nd November 2013 1400 1500 KSW 104 Michael Bryant LSE Student Counselling Service Depression Living with the Black Dog What is depression Depression is common Symptoms can affect daytoday life and can become very distressing ID: 935619
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Slide1
Managing Depression
Friday 22nd November 201314.00 – 15.00KSW 1.04 Michael Bryant LSE Student Counselling Service
Slide2Depression:
Living with the Black Dog
Slide3What is depression?
Depression is common. Symptoms can affect day-to-day life and can become very distressing. Treatments include psychological (talking) treatments and antidepressant medicines. Treatment takes time to work but has a good chance of success. Some people have recurring episodes of depression and require long-term treatment to keep symptoms away.
Slide4Who gets depression?
Cont.About 2 in 3 adults have depression at some time in their life. Sometimes it is mild or lasts just a few weeks. An episode of depression serious enough to require treatment occurs in about 1 in 4 women and 1 in 10 men at some point in their lives. Some people have two or more episodes of depression at various times in their life
Slide5Slide6Exhaustion Funnel
Slide7How is depression medically diagnosed?
There are no physical tests for depressionyour GP may examine you and do some urine or blood tests to rule out other conditions that have similar symptoms, such as an underactive thyroid.The main way in which your GP will tell if you have depression is by asking you lots of questions about your general health and how the way you are feeling is affecting you mentally and physically.
Slide8What causes depression?
Life eventsLossAngerChildhood experiencesPhysical conditions
Slide9What causes depression?
Cont.Side effects of medicationDietStreet drugs and alcoholGeneticsChemical changes in the brain
Slide10What is the difference between
low mood and depression?Low Mood can include:sadnessan anxious feelingworrytirednesslow self-esteem
frustration
anger
L
ow mood will tend to improve after a short time.
Slide11What is the difference between
low mood and depression? Cont.Depression symptoms also include: feeling irritable and intolerant of others having no motivation or interest in thingsfinding it difficult to make decisionsnot getting any enjoyment out of lifehaving suicidal thoughts or thoughts of harming yourselffeeling anxious or worried
Slide12What is the difference between
low mood and depression?Depression symptoms also include: continuous low mood or sadnessfeeling hopeless and helplesshaving low self-esteem feeling tearfulfeeling guilt-ridden
Slide13Symptoms of depression: psychological
continuous low mood or sadnessfeeling hopeless and helplesshaving low self-esteem feeling tearfulfeeling guilt-ridden
Slide14Symptoms of depression: psychological
cont.feeling irritable and intolerant of others having no motivation or interest in thingsfinding it difficult to make decisionsnot getting any enjoyment out of lifeFeeling anxious or worriedHaving suicidal thoughts or thoughts of harming yourself
Slide15Symptoms of depression: physical
moving or speaking more slowly than usual change in appetite or weight (usually decreased, but sometimes increased) constipation unexplained aches and painslack of energy or lack of interest in sex (loss of libido) changes to your menstrual cycle disturbed sleep (for example, finding it hard to fall asleep at night or waking up very early in the morning)
Slide16Symptoms of depression: social
not doing well at worktaking part in fewer social activities and avoiding contact with friendsneglecting your hobbies and interestshaving difficulties in your home and family life
Slide17Slide18Specific forms of Depression: SAD
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) :this is seasonal depression which is related to day length. It usually comes on in the autumn and winter, when days are short and the sun is low in the sky, and gets better as the days get longer and brighter.
Slide19Specific forms of Depression: BPD
Bipolar disorder (manic depression):Some people have major mood swings, when periods of depression alternate with periods of mania. When manic, they are in a state of high excitement, and may plan and may try to carry out over-ambitious schemes and ideas. They often then have periods of severe depression.
Slide20Specific forms of Depression: Clinical
Clinical depression: Depression ranges in seriousness from mild, temporary episodes of sadness to severe, persistent depression. Doctors use the term "clinical depression" to describe the more severe form of depression also known as "major depression" or "major depressive disorder."For a diagnosis of clinical depression, you must meet the symptom criteria spelled out in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The DSM is a guidebook used to diagnose mental illness in the United States.
Slide21Specific forms of Depression: Clinical
Five DSM Criteria for Clinical depression – Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every dayLoss of interest or pleasure in most activitiesSignificant weight loss or gainSleeping too much or not being able to sleep nearly every day
Slide22Specific forms of Depression: Clinical –
cont.Five DSM Criteria for Clinical depression: Slowed thinking or movement that others can seeFatigue or low energy nearly every dayFeelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guiltLoss of concentration or indecisiveness
Recurring thoughts of death or suicide
Slide23What can you do about Depression?
Develop emotional intelligenceUnderstand the concept of learned helplessnessTalking therapiesDevelop a mindfulness practice
Slide24Developing
emotional intelligenceUnderstanding emotionsAlexithymia : inability to identify / describe one’s emotions. Mad Bad Sad Glad
Slide25Learned
helplessnessLearned helplessness was discovered when researchers immobilized a dog and exposed it to electric shocks that could neither be avoided nor escaped. Twenty-four hours later, the dog was placed in a situation in which electric shock could be terminated by a simple response. The dog did not make this response; instead, it just sat passively. This behavior was in marked contrast to dogs in a control group that reacted vigorously to the shock and learned to turn it off.
Slide26Book:
‘The MindfulWay Through Depression’Mark Williams
Slide278 week mindfulness programme
Slide28Talking Therapies: CBT
(CBT) helps you understand your thoughts and behaviour and how they affect you.CBT recognises that events in your past may have shaped you, but it concentrates mostly on how you can change the way you think, feel and behave in the present.It teaches you how to overcome negative thoughts, for example being able to challenge hopeless feelingsComputerised CBT is a form of CBT that works through a computer screen, rather than face to face with a therapist
Slide29Talking Therapies:
CounsellingCounselling is a form of therapy that helps you think about the problems you are experiencing in your life to find new ways of dealing with them. Counsellors support you in finding solutions to problems, but do not tell you what to do.Counselling is available at LSE from the Student Counselling Service.See our website: It is also available on the NHS usually consists of six to 12 hour-long sessions. You talk in confidence to a counsellor. The counsellor supports you and offers practical advice.
Slide30Talking Therapies:
Interpersonal Therapies (IPT)IPT focuses on your relationships with other people and on problems you may be having in your relationships, such as difficulties with communication or coping with bereavement.There's some evidence that IPT can be as effective as antidepressants or CBT, but more research is needed.
Slide31NHS Care pathways for depression
Slide32NHS care for adults with depression
Slide33NHS Treatment for Mild to Moderate Depression Treatment
Slide34NHS Treatment for SEVERE ADULT Depression Treatment
Slide35Diagnostics Tests
PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire: Quick Depression AssessmentGAD 7: Generalised Anxiety Disorder AssessmentQuick Anxiety Assessment
Slide36Slide37Pleasantness Calendar
Slide38Unpleasantness Calendar
Slide39Resources /
ReferecnesLSE Student Counselling Service:NICE Guidelines for Treatment of Depression:http://www.nice.org.uk/CG090I had a Black Dog Blogspot:http://ihadablackdog.blogspot.co.uk/
Slide40Depression: the Black Dog