Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables are the edible part of a plant. - PowerPoint Presentation

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Vegetables

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Vegetables

Vegetables are the edible part of a plant.

They are often grouped according to the part of the plant that is eaten:bulbs;flowers;fruit;leaves;roots; seeds;stem (stalk).

Peppers are the edible fruit of a plant

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Bulbs

Some plants have bulbs which stay underground to store food for the plant when it is not growing. When the time is right, the bulb produces shoots which grow up through the soil.

Onions are the edible bulb of a plant

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Bulbs

Bulbs include:

garlic;fennel;onions;shallots.

Fennel

Shallots

Garlic

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Bulbs - onions

There

are different types of onion, including:cooking;white;pickling;green;salad;red.

Cooking

Pickling

White

Red

Green

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Flowers

Flowers are part of the plant that allow it to reproduce.

Pollination is required for the plant to reproduce. Pollination happens when the plant's male part (the stamen) creates pollen, which is moved to the female part (the stigma). The transfer of pollen can be by wind, birds, bats, mammals and insects, including butterflies and bees. Bees are a particularly important pollinator and there are around 70 crops in the UK that depend on, or benefit from, bee pollination.

Cauliflower is the edible flower of a plant. Some flowers are edible, but many others are not

Soil Association

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Flowers

Flowers include:

artichoke;

broccoli;capers;cauliflower.Cauliflower

Broccoli

Artichoke

Cauliflower

Capers

Cauliflower and broccoli are from the family of vegetables known as brassica.

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Flowers - broccoli

There are different varieties of broccoli including:

Calabrese;Sprouting;Romanesco.

Calabrese

Sprouting

Purple sprouting

Romanesco

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Flowers - harvesting

broccoli

Watch the video about broccoli being harvested. Then answer the Budding broccoli quiz.

Click on the picture above to watch the video.

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Rapeseed

Rapeseed, or oilseed rape, is a bright yellow flowering member of the brassica family, along with broccoli, cabbage and cauliflower.

Rapeseed is grown for its oil-rich seeds, which are dried and pressed to produce a golden coloured oil.

The seeds of the rapeseed plant are used to make oil

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Fruit

The fruit of a plant is created after its flowers have been pollinated.

Many fruits are sweet, but some fruits are not and are usually used like a vegetable in food, e.g. tomatoes, cucumber and aubergine.

Tomatoes are the edible fruit of a plant.

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Fruit

‘

Savoury’ fruit includes:aubergine;cucumber;pepper;squash;tomatoes.

Spaghetti squash

Peppers

Yellow scallop squash

Aubergine

Cucumber

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Fruit - growing

peppers

Watch this video about peppers.

Click on the picture above to watch the video.

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Fruit - tomatoes

There are lots of different types tomatoes.

They have different names, such as:Cherry;

San marzano;Green zebra.Green zebra

San

Marzano

Cherry

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Fruit - harvesting

tomatoes

Watch this video about tomatoes.Then answer the Tasty tomatoes quiz.

Click on the picture above to watch the video.

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Fruit - sweetcorn

Sweetcorn is the fruit of the maize plant and, when fresh, is considered a vegetable. The

kernels when dried, are considered a grain and are used to make flour or popcorn.Watch this video to find out more about sweetcorn.

Click on the picture above to watch the video.

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Legumes

Legumes are grown for their edible seeds, known as beans and peas

. They are the fruit (seed) of a plant.

Peas are the edible seeds of plants

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Legumes

Legumes include:

adzuki beans;chickpeas;garden peas;kidney beans;lima beans;soy beans.

Chickpeas

Kidney beans

Soy beans

Lima beans

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Leaves

Plant leaves capture sunlight and use the energy from it to make

food. This process is known as photosynthesis.Carbon dioxide (from the air), water (from the soil)* and light (usually sunlight) are needed for photosynthesis to take place.Plant’s leaves are usually flat and green, which helps them to capture lots of sunlight.

*Some plants are grown hydroponically. This means that they get their water from a nutrient solution, rather than the soil.Lettuce is the edible leaves of a plant

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Leaves

Leaves include:

cabbage;kale;pak choi;salad cress;spinach;

watercress.Lettuce

Spinach

Watercress

Cabbage

Kale

Salad cress

Pak

choi

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Leaves

Less common examples of leaves include:

chard;chicory;choi sum;pea shoots.

Chard

Chicory

Choi sum

Pea shoots

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Leaves – lettuce

There are lots of different types lettuce.

They have different names, such as:Iceberg;Cos;Rocket.

Round

Cos

Rocket

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Leaves - lettuce

More unusual varieties of lettuce include:

Lollo rosso;Oak leaf;Batavia;Lollo verde.

BataviaOak leaf

Lollo

verde

Lollo

rosso

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Roots

The roots of the plant suck up water and useful nutrients from the soil to help the plant stay healthy.

They also anchor the plant to the ground.

Carrots are the edible root of a plant

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Roots

Roots include:

beetroot;carrot;celeriac;parsnip;

radish;turnip.

Parsnips

Beetroot

Celeriac

Radishes

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Roots - carrots

There are 44 varieties around the world.

They have different names, such as:Chanteray

;Danvers;Nantes.

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Roots - tubers

Tubers store nutrients for the plant and also propagate new plants by forming new stems and leaves. Tubers are often high in

carbohydrates.

Potatoes

Potatoes are tubers

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Roots - tubers

Tubers include:

cassava;Jerusalem artichokes;potatoes;sweet potatoes;yams.

Cassava

Potatoes

Jerusalem artichokes

Yam

Sweet potatoes

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Stem (stalk)

The stalk of the plant helps to keep it standing up and also helps to move water and nutrients to other parts of the plant.

Celery is the edible stem (stalk) of a plant

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Stem (stalk)

Stems or stalks include:

asparagus;

celery;kohlrabi.

Kohlrabi

Asparagus

Celery

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Stem (stalk) - samphire

Samphire is a plant that grows near salt water

. There are two types of samphire, marsh and rock. Marsh samphire is more widely available.Marsh samphire is also known as common glasswort.In north Wales, samphire is known as

sampkin. Samphire

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Mushrooms

Mushrooms are different kinds of fungi, rather than plants.

Many types of mushroom are dangerous to eat. Mushrooms available for consumers to buy are carefully selected to be safe.

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Mushrooms

There are lots of different types of mushrooms.

They have different names, such as:Button;Chestnut;Portobello.

Chestnut

Button

Portobello

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Mushrooms

More unusual mushroom varieties include:

Oyster;Shiitake;Maitake (hen of the woods);Enoki;Wood ear.

Shitake

Maitake

Wood ear

Enoki

Oyster

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Mushrooms

Watch this video about mushrooms.

Click on the picture above to watch the video.

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The importance of fruit and vegetables

We should all aim to have at least 5 portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables each day.

Fruit and vegetables should make up around one third of what we eat each day.

Fruit and vegetables are a very important part of a healthy, balanced diet, as they are good sources of fibre, as well as providing lots of essential vitamins and minerals.Eating lots of fruit and vegetables can help maintain a healthy weight (as they are naturally low in calories) and having your 5 A DAY could reduce your risk of some diseases.

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Fruit and vegetables

– what counts towards your 5 A DAY?

All

fruit and vegetables count, including fresh, frozen, canned, dried and juiced varieties.A portion of fruit or vegetables is 80g or, for children, around the amount that fits into the palm of their hands.

For example, a portion of vegetables could include:

three heaped tablespoons of cooked vegetables like broccoli, peas, cabbage or carrots;

a dessert bowl of

salad or seven cherry tomatoes;

three heaped tablespoons of beans, chickpeas or lentils can count as one of

your

5 A DAY (but only once each day);

a 150ml smoothie or a glass of unsweetened 100% vegetable juice (as a maximum of 1 of your 5 A DAY).

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Cooking for health - increasing the vegetable content in dishes

Add vegetables into rice, pasta or couscous, e.g. mushrooms, peas, sweetcorn, peppers. 

Experiment with colourful and interesting salads, salsas, vegetable-based dips, such as guacamole, and vegetable side dishes.

Vegetables like carrot, parsnip and beetroot can also be added to sweet foods, such as cakes.

Incorporate vegetables into sauces or with other foods, such as: 

blended into pasta sauces and soups;

grated into fish cakes;

mashed with potatoes.

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Cooking and eating vegetables

Some vegetables can be eaten raw, just wash first and scrub or peel, if required.

Vegetables can also be canned, dried, frozen, juiced, pickled or cooked and made into dishes.

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Vegetables

For further information, go to:

www.foodafactoflife.org.ukThis resource meets the

Guidelines for producers and users of school education resources about food.