Sensory Integration What does it all mean The nervous system is a complex sophisticated system that regulates and coordinates body activities Stanford Childrens Health Central Nervous System ID: 764987
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Sensory Integration What does it all mean???
“ The nervous system is a complex, sophisticated system that regulates and coordinates body activities” (Stanford Children’s Health) Central Nervous SystemPeripheral Nervous System The Nervous System This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Sight HearingTasteSmellTouch The Senses This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Proprioception “Body awareness sense” Vestibular- “Movement and Balance sense”Interoception - knowing what is going on inside our bodiesThe Unseen Senses
within the ear Detects head turns and tilts>interprets the information>causes the body to respond appropriately using other senses and systems. Vestibular System This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
Working together… Constantly our senses are collaborating with one another
the brain’s ability to take in information from our senses make sense of it and give an appropriate response. Sensory Integration https://youtu.be/1_Iuj8dr9oY
The Sensory System Begins to Develop at birth
Where it all goes down…
Sensory Integration Disorder https://youtu.be/1_Iuj8dr9oY
Do you know Me? http://playworld.com/blog/sensory-awareness-month-2014/ taken from
What causes Sensory processing disorder -abnormal arousal patterns -impaired cell pruning -problems w/ cerebellum- input is ‘too loud’-abnormal serotonin synthesis-abnormal ‘fight or flight’ responses to habitual activities Genetics -prematurity-birth trauma -Extended hospitalizations -adopted children -Heavy metals -Co-existing conditions
Sensory Over-Responsivity withdraw from touch, avoid loud noisesSensory Under-responsivity appear withdrawn, clumsy, inappropriate pain responseSensory Cravingconstantly moving, “need” to touch, don’t understand personal spacePattern 1: Sensory Modulation Disorder
Postural disorder Unable to stabilize body appropriatelyDyspraxia/Motor Planning problems Clumsy/accident prone, trouble with sports, may break toysPattern 2: Sensory-Based Motor Disorder
Auditory Visual Tactile Vestibular Proprioceptive Gustatory Olfactory Interoception Pattern 3: Sensory Discrimination Disorder
5-16% of school aged children are affected by SPD (Bunim, 2013). Not in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Screening (No gold standard)-SIPT, MFUN MAP,GOAL**The Sensory Profile, Short Sensory Profile and/or Sensory Processing Three Dimensions**And observations from OT Statistics & “Diagnosing”
Sleep NutritionHydrationToxins Take care of the Pillars This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
Regular bedtime routine (limit bathing time) Compression shirts, nude, over sized t shirtLycra sheetsWeighted blankets Sleep Advice
Try to appease their preferences TexturesColors (smoothies)Let them help cook/shopRemove peels, seeds, cut differently Shape differentlyOffer saucesContinue to introduce new foods 1 bite/1 tasteLet them have a repulsive & forbidden listMake sure they get enough vitaminsDO NOT FORCE FEED! Nutrition
Water at whatever temperature they desire 1- 8oz cup for each year of life If they will not drink enough water, dilute fruit juices or lemonade to get proper intake. Hydration This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
Remember it is about chemistry and connectivity. Deep pressure releases DopamineProprioceptive input releases serotoninVestibular releases histamine Movement is the conductor of chemicalsOne Theory…
provided by an occupational therapist. geared toward each child's individual needs. sensory diet- a variety of sensory experiences designed to help a child with SPD properly interpret his/her environment Treatment This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND https://pathways.org/watch/spanish-sensory-integration-meet-ryder/ https://pathways.org/watch/how-occupational-therapy-helps-with-sensory-integration-issues/
“Heavy work” prior to sitting still Sometimes a few sips of water, giving self a hug Putting a heavy book in their laps (only if advised by OT)If necessary sit with back against wall for tactile inputChewy tubes or chewlerySound protecting earmuffs/headphonesAssigning active tasks At school/daycare https://pathways.org/watch/five-essential-tummy-time-moves-how-to-do-tummy-time/
Individual carpet squares Make sure feet touch floor when seated in a chairRocking chair/fitness balls Allowing extra timeGlue sticks, paint brushesDo not single outAt school/daycare (cont.)
Heavy work activities, such as jumping, rolling, climbing, pushing, and pulling objects, animal walks and caching and throwing a heavy ball Roll-up in a blanket or weighted blanket Eating chewy foods, such as dried fruit, granola bars, cheese sticks or blocks, bagels or chewing gumListening to rhythmic musicUsing a picture schedule of the typical daily scheduleDrinking through a straw Rocking in a rocking chair or swingingFirm rubbing of the back or bear hugsSmelling calming scent such as vanillaCalming activities
Animal walks, crab walk, bear walks, duck walk or bunny hop Lifting and carrying heavy loads, caring heavy objectsPushing and pulling each other in a wagon, pushing large trucks filled with blocks or other objectsOpening heavy doors Jumping on trampolineJumping into a crash padHanging or swinging on monkey barsStanding push-ups on the wallMore Heavy Work
Rubin, M. (2018, July). Overview of the Peripheral Nervous System. Retrieved from https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain,-spinal-cord,-and-nerve- disorders/peripheral-nerve-disorders/overview-of-the-peripheral-nervous- system Day, Dr. Lin. “Sensory Development.” Pregnancy Babies & Children's Expo, Parenting Insights, 2016, www.pbcexpo.com.au/baby/baby-development/sensory- development/.“What Are the 7 Senses?” 7 Senses Foundation, www.7senses.org.au/what-are-the-7- senses.Christianson, Cassy. “How Your Child's Sensory System Develops.” AbilityPath, Gatepath, June 2008, https://abilitypath.org/2014/06/08/how-your-childs-sensory- system-develops/.Stanford Children's Health.” Stanford Children's Health - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Standford Medicine, www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/top ic/default?id=newborn-senses-90-P02631.The Human Balance System.” Vestibular Disorders Association, Veda Life Rebalaced, 28 Sept. 2018, https://vestibular.org/understanding-vestibular-disorder/human- abalance -system#. “Brain Areas and Their Functions.” Health24 , Health24, 2 Sept. 2011, www.health24.com/Mental-Health/Brain/Anatomy-of-the-brain/Brain-areas- and-their-functions-20120721. Work Cited
Importance of Sensory Integration.” YouTube , Pathways.org, 14 May 2013, youtu.be/1_Iuj8dr9oY. Sensory Awareness Month 2014.” Playworld® Playground Equipment | Playgrounds & Play Sets, 22 Oct. 2014, http://playworld.com/blog/sensory-awareness-month- 2014/.Subtypes of SPD.” Sensory Processing Disorder - STAR Institute, Pathways.org, www.spdstar.org/basic/subtypes-of-spd#sensorymodulationSensory Processing Disorder. www.pathintl.org/images/pdf/conferences/national/2016- handouts/H2-2.pdfThe Relationship between Sensory Processing and Sleep.” The Center for Connection , 27 Apr. 2016, www.thecenterforconnection.org/blog/2016/4/27/the-relationship- between-sensory-processing-and-sleep.How Much Water Should My Child Drink.” CHOC Children's, UCIrvine, www.choc.org/programs-services/urology/how-much-water-should-my-child- drink/.Collins, Britt, and Jackie Olson. Sensory Parenting: from Newborns to Toddlers: Parenting Is Easier When Your Child's Senses Are Happy! Sensory World, 2010.Biel, Lindsey, and Nancy K. Peske. Raising a Sensory Smart Child: the Definitive Handbook for Helping Your Child with Sensory Processing Issues . Penguin Books, 2009. Arnwine , Bonnie, and Olivia. Starting Sensory Integration Therapy: Fun Activities That Won’t Destroy Your Home . Sensory Resources, 2005. Kranowitz , Carol Stock. The out-of-Sync Child Has Fun: Activities for Kids with Sensory Processing Disorder . Penguin Group, 2006. Bunim, Juliana. “Breakthrough Study Reveals Biological Basis for Sensory Processing Disorders in Kids.” UC San Francisco , The Regents of the University of California, 9 J uly 2013, www.ucsf.edu/news/2013/07/107316/breakthrough-study-reveals- biological-basis-sensory-processing-disorders- kidsi .