PDF-[DOWNLOAD]-POLITICAL PARTIES: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern

First published in German in 1911 Robert Michels Political Parties is a classic of political and social science it analyses the evolution of oligarchical power structures within political parties and trade unions particularly those ostensibly most committed to egalitarian and democratic ideals socialist parties organisations and trade unions including anarchosyndicalist labour unions Clearly and succinctly the libertarian syndicalist at the time Michels explains the emergence of elites and the process and dynamic by which radical parties lose sight of their radical objectives within representative parliamentary and electoral systems His starting point is the hypothesis that in organizations committed to the realization of democratic values there inevitably arise strong oligarchic tendencies which present a serious if not insuperable obstacle to the realization of those values It is organization which gives birth to the domination of the elected over the electors of the mandatories over the mandators of the delegates over the delegators Who says organization says oligarchy Thus Michels summed up his famous iron law of oligarchy. Readings:. Reserves: Aldrich, LaPalombara and Weiner, Neumann, Duverger, Kirchheimer, Epstein, Pizzorno.. Why did political parties develop?. What is an internally created party? . What is an externally created party?. in Germany. Dr. Heike Merten. Institute . of. German . and. International Law . of. Political . Parties. . and. Political Party Research. Funding of political parties . in Germany. 1. . Introduction. And Election Systems. I have already intimated to you the danger of parties in the State, with particular reference to the founding of them on geographical discriminations. Let me now take a more comprehensive view, and warn you in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of party generally. AP Comparative Government. Democracy. Democracy . is made up of the following characteristics. Rights:. In democratic societies, people have the right to freedom of the press, religion, association, and speech.. What are they?. Why were they formed?. George Washington Warns Against Political Parties. ". Let me...warn you in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of Party..." . "It serves to distract the Public Councils, and enfeeble the Public Administration.... agitates the Community with ill-founded jealousies and false alarms; kindles the animosity of one.... against another.... it opens the door to foreign influence and corruption...thus the policy and the will of one country are subjected to the policy and will of another. LESSON 16. Lesson Objectives. When you are finished with this lesson you should be able to:. Explain why the Framers opposed the idea of political parties. . Describe the other ideas that helped political parties to gain acceptance.. Their . Purpose. DAY 1. Political Behavior. Starter. Take a few minutes to write down some words or ideas that you associate with the following labels:. . Democrat. . Republican. Objective. Students will be able to . - Page 37 of . the Curriculum Framework. Reasons for the development of political parties:. Regional reasons for political parties – . Urban, wealthy, and upper-class individuals tended to be Federalists (merchants and trading). American Political System. “Let . me … warn you in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of party … in [governments] of the popular form, it is seen in its greatest rankness, and is truly their worst enemy. A . political party . is a group of citizens (voters) with similar views on public issues who work to put their ideas into effect through government action and who band together to elect candidates.. Political Party: A group of persons who seek to control government through the winning of elections and the holding of public office.. The primary purpose of the political parties is to control government through winning election to public office.. describe a time in which you were riding in a car with someone who was a really bad driver, and you wanted to stop the car and take over Driving for them- 1 paragraph. describe how you could connect this scenario to modern politics and this idea of one political party being the party in Power-2. 2 contemporary art shows and “happenings.”’ Moreover, state schools in Oklahoma City resorted to television programming to make the public aware of their important function in society OER materials provided with support from the Academic Senate for California Community Colleges (ASCCC) Open Educational Resources Initiative (OERI). Chapter Outline. Section #4.1: What is Democracy? .