Extracellularmatrix 1. The extracellular matrix ECM The area between cells - PowerPoint Presentation

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Extracellularmatrix

1. The extracellular matrix ECM The area between cells

2. 

The ECM of animal cells • Animals cells lack the structure and support that a cell wall provides • Have an ECM instead that provides some of the same support

3. 

Components of the ECM • Cells secrete

glycoproteins

– This is the main component of the ECM All 3 of these are common ECM

glycoproteins

4. 

• Collagen is the most common glycoprotein in the ECM

5. 

•

Proteoglycans

(a glycoprotein) form a woven network outside cells • Collagen are like strong fibers that run throughout this network

6. 

• Cells are attached to the ECM by another glycoprotein:

fibronectin

• On one side,

fibronectin

is attached to proteins in the plasma membrane • On the other side, the

fibronectin

is attached to the

glycoproteins

of the ECM

7. 

the

role of: •

Fibronectins

•Collagen fibers •

Proteoglycans

in the extracellular

matrix

The ECM allows for cell to cell communication

9. 

Intercellular junctions • Cells in plants and animals are organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems • Cells in a tissue may adhere to each other

10. 

The

Plasmodesmata

of plants • Cells walls of plants are perforated with small channels called

plasmodesmata

•

Cytosol

passes through the channel, thereby connecting the two cells

11. 

• Water, solutes, even proteins and RNA can move between cells • Allows plant cells to function as a unified system, rather than isolated cells

12. 

Intercellular Junctions in Animal Cells • 3 main types of junctions between animal cells • These junctions are most common in epithelial tissue (skin, linings of organs, etc)

13. 

Tight junctions in animal cells • The plasma membranes of neighboring cells are very tightly pressed together and bound by proteins • Forms a seal or barrier around a group of cells

14. 

Desmosomes

or anchoring junctions in animal cells • Like rivets that fasten cells together in strong sheets • Keratin filaments anchor these attachments in the cytoplasm

15. 

Gap junctions (or communicating junctions) in animal cells • Similar to

plasmodesmata

in plant cells • Provides a channel between cells that

cytosol

can travel through • Allows for cell to cell communication – Important in cardiac tissue and embryonic tissue