Sourcing Contextualization Corroboration SourcingBefore reading the Document What type of document is it When was it written Who wrote it Was it really written on that day Document A Barker Modified ID: 320117
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Slide1
Reading Like a Historian
Sourcing, Contextualization, CorroborationSlide2
Sourcing-Before reading the Document
What type of document is it?
When was it written?
Who wrote it?
Was it really written on that day?Slide3
Document
A: Barker (Modified)
19th
. At 2 o’clock we began our march
by wading through a very long stream
up to our middles. About 5 miles away from a town called Lexington, we heard there were some hundreds of people collected together intending to oppose us. At 5 o’clock we arrived there and
saw a number of people, I believe between 200 and 300,
formed in a common in the middle of the town. We still continued advancing, prepared for an attack though without intending to attack them. As we came near them
, they fired
one or two shots, upon which our men without any orders, fired and put them to flight. We then formed on the Common, but with some difficulty, the men were so wild they could hear no orders; we waited a considerable time there, and at length proceeded on our way to Concord.
Source: Entry for April 19th, 1775, from the diary of Lieutenant John Barker, an officer in the British
army.
Battle
of LexingtonSlide4
Contextualization
Asks
students
to locate
items in a document such as:
Time
and place
To
understand how these factors shape its content.
Contextualization helps
students when reading a document to
ask certain questions.Slide5
Contextualization helps students, when reading a document to ask:
When
and
where
was the document created
?
What was
different
then?
What was the
same
?
In creating the document how might the circumstances
affect
it’s content?Slide6
You Imagine the setting
What was it like
to be alive in the past?
What things were
different
back then?
What things were the
same
?
What did people and places
look like
back then?
What were people
worried about
or
hoping for
?Slide7
Document
A: Barker (Modified)
19th
. At 2 o’clock we began our march
by wading through a very long stream
up to our middles. About 5 miles away from a town called Lexington, we heard there were some hundreds of people collected together intending to oppose us. At 5 o’clock we arrived there and
saw a number of people, I believe between 200 and 300,
formed in a common in the middle of the town. We still continued advancing, prepared for an attack though without intending to attack them. As we came near them
, they fired
one or two shots, upon which our men without any orders, fired and put them to flight. We then formed on the Common, but with some difficulty, the men were so wild they could hear no orders; we waited a considerable time there, and at length proceeded on our way to Concord.
Source: Entry for April 19th, 1775, from the diary of Lieutenant John Barker, an officer in the British
army.
Battle
of LexingtonSlide8
Modeling for studentsSlide9
wading through a very long stream
This
makes me think and realize that the soldiers were probably cold, wet and tired. Slide10
saw
a number of people, I believe between 200 and 300
,
I
bet when they saw so many minutemen they were jumpy and nervous. That is a lot of minutemen
.
Did the text book say how many minutemen there were
?
I am just
wondering:
Could
he just
be imagining
that there were a lot of
minutemen?
There was a lot going on at that time.Slide11
they fired…
This
British soldier
makes it clear
who fired
first.
The soldier stated The colonists shot first.
I just wonder if he is telling the truth about this
. He
might be covering his back
.
If the battle ended up starting the war, you can bet there would be an investigation into who fired first.Slide12
What should students be able to do?
Use context/background information to
draw
more meaning from document
Infer
historical context from document(s)
Understand
that documents reflects one moment in changing past
Beware
that words must be understood in a larger contextSlide13
Document B:
Mulliken
(Modified)
We
Nathaniel
Mulliken
, Philip Russell, (Followed by the names of 32 other men present on Lexington Green on April 19, 1775)...All of lawful age, and inhabitants of Lexington...do testify and declare, that on the nineteenth of April, about five o’clock in the morning, we proceeded towards the Green, and saw a large body of troops marching towards us. Some of our men were coming to the Green, and others had reached it, at which time, they began to disperse. While our backs were turned on the British troops, they fired on us, and a number of our men were instantly killed and wounded, not a gun was fired by any person in our company on the British soldiers to our knowledge before they fired on us, and continued firing until we had all made our escape.
Lexington, April 25, 1775.
Source: Sworn by 34 minutemen on April 25 before three Justices of the Peace.
Battle of LexingtonSlide14
Corroboration-comparing two documents
Which account do you find more reliable?
Why?
Are
ther
any facts that both accounts agree on?