Tunisia case study ISWA RDN EXPRA Workshop Bucharest October 9 th 2014 Who are we 2002 GP is registered as a Romanian private and independent company that provides environmental consultancy ID: 302438
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Slide1
Structural Integration of the Informal Sector in Municipal Solid Waste Management
Tunisia – case study
ISWA / RDN / EXPRA WorkshopBucharest, October 9th 2014Slide2
Who are we?
2002 – GP is registered as a Romanian private and independent company that provides environmental consultancy services to authorities and industry and business development in
various fields of expertise.2009 – GP together with 4 more consulting companies register the RWA as a
UK company
with a specialised track record in waste management, resource efficiency and associated advisory and consultancy services.
RWA
provides
support to design and implementation of integrated resources and
WM projects. Slide3
Why integrating/formalizing the IRS?
Informal Recycling Sector (IRS) is more active and effective in recovering and valorising resources that the formal sector in low and middle income countriesSlide4
Our experience in working with the IRS
Green Partners and RWA have extensive proven experience in working with the IRS: - facilitating discussions
- opening communication channels - initiate debates and challenges - institutional development and capacity building - developing and analyzing integration/formalization options - Legislation, policy and economic instruments design and implementation
- Community
mobilisation
and public awarenessSlide5
Our own garden –
Pata Rat
Study on the economic impacts of the IRS in waste management in 2006 Challenges of sustainable and Affordable Modernization in the Solid Waste Sector conference in 2008
Currently there are approximately 1000 persons living on the landfill and its vicinitiesMost of them are participating in SWM activities as waste pickersSlide6
IRS in Tunisia - case
studySlide7
Background
This project is financed by the BMZ (German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development) through the Fund for Good Governance in the MENA Region. Project activities ccontributes to the objective of the regional network for integrated SWM –
SWEEP-Net in MENA region. Another SWEEP-Net study is focusing on the Middle East region SWM practices.The project implementation is done by RWA - January 2014 until June 2015.Slide8
Background – project objectives
The project has a participatory approach having the following objectives:-improving the living and working conditions of the informal sector through its structural integration;
- establishing sustainable income generation and - enhancing efficiency of local waste management schemes, Slide9
Background
Institutional setup and EPR in Tunisia: Eco-Lef
- the Tunisian EPR system from 2001 for post-consumer packaging wasteMunicipal waste collection services: poor level of servicesThe IS by collecting and recycling part of the municipal waste stream at no cost to the municipality represents an economic benefit to the municipality Slide10
EPR Scheme in Tunisia
5%Slide11
Responsibilities
ANGed – National Agency for Waste ManagementSlide12
Current situation – informal sector
15,000 t of PET per year recycled, 67% by the informal sector5000-6000 t of non-ferrous metals per year is recycled
3,600 t paper and cardboard per year,About 8000 people are involved in informal recycling in Tunisia. They work in the collection of recyclable materials from landfills or by crisscrossing the streets of major cities of the country. Slide13
Categories of waste pickers
Professional waste pickers
In this category there are the street pickers and the pickers who are collecting exclusively from the new landfill in La Marsa. They guide the trucks arriving on landfill and then they are sorting recyclables, selecting them and selling them to carriers that come up directly on the discharge points. They earn on average 30 DT/daySlide14
Categories of waste pickers
Semi-professional waste pickers
These persons have between 2 and 10 years of work experience in the field of waste recycling. They sum up to half the total number of waste pickers. There are those who already have a motorcycle, those who have bikes with trailers, and those who are still using the hand cart, or even the wheelbarrow. They have irregular income of about 10-15 DT/daySlide15
Categories of waste pickers
Waste pickers belonging to vulnerable groups
These persons have between 2 and 10 years of work experience in the field of waste recycling. They sum up to half the total number of waste pickers. There are those who already have a motorcycle, those who have bikes with trailers, and those who are still using the hand cart, or even the wheelbarrow. They have irregular income of about 10-15 DT/daySlide16
Categories of waste pickers
Women barbéchas
They have no means of motorized transportation and often they only have a wheelbarrow or even nothing at all. They rarely earn more than ten dinars a day. They find themselves doing this job after becoming a widow or due to a disabled husband.Slide17
Categories of waste pickersSlide18
Current situation – informal sector
Types of recycling materials collected include:
5% all types of waste75% plastic and aluminum cans10% paper/ cardboard 2% textiles8% other streams (batteries, wood, etc).Slide19
Current situation – value chain
There are two parallel competing systems for recycling, ANGED’s Ecolef system (EPR system), and the private recycling value chain, both of which are supplied by waste pickers and others like NGOs and small junk shops.Slide20
Current situation – other stakeholdersSlide21
Pilot measures - needs
For all pilot there are some similar actions that that are required in all selected pilot zones, these include the need for an agreement, awareness raising, monitoring and raising
investment financing.Slide22
Pilot measures for integration
Door-to-door collection of source separated dry fraction
Door-to-door primary collection of source separated wet and dry fractionImproving communal collection points including cagesCurrently we’re mapping and understanding all technical details in the fieldSlide23
Pilot measures – collection of dry fraction
Waste pickers going from door to door of households and buying or collecting for free dry recyclables, especially PET and other plastic
. IssuesDoor bell or scheduleZones and routesRegistration of waste pickers and criteriaBadges, uniforms, equipmentNeed for motorized equipment micro-credits
RevenuesSlide24
Pilot measures – collection of wet and dry fraction
The waste pickers have the right over the recycleables and drop wet waste in communal containers
IssuesDoor bell or scheduleDistricts, Zones and routesRegistration of waste pickers Badges, uniforms, equipment
Need for motorized equipment
Changes to municipal communal containers infrastructure
Revenues and willingness to paySlide25
Pilot measures – communal collection points
Waste pickers own/administer/have access to cages or communal containersn and an obligation to keep the communal collection point clean
cages systemInformal sector was not interested in this optionIssuesCleanliness and customer satisfactionEfficiency and financial sustainabilityDifficulties in seperation of tasks
Assigning collection points, registration, criteria
Badges, uniforms. Equipment
Changes to municipal infrastructureSlide26
Challenges
Challenges are different for the two municipalitiesThere
are various interferences in the value chain between ANGed (Ecolef) and private operatorsThere are conflicts between formal and informal workers due to access to wasteDifferent interests and perspectivesLegal issues: patentIncreased earning potential may attracting
more people at the bottom of the chain while enforcing the chainAccess
to credit,
uniforms
, equipmentSlide27
Research studies/publications
2006
: Economic Aspects of the Informal Sector in Solid Waste Management2008: Challenges of sustainable and Affordable Modernization in the Solid Waste Sector;2010: Egyptian National Solid Waste Management Programme document2012: Global Extended Producer Responsibility-Informal Sector in Waste Management2014: Operator Models in Low and Middle Income Countries. Slide28
C
onclusionsThe IRS needs to be taken into account when developing SWM strategies, policies and programmes;Donors/IFI are keen on working towards the integration/formalisation of waste pickers;
the informal sector creates social benefits and indirect economic and environmental benefits for the municipality;Working with the informal sector is possible and could be seen as one form of private sector participation.Many options for integration, still room for analysing their advantages and disadvantages
- Questions and open discussions Slide29
Cosmin Briciu
cosmin@rwagroup.net
www.rwagroup.net Tel: +40 746 775171
www.greenpartners.ro
cosmin.briciu@greenpartners.ro
Fantanele 18, 400294, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Tel. +40 264 589291,
Fax
: +40 264 585585
Thank you for your attention