Policies and Coordination in Myanmar 20082010 Iizuka Ryoko MEP13101 Policy Design and Implementation GRIPS July 19 2013 Outline Background Cyclone Nargis Response Policies and Coordination Mechanisms ID: 299853
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Post-Cyclone Recovery" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Post-Cyclone RecoveryPolicies and Coordination in Myanmar 2008-2010
Iizuka
Ryoko
, MEP13101
Policy Design and Implementation, GRIPS
July 19, 2013Slide2
Outline
Background
Cyclone
Nargis
Response –
Policies and Coordination Mechanisms
4. Challenges and ReflectionsSlide3Slide4
1. Background
1962
Military rule starts
1988
Student demonstration
1990
National election - NLD victory ignored2003 7-step Roadmap to Disciplined Democracy2007 Saffron revolution2008 Cyclone Nargis, Referendum on constitution2010 National Election – USDP victory2011 New Government – President Thein Sein
Photo source: Not My Tribe
Slide5
Working Environment 2008No UNDAF or PRSP
UNDP stopped country program in 1993 (allowed only grassroots activities, no direct engagement with the government)
NGOs severely restrictedSlide6
2. Cyclone Nargis
Hit Delta region and Yangon in May 2008
Killed
140,000
, affected
2.4 M
Damage US$4.1 BSlide7Slide8
Cyclone affected villagesSlide9
3. Response: Major Events and Policy Tools
Date
Event
Who
What
2 May
Cyclone Nargis
3 National Disaster Preparedness Central Committee
GoM
Emergency response with 10 sub-committees
9
ASEAN Humanitarian Task Force
ASEAN
Agreed to assist
19
Flash Appeal (1)
UNOCHA
Request $
187M
for 6 months
25
ASEAN-UN International Pledging Conference
ASEAN-UN-GoM
Agreed to form a
Tripartite Core Group
31
Post-Nargis Joint Assessment (PONJA)
TCG
10 Jul
Flash Appeal (2)
UNOCHA
Revised request $
482M
for 1 year
Dec
Post-
Nargis
Recovery and Preparedness Plan (PONREPP)
TCG
3-year recovery strategy
(‘09-11
), request $
691M Slide10
ASEAN-led Coordination Mechanism
Source: PONJA, 2008
3 reps from
GoM
M. of Foreign Affairs
M. of Social Welfare and Resettlement
M. of Agriculture and IrrigationSlide11
In-Country Coordination MechanismSlide12
PONREPP8 Key Areas
Livelihoods
Shelter
Education
Health
Water, Sanitation, Hygiene
Disaster Risk ReductionEnvironmentVulnerable Groups As of Jun 2010, $348M received. With needs ($691M) not met, prioritized action plan developed with $103M (5 sectors).Slide13
UNDP Myanmar Response1) Emergency
response:
Water, food, clearing debris, shelter, grants…
2) Integrated Community-based
Early Recovery
: US$23Ｍ for 2 years, covering 500 villages 1. Livelihood 2. Infrastructure 3. Capacity Development 4. Disaster Risk ReductionSlide14
Left:
Shelter construction
Right: Pond cleaning – critical to catch monsoon rain to ensure drinking water for the rest of the yearSlide15
4. Challenges Coordination
: numerous actors at multiple levels with different objectives, in fast changing environment.
Priority
: massive needs with limited funds.
T
arps or shelters? How many can you cover?
Ideal vs. Reality: Build Back Better, Early Recovery, Sustainability, Community Ownership…Capacity vs. Reality: you want to do so much but your time, money, capacity are all limited.Slide16
ReflectionsTo coordinate well, you need to know what you can do and what
others
can do.
No prior relations or trust can hamper your coordination.
Government’s track record greatly affect donors.
Leader’s accurate judgment and direction is critical.It was an over-ambitious program, yet necessary. Think of how to maximize your limited resources to do more.