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CS 115: COMPUTING FOR The Socio-Techno Web CS 115: COMPUTING FOR The Socio-Techno Web

CS 115: COMPUTING FOR The Socio-Techno Web - PowerPoint Presentation

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CS 115: COMPUTING FOR The Socio-Techno Web - PPT Presentation

The fun and the fear of Online Social Networks Today Sociotechno web wrapup Social networks six degrees of separation tie strength homophily Social algorithms filter bubble personalization bias ID: 755367

wellesley number bacon social number wellesley social bacon erd

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Slide1

CS 115: COMPUTING FOR The Socio-Techno Web

The fun and the fear of Online Social Networks Slide2

Today

Socio-techno web wrap-up:Social networks: six degrees of separation, tie strength, homophily

Social algorithms: filter bubble, personalization, bias

Where to go from here:

Redo questions from into questionnaireDigital humanities at Wellesley

Other CS classes at WellesleySlide3

SOCIAL GraphsSlide4

Diameter

1

2

8

3

7

4

5

6

Definition

: The

diameter

of a graph is the

maximum shortest-path distance between any two nodes.

The diameter is 3

.Slide5

The diameter of a social network is small.

Milgram

s experiment (1960s).

Ask someone to pass a letter to another person via friends knowing only the name, address, and occupation of the target.Slide6

Small world phenomenon

Bob, a farmer in Nebraska

David, mayor of Bob

s town

Bernard, David

s cousin who went to college with

Maya, who grew up in Boston

With LashawnSlide7

Milgram: Six Degrees of Separation

296 People in Omaha, NE, were given a letter,

asked to try to reach a stockbroker in Sharon, MA,

via personal acquaintances

20% reached target

average number of

hops

in the completed chains = 6.5

Why are chains so short?

I know!

Exponential growth of friends!Slide8

Today we can measure this with

2 billion people

The majority of Facebook users (~2 billion people) have an average between 3 and 4 steps.Slide9

Why are Chains so Short?

If I count my friends

’ friends

’ friends…

1

2

2

2

2

d

+

diameter = log n

2

d+1

- 1Slide10

The Kevin Bacon Game

nodes = {actors}

edges = if two actors star in same film

Kevin Bacon number =

distance between actor and Bacon

Kevin Bacon numberSlide11

The Kevin Bacon Game

Invented by Albright College students in 1994: Craig Fass, Brian Turtle, Mike Ginelly

Goal: Connect any actor to Kevin Bacon, by linking actors who have acted in the same movie.

Oracle of Bacon website uses Internet Movie Database (IMDB.com) to find shortest link between any two actors:

http://oracleofbacon.org/Slide12

Title

DataSlide13

Famous distances

Math PhD genealogiesSlide14

Famous distances

nodes = {mathematicians}

edges = if 2 mathematicians co-author a paper

Erdős

number = distance between mathematican and Erdos

Paul Erdős numberSlide15

Erdős Numbers

Erdő

s wrote 1500+ papers

with 507 co-authors.

Number of links required to connect scholars to Erdő

s, via co- authorship of papers

What type of graph do you expect?

Jerry Grossman (Oakland Univ.) website allows mathematicians to compute their Erd

ő

s numbers:

http://www.oakland.edu/enp/

Connecting path lengths,

among mathematicians only:

avg = 4.65

max = 13Slide16
Slide17

Proud people!Slide18

Famous distances

Erdős number of

= 4Slide19

Famous distances

Erdős number of …

= 3

Fan Chung

F.T. Leighton

P.T. Metaxas

ErdosSlide20

Famous distances

Erdos number of

if you publish with me!

YOU = Bill GatesSlide21

Tie strength

Not all friendships are created equal...

How strong is your relationship with this person?

How would you feel asking this friend for $100?

How helpful would this person be if you were looking for a job?

The strength of weak ties

[Granovetter 1973]Slide22

Tie strengthSlide23
Slide24
Slide25

Homophily

Birds of a feather flock together...

Homophily

Se

lf-reported high school friendships (edges) and race (colors).

[Moody 2001]Slide26

Birds of a feather flock together...

Homophily

Se

lf-reported high school friendships (edges) and race (colors).

[Moody 2001]

Social influence

Network dynamics

ConfoundsSlide27

Birds of a feather flock together...

Homophily

Adamic, L. A., & Glance, N. (2005, August). The political blogosphere and the 2004 US election: divided they blog. In Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Link discovery (pp. 36-43). ACM.Slide28

Social AlgorithmsSlide29

Filter BubbleSlide30

PersonalizationSlide31

BiasSlide32

Future of the Internet

Pew Research Center, 2014Slide33

Future of PrivacySlide34

Future of PoliticsSlide35

Future of ComputingSlide36

Future of AI

EthicsResponsibility

OwnershipSlide37

Today

Socio-techno web wrap-up:

Social networks: six degrees of separation, tie strength, homophilySocial algorithms: filter bubble, personalization, bias

Where to go from here:

Redo questions from into questionnaireDigital humanities at Wellesley

Other CS classes at WellesleySlide38

Computer quizz

Redo questions from into questionnaireSlide39

Who you areSlide40

Who you areSlide41

Who you areSlide42

Who you areSlide43

Who you areSlide44

Who you areSlide45

Who you areSlide46

Who you areSlide47

Who you areSlide48

Who you areSlide49

Who you areSlide50

Who you areSlide51

WHat next

http://www.wellesley.edu/cs/curriculum/current:

CS111 Computer Programming and Problem Solving

CS220 Human-Computer InteractionLater:

CS230 Data StructuresCS232 Artificial Intelligence

CS342 Computer Security and Privacy

CS304 Databases with Web InterfacesSlide52

WHat next

https://www.wellesley.edu/lts/bli/projects

Wellesley Blended Learning Initiative“The initiative encompasses the innovative use of technology in teaching, conversations about the use of technology to support close faculty-student relationships in a liberal arts environment, and the establishment of a long-term organizational support structure for blended learning at Wellesley College.”Slide53

Additional resources

Practicing HTML, CSS, Javascript:

http://www.stackoverflow.com

https://www.w3schools.com/

Getting started with other programming languages:

https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-computer-science-mitx-6-00-1x-11

https://codecombat.com/