Birth Expectations Part 2 – Analgesia, labour and birth - PowerPoint Presentation

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Birth Expectations Part 2 – Analgesia, labour and birth

Role of the birth partner

Breathing techniques during labour

3 stages of labour

Pain relief during labour

Monitoring your baby during labour

Positions for labour

Vaginal tears, episiotomy and sutures

Role of the birth partner

Be Prepared

Be there for her

Offer company & gentle distraction

Practical support

Emotional support

Support her

physically

Be flexible

Be an advocate

Be confident, encourage & motivate

Listen to her

3 Stages of labour

1

st stage of labour

Regular contractions, which will encourage the cervix to thin and dilate

open to 10cm dilated.Your waters may go during this stage.

2nd stage of labour

Now your cervix has reached 10cm dilated, your baby will be making its way down through your birth canal. You may feel the urge to push during this stage, and your contractions will be strong and regular

3rd stage of labour

The placenta will detach from the wall of the uterus and be expelled by the vagina. You may feel the urge to push again during this stage.

1st stage of labour

Before labour you cervix starts around 2cm in length, hard to touch and closed.

During active labour your cervix has shortened in length and started to dilate

Second stage, your cervix has completely thinned out and dilated to 10cm

2nd stage of labour

Can take up to 3 hours

You will still have regular contractions

Push down into your bottom with your contractions

Blow out candles as the head crowns

In most cases baby is delivered straight onto your chest

3rd stage of labour

Every minute of your pregnancy, 1 pint of blood is pumping into the uterus, exchanging nutrients with the placenta

.

The placenta can weigh up to 2 poundsThe blood of the baby and the mother both pass through the placenta, but

NEVER mix Multi functional organ,

Lungs – supplies oxygen Kidneys – Filters out waste Gastrointestinal – Delivers nutrients Immune system – delivers antibodies

Positions for labour

Standing, supported by a birth partner

Sitting back to front on a chair

Sitting on a birth ball

Walking up and down stairs

Kneeling, supported by a birth ball or bean bag

Supported squatting

Sitting up, wide legs

Sitting on a birthing stool

Kneeling

Laying on your left side

Monitoring your baby during labour

Pinard

Used intermittently

Less reliable with a higher BMINot audible to those in the room

More like a vibration than a sound

Doppler

Audible to those in the room

Non invasive

The probe is waterproof so can be used in the pool

CTG machine

Continuous throughout labour

Required with and epidural

Restricts mobilisation

Cannot be used in the pool

Reviewed every hour by another professional

Pain relief during labour

Water birth

Positives

Increase sense of control

No side effects

Encourages you to relax during labour

Easily manoeuvre into comfortable positions in the water

Safe for you and the baby

Entonox can be used in the pool

Negatives

Cost of pool hire if having a home birth

Not available to high risk pregnancies

TENS machine

Positives

Reduces the amount of pain signals sent to the brain

Increases endorphins

No side effects

Works instantly

Your in control

No harmful effects to baby

Negatives

Not proven to be effective during the active stage of labour

You need to buy / hire your own

Cannot be used in the pool

Entonox

Positives

Acts quickly

Encourage you to use good breathing techniques in labour

Wears off quickly

No harmful side effects to you or baby

Negatives

Nausea

Dry mouth

Lack of concentration

Sickness

Light headedness

Sleepy

Epidural

Positives

Most women will experience complete pain relief

Patient controlled administration

Will be in situ until after the delivery

Can easily be topped up by an anaesthetist

Encourage you to relax during your contractions as they wont feel as painful

Negatives

Can only be administered by an anaesthetist on delivery suite

Continuous

fetal

monitoring will be required throughout your labour and delivery

Fluids will be in place to counteract the drop in blood pressure caused by the epidural

Can prolong the 2

nd

stage of labour

Increase the chance of instrumental delivery being required

A urinary catheter will be required throughout labour

Pethidine

Positives

Administered via an injection into either your upper arm, thigh or buttocks

Effects will last 2 – 4 hours

Effects can be felt as soon as 20 minutes post injection

Can help you to relax during the contractions

Negatives

Associated with nausea, vomiting & drowsiness

Pethidine is an opiate drug and can cross the placenta to baby

Not administered towards the end of the 1

st

stage of labour or in the 2

nd

stage of labour

Vaginal Tears

Tear through the perineal skin and into the muscleRequires suturing by a midwife in the roomLess than 2% of women nationally experience

this degree of tear Tear to the perineal skin, through the muscle and into the anal sphincter

Requires suturing in theatre by a doctorTear through the perineal skin, muscle and the anal sphincter and into the rectum

Requires suturing in theatre by a doctor Less than 2 % of women nationally experience

this degree of tear

Tear to the perineal skinDoesn’t normally require suturing

1

st

Degree Tear

3

rd

Degree Tear

2

nd

Degree Tear

4

th

Degree Tear

Episiotomy and sutures

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