SAT Vocabulary Chapter - PowerPoint Presentation

SAT Vocabulary Chapter 5 antipathy emancipate idiosyncrasy imminent advocate inclusive jurisdiction precarious preposterous impede

Ten Words in Context One author was refused permission to give a speech on campus because he advocates violence as a means of social reform.Some gardeners consider chemicals and pesticides harmful; instead, they advocate using “organic” methods of growing fruits and vegetables.Advocate means A. to oppose.B. to promote.C. to understand. Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 advocate – verb People advocating vegetarianismTakver via Wikimedia Commons

Ten Words in Context One author was refused permission to give a speech on campus because he advocates violence as a means of social reform.Some gardeners consider chemicals and pesticides harmful; instead, they advocate using “organic” methods of growing fruits and vegetables.Advocate means A. to oppose.B. to promote.C. to understand. 1 advocate– verb People advocating vegetarianismTakver via Wikimedia CommonsThe school would refuse to let the author speak because he promotes violence. Gardeners who consider chemicals and pesticides harmful would promote “organic” methods.

Ten Words in Context Malik’s parents didn’t understand why he hated school until they found that the reason for his antipathy was poor eyesight: he couldn’t see the chalkboard.I can’t believe that my sister is going to marry Frank. Just a few months ago, she showed complete antipathy toward him.Antipathy means A. a strong dislike.B. a lack of concern.C. a preference. 2 antipathy– noun This child seems to have antipathy for homework.© Ocusfocus | Dreamstime.com

Ten Words in Context Malik’s parents didn’t understand why he hated school until they found that the reason for his antipathy was poor eyesight: he couldn’t see the chalkboard.I can’t believe that my sister is going to marry Frank. Just a few months ago, she showed complete antipathy toward him.Antipathy means A. a strong dislike.B. a lack of concern.C. a preference. 2 antipathy– noun This child seems to have antipathy for homework.© Ocusfocus | Dreamstime.com In the first item, the word hated tells you that antipathy means “ a strong dislike.” In the second item, the sister’s planned marriage to Frank is contrasted with her recent strong dislike for him.

Ten Words in Context The salesman promised that his amazing machine—a vacuum cleaner, floor polisher, and carpet shampooer in one—would emancipate us from hours of backbreaking housework.When the Allies entered Germany at the end of World War II, they emancipated many foreigners and political prisoners who had been used as slave laborers in German industries.Emancipate means A. to encourage. B. to administer justice. C. to free. 3 emancipate– verb

Ten Words in Context The salesman promised that his amazing machine—a vacuum cleaner, floor polisher, and carpet shampooer in one—would emancipate us from hours of backbreaking housework.When the Allies entered Germany at the end of World War II, they emancipated many foreigners and political prisoners who had been used as slave laborers in German industries.Emancipate means A. to encourage. B. to administer justice. C. to free. 3 emancipate– verb Such an amazing machine would free people from hours of backbreaking work—or so the salesman says. In the second item, the slave laborers were freed by the Allies when they entered Germany.

Ten Words in Context My uncle asks very personal questions, but please don’t be offended—it’s just an idiosyncrasy of his. He doesn’t realize how odd it seems to others.For as long as I’ve known Katia, she’s had the unusual idiosyncrasy of dressing only in purple.Idiosyncrasy means A. a personal habit.B. a dangerous habit. C. a selfish habit. 4 idiosyncrasy– noun

Ten Words in Context My uncle asks very personal questions, but please don’t be offended—it’s just an idiosyncrasy of his. He doesn’t realize how odd it seems to others.For as long as I’ve known Katia, she’s had the unusual idiosyncrasy of dressing only in purple.Idiosyncrasy means A. an eccentric personal habit.B. a dangerous habit. C. a selfish habit. 4 idiosyncrasy– noun Asking very personal questions is merely an odd personal habit of the uncle. Cara has the unusual personal habit of dressing only in black.

Ten Words in Context We canceled the picnic because a thunderstorm seemed imminent .As word spread that the king’s death was imminent, the people began to gather at the palace gates. They wanted to be nearby when he died.Imminent meansA. over. B. delayed.C. likely to occur soon. 5 imminent– adjective These homes are in imminent danger because of the approaching wildfire.Mrsramsey via Wikimedia Commons

Ten Words in Context We canceled the picnic because a thunderstorm seemed imminent .As word spread that the king’s death was imminent, the people began to gather at the palace gates. They wanted to be nearby when he died.Imminent meansA. over. B. delayed.C. likely to occur soon. 5 imminent– adjective These homes are in imminent danger because of the approaching wildfire.Mrsramsey via Wikimedia CommonsThey would cancel the picnic if a thunderstorm was likely to occur soon. Since the people wanted to be nearby when the king died, they would gather when it seemed his death was likely to occur soon.

Ten Words in Context Muddy roads impeded the progress of the trucks bringing food to the refugees.The construction work at the mall impeded shoppers, who had to step around piles of planks, cables, crates, tools, and sacks of cement.Impede means A. to oppress.B. to slow down. C. to include. 6 impede– verb Traffic impeded by a herd of cows© Townsend Press

Impede meansA. to oppress. B. to slow down.C. to include. Ten Words in ContextMuddy roads impeded the progress of the trucks bringing food to the refugees. The construction work at the mall impeded shoppers, who had to step around piles of planks, cables, crates, tools, and sacks of cement.6 impede– verb Traffic impeded by a herd of cows© Townsend Press Muddy roads would slow down the progress of the trucks. Stepping around the building materials would slow down the shoppers.

Ten Words in Context The cost of the vacation package was inclusive , covering our airfare and all hotels, meals, and tours.The newspaper’s coverage of the trial was inclusive; every day, it printed a word-for-word transcript of the courtroom proceedings.Inclusive meansA. complete. B. lacking something.C. about to start. 7 inclusive– adjective Many languages help make this message inclusive.© Ijdema | Dreamstime.com - Welcome Word Cloud Photo

Inclusive meansA. complete. B. lacking something.C. about to start. Ten Words in ContextThe cost of the vacation package was inclusive, covering our airfare and all hotels, meals, and tours. The newspaper’s coverage of the trial was inclusive; every day, it printed a word-for-word transcript of the courtroom proceedings. 7 inclusive– adjective Since the cost of the package included all the things listed, it was complete . Since the newspaper printed a word-for-word transcript of the proceedings, its coverage was complete. Many languages help make this message inclusive.© Ijdema | Dreamstime.com - Welcome Word Cloud Photo

Ten Words in Context Shakespeare’s theater, the Globe, was built across the river from London. Officials had forbidden theaters in London, but the other side of the river was beyond their jurisdiction .The United States has no jurisdiction over foreign embassies on American soil; those embassies are under the authority of their own governments.Jurisdiction meansA. advice. B. beliefs. C. control. 8 jurisdiction– noun

Ten Words in Context Shakespeare’s theater, the Globe, was built across the river from London. Officials had forbidden theaters in London, but the other side of the river was beyond their jurisdiction .The United States has no jurisdiction over foreign embassies on American soil; those embassies are under the authority of their own governments.Jurisdiction meansA. advice. B. beliefs. C. control. 8 jurisdiction– noun Since the Globe was successfully built across the river from London, that area must have been beyond the control of the officials. Since the embassies are under the authority of their own governments, the United States has no control over them.

Ten Words in Context The icy roads made travel precarious .The old, worn-out electrical wiring in the building puts all the residents in a precarious position. At any moment, it could fail, causing a fire.Precarious meansA. unsafe. B. illegal. C. unusual. 9 precarious– adjective A climber in a precarious situationRpbase via Wikimedia Commons

Ten Words in Context The icy roads made travel precarious .The old, worn-out electrical wiring in the building puts all the residents in a precarious position. At any moment, it could fail, causing a fire.Precarious meansA. unsafe. B. illegal. C. unusual. 9 precarious– adjective A climber in a precarious situationRpbase via Wikimedia CommonsIcy roads would make travel unsafe. Since the wiring could cause a fire at any moment, it puts the residents in an unsafe position.

Ten Words in Context Louis always comes up with preposterous get-rich-quick schemes. Now he wants to open a doughnut shop in Antarctica.The discovery of x-rays in 1895 was followed by some preposterous ideas and fears. For example, merchants in England sold “x-ray-proof” underwear.Preposterous means A. risky. B. exciting. C. ridiculous. 10 preposterous – adjective David Shankbone via Wikimedia Commons Preposterously dressed jugglers

Ten Words in Context Louis always comes up with preposterous get-rich-quick schemes. Now he wants to open a doughnut shop in Antarctica.The discovery of x-rays in 1895 was followed by some preposterous ideas and fears. For example, merchants in England sold “x-ray-proof” underwear.Preposterous means A. risky. B. exciting. C. ridiculous. 10 preposterous – adjective David Shankbone via Wikimedia Commons Preposterously dressed jugglers Opening a doughnut shop in Antarctica sounds like a ridiculous get-rich-quick scheme. “X-ray-proof” underwear is a ridiculous idea.

Name: ______________________Class: ___________________Date: ____________Period: _______ I swore that nothing would keep me from getting to Gloria’s wedding on time, but I was ______________(e)d by a traffic jam.When the jury’s verdict was _______________, the lawyers, reporters, and spectators immediately returned to the courtroom.The bill for the dinner party was _______________; the costs of appetizers, main course, drinks, and desserts for all guests were covered in the total amount. Nutritionists today _________________ a diet low in fats and sugars and high in fiber.For someone allergic to insect bites, beekeeping would be a(n) ________________ occupation . Tamiko always takes off her shoes before entering the house. Ralph thought this was just a(n) ______________ of hers, but he later learned that it’s a Japanese custom.When the little boy said there was a frog in his glass of milk, everyone laughed at his ________________ idea—until he showed us the frog.8. Burt has a(n) _______________ for everything that isn’t “100 percent American.” He thinks it makes him a patriot, but I think a dislike of foreigners or foreign ways shows ignorance.9. If an American commits a crime in a foreign country, that country’s courts— not the U.S.—have ________________ in the matter. 10. One aim of today’s women’s groups is to _______________ women from job and wage discrimination. Quiz: Complete the item with the correct word from the box. A. advocate B. antipathy C. emancipate D. idiosyncrasy E. imminent F. impede G. inclusive H. jurisdiction I. precarious J. preposterous