wall construction.Explain plate and stud layout.Describe the construction and erection of wall sections and partitions.

ObjectivesSlide4

List the materials commonly used for sheathing.

Demonstrate the process of ceiling frame construction.Explain the benefits of using advanced framing.Explain what SIPs are and how they are erected.Estimate materials required for wall frames, ceiling frames, sheathing, studs, and headers.

Objectives (Cont.)Slide5

Vertical and horizontal members that support outside and inside walls

Also supports upper floors, ceilings, and roofPartitions do not carry any structural loadNail sizes often referred to by length and gaugeWall FramingSlide6

Parts of Wall Frame

Sole plates, top plates, studs, headers, and sheathing are used in platform constructionTrimmer studs bear direct weight of headerOSB or plywood used for exterior walls provides rigiditySlide7

Corners

Corners are formed when sidewall and end wall are joinedUse straight studs onlyCan be built from Three full studs

Blocking or no blocking

2

×

6 framing with 2

×

4 for inside cornerSlide8

Partition Intersections

Should be solidly fastened to outside wallsInstall extra studs in outside wall and attach partitionInsert blocking and nailers between regular studsUse blocking between regular studs and attach nailers or backup clipsSlide9

Rough Openings

Sizes are listed in door and window scheduleHeaders support weight of building across door and window openingsHeaders are also required across openings in load-bearing partitions

Kasten-Weiler ConstructionSlide10

Alternate Header Construction

Flat blocking can replace cripple studsHeader size can be increased to completely fill space to plateShrinkage may cause cracks above openingsSlide11

Headers are often sized to fill space above rough openings

Thermal bridge may resultAdd layer of rigid foam insulation between header’s layers or to exterior faceThinking GreenSlide12

Sole plates, top plates are same size as studs

Length is size that can be easily lifted off floorAttach sheathing after wall is up if lifted by handLocate joints over studsCarefully check layouts before cutting and framing

Plate LayoutSlide13

Second Exterior

Stud WallFollow same procedure as first outside wallFirst stud from corner post must allow edge of panel to be flush with outside edge of sidingSlide14

Long measuring stick created on job

Represents wall frame with height markings for horizontal membersStory PoleSlide15

Wall Sections

Assembled on edges on rough flooringPlates, studs, headers, and rough sills are nailed in placeWall sheathing is often applied to frame before it is raisedSlide16

Wall Sheathing

Applied before roof framing has begunAdds strength and rigidity to wall frameMaterialsPlywood

OSB

ZIP System

GypsumSlide17

Erecting Wall Sections

One-story wall sections can be raised by handLarge sections require crane or other equipmentTemporary diagonal bracing may be usedMake adjustments in position of sole plate before nailing

North Bennett Street School, BostonSlide18

Be sure wall section is in correct location before

raising itHave bracing ready to be attachedHave extra help available for large sectionsMake sure each worker knows what to do

Safety NoteSlide19

Partitions

Built when outside wall frame is completeBearing partitions support ceiling and roofRoof and floor trusses require no other support than outside walls

Kasten-Weiler ConstructionSlide20

Nonbearing Partitions

Do not require headers above openingsMay be soundproofedOpenings for heating ducts are cut and framedExtra joists and blocking support bath tubsSlide21

Plumbing in Walls

May require special constructionPartitions may have to be widerLateral runs of pipe may require drilling holes or notching studs

North Bennett Street School, BostonSlide22

Bracing

Needed so exterior walls can resist lateral (sideways) loadsMetal strap bracing is widely usedPlywood and OSB shear panels may be used for strength and rigiditySlide23

Double Top Plate

Adds support under ceiling joists and raftersLap-jointed for strength wherever they intersectMetal ties help secure building to its foundation for stronger frameSlide24

Walls need to be straightened and braced between corners

Tack one block at each end of wallTightly stretch line between two blocksUsing third block as gauge, align wall and brace itManufactured braces can also be used to align walls

Straightening WallsSlide25

Use platform type of construction

Floor joists for upper levels may be carried on ribbons let into studsPlans prescribe type of constructionAccurate story poles show full-size layouts of vertical distances for all levelsTri-Level and Split-Level

FramingSlide26

Special Framing

Structures may have features that require special framingBay windows may be prefabricated or built by carpenterSoffits close in space between ceiling and tops of cabinetsSlide27

Multistory Floor Framing

Framing upper floors is similar to framing first floorJoists are placed on top of double plate along with headersJoists may be fastened to plate with steel anchors or toenailedSlide28

Ceiling Framing

System of support for all components of ceilingCeiling joist sizes are determined by span and spacingCeiling joists usually run across narrow dimension of structure

Kasten-Weiler ConstructionSlide29

Parallel Ceiling Joists

Outside members may interfere with roof slopeStub ceiling joists are butted to full-length joists in such areasSpecial blocking is used to anchor partitions to ceiling frameSlide30

Strongbacks

L-shaped supports constructed of 2″ lumberAttached across tops of joists to strengthen them

Even up bottom edges of joists so ceiling is not wavy after drywall is appliedSlide31

Advanced Framing

Uses 2 × 6 studs spaced 24″ O.C.

Uses structural OSB or plywood

Replaces wood with insulation wherever practical

Constructs corners so they can be fully insulatedSlide32

Thermal envelope protective shell

Curbs unwanted air leakageAllows energy conservationAdvanced framing techniques (AFTs) Minimize wasteEliminate redundant lumber use without weakening structures

Thinking GreenSlide33

Structural Insulated Panels

Panels made with OSB or plywood sheathing on exteriorInsulating foam coreStructural panel

OSB on inside (usually)

Can be used for walls and roofs

Walls can be assembled and then hoisted into placeSlide34

Housewrap

Thin, tough, plastic sheet material applied to exterior wallsPrevents movement of air into or out of buildingPrevents water from entering structureAllows interior water vapor to escapeSlide35

Wall and ceiling framing materials

Find total lineal feet of wallsAdd length of each wall and partitionPlatesMultiply total figure by three for double top plate Multiply by two for single top plate

Add about 10% for waste

Estimating MaterialsSlide36

Count one stud (spaced 16

″ O.C.) for each lineal foot of wall spaceMaterial for headers must be calculated by analyzing requirements for each openingCeiling joists are estimated by same method used for floor joists

Estimating StudsSlide37

Estimating Example

Measurements240′′wall length

12 corners

10 intersections

20 openings

Framing is 16

O.C.Slide38

Begin by identifying which headers will be doubled or built-up

If trimmers are being used, add 3″ (1 1/2″ for trimmer at each side of opening)For LVL, add several inches to total for saw kerfs

For dimensional lumber, add all lengths and divide by 10 to find number of 10

pieces required

Estimating HeadersSlide39

Find total perimeter of structure

Multiply figure by wall height to find gross square footageDivide by square footage per sheetNet area = 1060 sq. ft.Fiberboard sheet size = 4

×

8

= 32

sq. ft.

No. of sheets needed = 1060

÷

32 = 33.1 (round up

to 34)

Estimating

Wall SheathingSlide40

Construction Careers

Framing CarpenterWorks with wood to fabricate floors, walls, and roof framingWorks for building or specialty contractors or is self-employedAcquires skills through

On-the-job training

Vocational school programs

Apprenticeships

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