PDF-(EBOOK)-Extragalactic Astronomy and Cosmology: An Introduction

This second edition has been updated and substantially expanded Starting with the description of our home galaxy the Milky Way this cogently written textbook introduces the reader to the astronomy of galaxies their structure active galactic nuclei evolution and large scale distribution in the Universe After an extensive and thorough introduction to modern observational and theoretical cosmology the focus turns to the formation of structures and astronomical objects in the early Universe The basics of classical astronomy and stellar astrophysics needed for extragalactic astronomy are provided in the appendixWhile this book has grown out of introductory university courses on astronomy and astrophysics and includes a set of problems and solutions it will not only benefit undergraduate students and lecturers thanks to the comprehensive coverage of the field even graduate students and researchers specializing in related fields will appreciate it as a valuable reference work. Fall . 2012. Cosmology 2012. Cosmology I & II. Cosmology I: . 4. .9. .-. 21.10. .. Cosmology II: . 29. .10. .. -. 16.12. .. http://theory.physics.helsinki.fi. /. ~. cosmology. Lectures in A315, Mon & Tue 14.15-16.00. INTRODUCTION Optical Counterparts Radio Source Properties Radio Spectra Energy Considerations LOW-LUMINOSITY SOURCES Spiral, Seyfert, and Irregular Galaxies Elliptical Galaxies COMPACT SOURCES Self-Ab Astronomy 123. Cosmology. Cosmology is the empirical study of the organization, structure and evolution of the Universe. At any given time we always think our Cosmology is correct: . Ancient: Earth is at center of Universe. www.NLET.org . A . Brief History of . Time . / Feature Film Documentary . An Anglia Television/Gordon Freedman production, released by Triton Pictures. Director Errol Morris. Producer David Hickman. Executive producer Gordon Freedman. Based on the book by Stephen Hawking. Cinematographers John Bailey, Stefan . A New Detection of Extragalactic AME Eric J. Murphy Radio-to-FIR Spectrum of a Galaxy ~ν -0.8 ~ν -0.1 1.4 GHz 33 GHz ngVLA M51 Dumas et al. 2010 20 cm/1.4 GHz 3.6 cm/8.3GHz H α AME over the last 20 years Astrophysics is often -with some justification - regarded as incomprehensible without the use of higher mathematics. Consequently, many amateur astronomers miss out on some of the most fascinating aspects of the subject. Astrophysics Is Easy! cuts through the difficult mathematics and explains the basics of astrophysics in accessible terms. Using nothing more than plain arithmetic and simple examples, the workings of the universe are outlined in a straightforward yet detailed and easy-to-grasp manner. The original edition of the book was written over eight years ago, and in that time, advances in observational astronomy have led to new and significant changes to the theories of astrophysics. The new theories will be reflected in both the new and expanded chapters. A unique aspect of this book is that, for each topic under discussion, an observing list is included so that observers can actually see for themselves the concepts presented -stars of the spectral sequence, nebulae, galaxies, even black holes. The observing list has been revised and brought up-to-date in the Second Edition. Written in simple and accessible language, this non-technical introduction to cosmology, or the creation and development of the universe, explains the discipline, covers its history, details the latest developments, and explains what is known, what is believed, and what is purely speculative. In addition, the author discusses the development of the Big Bang theory, and more speculative modern issues like quantum cosmology, superstrings, and dark matter.About the Series: Combining authority with wit, accessibility, and style, Very Short Introductions offer an introduction to some of life\'s most interesting topics. Written by experts for the newcomer, they demonstrate the finest contemporary thinking about the central problems and issues in hundreds of key topics, from philosophy to Freud, quantum theory to Islam. The second edition of this popular text provides undergraduates with a quantitative yet accessible introduction to the physical principles underlying the collection and analysis of observational data in contemporary optical and infrared astronomy. The text clearly links recent developments in ground- and space-based telescopes, observatory and instrument design, adaptive optics, and detector technologies to the more modest telescopes and detectors that students may use themselves. Beginning with reviews of the most relevant physical concepts and an introduction to elementary statistics, students are given the firm theoretical foundation they need. New topics, including an expanded treatment of spectroscopy, Gaia, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, and photometry at large redshifts bring the text up to date. Historical development of topics and quotations emphasize that astronomy is both a scientific and a human endeavour, while extensive end-of-chapter exercises facilitate the students\' practical learning experience. Explorations: An Introduction to Astronomy is built on the foundation of its well known writing style, accuracy, and emphasis on current information. Accessible writing style allows coverage of technically complex ideas without confusing students. Tom Arny and Steve Schneider give the students a reason to read every sentence! Visit the Online Learning Center For millennia humans have studied the skies to help them grow crops, navigate the seas, and earn favor from their gods. We still look to the stars today for answers to fundamental questions: How did the universe begin? Will it end, and if so, how? What is our place within it? John North has been examining such questions for decades. In Cosmos, he offers a sweeping historical survey of the two sciences that help define our place in the universe: astronomy and cosmology.             Organizing his history chronologically, North begins by examining Paleolithic cave drawings that clearly chart the phases of the moon. He then investigates scientific practices in the early civilizations of Egypt, Greece, China, and the Americas (among others), whose inhabitants developed sophisticated methods to record the movements of the planets and stars. Trade routes and religious movements, North notes, brought these ancient styles of scientific thinking to the attention of later astronomers, whose own theories—such as Copernicus’ planetary theory—led to the Scientific Revolution.             The work of master astronomers, including Ptolemy, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton, is described in detail, as are modern-day developments in astrophysics, such as the advent of radio astronomy, the brilliant innovations of Einstein, and the many recent discoveries brought about with the help of the Hubble telescope. This new edition brings North’s seminal book right up to the present day, as North takes a closer look at last year’s reclassification of Pluto as a “dwarf” planet and gives a thorough overview of current research.            With more than two hundred illustrations and a comprehensive bibliography, Cosmos is the definitive history of astronomy and cosmology. It is sure to find an eager audience among historians of science and astronomers alike. This well-received textbook has been designed by a team of experts for introductory courses in astronomy and astrophysics. Starting with a detailed discussion of our Galaxy, the Milky Way, it goes on to give a general introduction to normal and active galaxies including models for their formation and evolution. The second part of the book provides an overview of cosmological models, discussing the Big Bang, dark energy and the expansion of the Universe. This second edition has been updated to reflect the latest developments and observations, while still probing the unresolved questions at the forefront of research. It contains numerous learning features such as boxed summaries, exercises with full solutions, a glossary and a supporting website hosting further teaching materials. Written in an accessible style that avoids complex mathematics, and illustrated in colour throughout, this text is suitable for self-study and will appeal to amateur astronomers as well as students. In Stars Above, Earth Below, Tyler Nordgren examines a range of astronomical topics and makes the connection between them and the landscapes, processes, and cultures which can be seen and experienced within specific U.S. National Parks. For each park and topic the story unfolds in three steps: what does the reader see for him - or herself? What is the scientific cause or explanation of what is seen? And finally, what is the big picture about ourselves, our world, and our Universe? The author takes us the length and breadth of the U.S., from the coast of Maine to the Yellowstone volcano, from the depths of the Grand Canyon to the heights of the Rocky Mountains, exploring the natural links between the features of the parks and those of our Universe. Written by two expert teachers and based on astronomy education research, this workbook guides students through concepts, promotes quantitative literacy, and increases student confidence in their understanding of how the universe works. It should be read by anyone even remotely interested in the long saga of the universe\'s profound and lasting influence on mankind’s development. — New ScientistA grand book. — Publishers WeeklyDr. Krupp teaches us once more to look up at the stars and marvel. — Ray BradburyThe intriguing world of archaeoastronomy — the study of ancient peoples\' observations of the skies and the impact of what they saw on their cultural evolution — is the focus of this eminently readable and authoritative survey. Author E. C. Krupp, an astronomer, is the director of the Griffith Observatory in Los Angeles, California. He is one of the world\'s greatest experts on archaeoastronomy, and the author of numerous books including Beyond the Blue Horizon (1992) and In Search of Ancient Astronomies (1978). His interpretations of sky-watching customs from around the world range from everyday pursuits such as measuring time and calculating planting seasons to philosophical issues concerning the role of humanity within the larger context of the universe.Beginning with an explanation of how the sky works and how people have relied upon its guidance for centuries, Dr. Krupp explores ancient and prehistoric observatories, from sites in China and Babylonia to Scotland and Peru. He relates sky god mythology from many cultures, discusses astronomy\'s influence on funerary rites and other vigils and rituals, and profiles sacred places such as Stonehenge and the kivas of the American Southwest. An extraordinary interdisciplinary work of investigation and discovery, this book offers a compelling portrait of the ancient stargazers, their beliefs, and their customs. 208 illustrations. Bibliography. Index.This remarkable book, written by one of the greatest experts on archaeoastronomy is packed with valuable information. — Message to Eagle