PPT-Equilibrium, Speciation and Patterns in Evolution

Chapter 11 Biology Textbook KEY CONCEPT HardyWeinberg equilibrium provides a framework for understanding how populations evolve HardyWeinberg equilibrium describes populations that are not evolving . Vaccinium. . macrocarpon. ). Brandon . Schlautman. What is a species?. Domain- . Eukarya. Kingdom- Plantae. Phylum- . Magnoliophyta. Class- . Magnoliopsida. Order- . Ericales. Family- . Ericaceae. Is a member of the . Speciation. – formation of a new species . Species. – group of organisms that interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Subspecies. – groups that are on the way to being separate species; have started being genetically different. The rise and fall of biodiversity. Four major . mass extinctions . of marine organisms:. End of Silurian Devonian, Permian, and Cretaceous). Rise in diversity during Cambrian, Silurian, Cretaceous, and Paleogene. Evolution. Speciation Basics. Individuals of different species cannot . interbreed. under natural conditions . Described as being . reproductively isolated . from one another. Populations of different species do . I. Species Definitions. Species represent the boundary for the spread of alleles . and define the unit in which the modes of evolution operate. Biological Species Concept. Individuals belong to the same species if they can interbreed with each other. Brian O. ’. Meara. EEB464 Fall . 2015. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lopTMhAbXoI. Initiation of speciation. Maintenance of current species. Prezygotic. Postzygotic. Zygote image © Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction; Lausanne, image downloaded from . Species. == “kind” or “type” in Latin. Typological . (morphological) species. . == a group of organisms that share certain characteristics which are different than other groups—usually differences in anatomy. . Macroevolution/Microevolution. Macroevolution- One g. roup of animals. evolves into another….due to . large. scale changes that take place over . long. . periods of time.. . Microevolution- . Small. Temporal – crickets mature at different times. Prezygotic. isolation. Habitat – land vs. water garter snakes. Prezygotic. isolation. Behavioral – firefly mating. Prezygotic. isolation. Gametic. Gene Pool. All the alleles present in the reproducing members of a population at a given time.. The gene pool is constantly changing. Mutations add new alleles to the population. Immigration also adds new alleles; changes the allele frequency. Reduction in . gene . flow, genetic and phenotypic change in populations. The study of speciation requires that species be real. Speciation. Speciation is the antidote to sex. Keeps together adaptive groups of traits. What defines a species?. Species: a group of organisms that can . interbreed. and produce . fertile. offspring. “Biological Species Concept” . Human species?. Homo sapiens – “wise man” (large brains!). I. Species Definitions. Species represent the boundary for the spread of alleles . and define the unit in which the modes of evolution operate. Biological Species Concept. Individuals belong to the same species if they can interbreed with each other. In evolutionary terms a . species . is a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring; they do not breed successfully with other .