The Secret of the German Language PowerPoint Presentation, PPT

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Lesson 2:. Can you handle the truth?. This is going to get pretty intense today.. Maybe we ought to hold hands and sing. Kum-ba-ya first.. But how do you say Kum-ba-ya in German?. Okay. Back to business.. ID: 720434

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The Secret of the German Language

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The Secret of the German Language
Lesson 2:
Can you handle the truth?
This is going to get pretty intense today.
Maybe we ought to hold hands and sing
Kum-ba-ya first.
But how do you say Kum-ba-ya in German?
Okay. Back to business.
Slide2
The Secret of the German Language
We had written a chart and looked at the first row called “nominative” (which is basically the subject of the sentence).
Today we’ll expand that and even venture carefully into the next row.
We might even pick up a few more tricks . . .
If I’m in the mood.
Slide3
The Secret of the German Language
There are several other words that function like
der
,
die
and
das
.
I’m going to call these “
der
words.”
Write these down in your notes under the heading “
der
words.”
Slide4
The Secret of the German Language
Dies- (this/these)
Jed- (each/every)
Welch- (which)
Solch- (such/such a)
Manch- (many/many a/some/several)
Jen- (that/that one)
Slide5
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
So if you have a sentence like:
De
r
Mann ist hier
You can use these other der words as long as the ending is still –r.
Slide6
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Diese
r
Mann ist hier.
Jede
r
Mann ist hier.
Welche
r
Mann ist hier?
Solche
r
Mann ist hier.
Manche
r
Mann ist hier.
Jene
r
Mann ist hier.
Slide7
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
So how would you say:
These children are nice.
Slide8
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Did you get:
Dies
e
Kinder sind nett.
Slide9
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
How would you say:
Which woman is tall?
Slide10
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Did you get:
Welch
e
Frau ist groß.
Slide11
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
What about this one?
This school is cool.
Slide12
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Did you get:
Dies
e
Schule ist cool.
Slide13
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
How about:
Every boy is awesome.
Slide14
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Did you get:
Jede
r
Junge ist toll.
Slide15
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
How about:
This chicken is delicious.
Slide16
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Did you get:
Diese
s
Hähnchen
(or
Huhn
)
ist
lecker
.
Slide17
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
One more:
Such a teacher (f) ist wonderful.
Slide18
R
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
The (f) meant feminine. Did you get:
Solch
e
Lehrerin ist wunderbar.
Slide19
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
So now that you have mastered the nominative, young grasshopper, it is time to move to the next row.
Slide20
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
The next row says Accusative, which is mostly the direct object (although it goes beyond that). So you know what a direct object is, right?
Slide21
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
No, it’s not
a baton
an orchestra conductor uses. That’s not a direct object. Anyone know the definition?
Slide22
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Here’s my take:
A direct object receives the direct action of the verb.
Or put more simply:
It’s what’s being
verbed
.
Slide23
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
So in a sentence like:
I see the man
I ask what is being verbed? (seen?)
Slide24
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
The man is being verbed. He’s being seen. He is receiving the direct action of the verb.
Slide25
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
So when this happens in German, you follow the second row in the same way you did the Nominative.
Slide26
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
So from the subject:
De
r
Mann ist hier.
Now you have:
Ich sehe de
n
Mann.
Slide27
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Similarly you would have:
Ich sehe di
e
Frau.
Ich sehe da
s
Kind.
Ich sehe di
e
Kinder.
Slide28
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
The other der words work here, too.
Ich sehe diese
n
Mann.
Ich sehe jed
e
Frau.
Ich sehe diese
s
Kind.
Ich sehe solch
e
Kinder.
Slide29
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
So what endings would go here?
Welch__ Junge schaut d__ Frau an?
Slide30
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Did you get:
Welche
r
Junge schaut di
e
Frau an?
Slide31
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
How about:
Dies__ Hund grüßt jed__ Katze.
Slide32
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Did you get:
Diese
r
Hund grüßt jed
e
Katze.
Slide33
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
How about this one:
Jed__ Junge schaut dies__ Mädchen an.
Slide34
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Did you get:
Jede
r
Junge schaut diese
s
Mädchen an.
Slide35
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
So try some of these translations:
The man kisses the woman.
Slide36
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Did you get:
De
r
Mann küsst di
e
Frau.
Slide37
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
How about this one:
This teacher (m) buys such a pen!
Slide38
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Did you get:
Diese
r
Lehrer kauft solche
n
Kuli!
Slide39
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Careful! Potential Pitfall!
Although
es
gibt
means there is/are and
es
gab
means there was/were, they
literally
mean “it gives” and “it gave”!
Slide40
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Careful! Potential Pitfall!
Therefore, whatever “
es
gibt
”, is “given”, making it the direct object of the verb
gibt
(accusative), while
es
functions as the subject (nominative), the giver.
Slide41
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
So how would you say, “There is man”?
Slide42
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Did you get:
Es
gibt
einen
Mann.
Slide43
R
E
S
E
N
E
S
E
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Okay. One more
gem:
Most nouns that end in –
er
are masculine.
Eimer
,
Verkäufer
, Computer, etc.
Slide44
Slide45
R

E
S

E
N
E
S

E
M
R
M
N
+n
S
+s
R
S
+s
R
-e
-en
masculine
feminine
neuter
plural
adjective
Endings
Nominative
(Subject)
Accusative
(Direct Object)
Dative
(Indirect Object)
Genitive
(Possessive)