Carbohydrate Catabolism glycolysis glucose pyruvate acetyl CoA TCA Cycle acetyl CoA CO 2 NADH FADH 2 oxidative phosphorylation ID: 929430
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Slide1
Chemistry 2100
Chapter 28
Slide2Carbohydrate Catabolism
•
glycolysis
:
glucose pyruvate acetyl CoA• TCA Cycle: acetyl CoA CO2 + NADH / FADH2• oxidative phosphorylation: NADH / FADH2 ATP
Slide3Glycolysis
Slide4Slide5Slide6Slide7Slide8•
•
H
phosphofructokinase
Slide9•
•
H
Slide10•
•
H
Slide11•
•
•
•
H
H
Slide12•
•
•
•
H
H
Slide13•
•
•
•
H
H
Slide14•
•
•
•
H
H
Slide15•
•
•
•
H
H
Slide16•
•
N
H
C
O
NH
2
AD
dehydrogenase
1,3-bisphospho
glycerate
NADH
NAD
+
glyceraldehyde
3-phosphate
+
HPO
4
-2
+
C
CH
2
O
OH
H
O
PO
3
PO
3
O
N
C
O
NH
2
H
H
AD
C
CH
2
O
OH
H
H
PO
3
O
-2
-2
-2
Slide171,3 bisphospho
glycerate
Slide181,3 bisphospho
glycerate
Slide191,3 bisphospho
glycerate
3-phospho
glycerate
Slide201,3 bisphospho
glycerate
3-phospho
glycerate
2-phospho
glycerate
Slide21H
O
2-phospho
glycerate
Slide22H
O
2-phospho
glycerate
Slide23Slide24Slide25Slide26pyruvate
Slide27pyruvic acid
(
–
)-lactic acid
Anaerobic Glycolysis
pyruvate
lactic acid
Slide28pyruvic acid
acetaldehyde
ethanol
Fermentation
pyruvate
acetaldehyde
ethanol
Slide29TriCarboxylic Acid Cycle Prep
pyruvate
Slide30http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter25/animation__how_glycolysis_works.html
Slide31Fatty Acids and Energy
Fatty acids in triglycerides are the principal storage form of energy for most organisms.
Hydrocarbon chains are a highly reduced form of carbon.
The energy yield per gram of fatty acid oxidized is greater than that per gram of carbohydrate oxidized.
Slide32
-oxidation
Slide33
-oxidation
Slide34
-oxidation
Slide35
-oxidation
Slide36
-oxidation
Slide37
-oxidation
Slide38
-oxidation
Slide39
-oxidation
Slide40
-oxidation
Slide41
-oxidation
Slide42
-oxidation
Slide43
-oxidation
Slide44
-oxidation
Slide45
-oxidation
Slide46
-oxidation
Slide47
-oxidation
Slide48Slide49Energy Yield on
-Oxidation
Yield of ATP per mole of stearic acid (C18).
Slide50Ketone Bodies
Ketone bodies
: Acetone,
-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate;Are formed principally in liver mitochondria.Can be used as a fuel in most tissues and organs.
Formation occurs when the amount of acetyl CoA produced is excessive compared to the amount of oxaloacetate available to react with it and take it into the TCA; for example:Dietary intake is high in lipids and low in carbohydrates.Diabetes is not suitably controlled.Starvation.
Slide51Ketone Bodies
Slide52Protein Catabolism