the Northern Hemisphere due to 1 the Coriolis effect 2 the Doppler effect 3 the tilt of Earths axis 4 Earths gravity How many days are required for the Moon to go from ID: 738127
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Earth’s planetary winds curve to the r..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Earth’s planetary winds curve to the right in the Northern Hemisphere due to(1) the Coriolis effect(2) the Doppler effect(3) the tilt of Earth’s axis(4) Earth’s gravitySlide2
How many days are required for the Moon to go from one full-Moon phase to the next full-Moon phase when viewed from Earth?(1) 24 (2) 27.3 (3) 29.5 (4) 365Slide3
The diagram below shows the Moon in different positions as it revolves around Earth, as observed from above the North Pole (NP).Which image correctly represents the Moon at position 8, as observed from Earth?Slide4
A student in New York State looked toward the eastern horizon to observe sunrise at three different times during the year. The student drew the following diagram that shows the positions of sunrise, A, B, and C, during this one-year period.Which list correctly pairs the location of sunrise to the day of the year?(1) A—June 21 (3) A—March 21 B—March 21 B—June 21 C—December 21 C—December 21(2) A—December 21 (4) A—June 21 B—March 21 B—December 21 C—June 21 C—March 21Slide5
Identify one possible date represented by letter A. March 21Slide6
The diagram represents an observer in New York. Three paths of the sun are shown. A, B, and C represent the noon position at three different times of the year.What is the date of Position C if the sun is at zenith over the Tropic of Capricorn?December 21Slide7Slide8
Positions 1, 2, and 3 in the diagram represent the noon Sun above the horizon on three different days during the year, as viewed from Binghamton, N Y.
At
which position was the noon Sun providing Binghamton with the greatest insolation
?
(1) position
1
(
2) position 2
(3) position 3
(
4) between position 2 and position 3
(1)
position
1 Slide9
Which diagram best represents the correct orientation of the North Pole [NP] as Earth revolves around the Sun? [Diagrams are not drawn to scale.]Slide10
If the tilt of Earth’s axis were increased from 23.5° to 30°, which other statement would be true(1) the Arctic Circle would shift to 75o North(2) the Southern Hemisphere would not have Spring
(3)
the Tropic of Cancer would shift to 30
o
North
(4)
The North Pole would still point toward PolarisSlide11
If the tilt of Earth’s axis were increased from 23.5° to 30°, summers in New York State would become(1) cooler, and winters would become cooler(2) cooler, and winters would become warmer(3) warmer, and winters would become cooler
(4) warmer, and winters would become
warmerSlide12
Since Denver’s longitude is 105° W and Utica’s longitude is 75° W, sunrise in Denver occurs(1) 2 hours earlier (3) 3 hours earlier(2) 2 hours later (4) 3 hours later15o / hour!Slide13
During the month of January, at which location in New York State is the Sun lowest in the sky at solar noon? (1) Massena (3) Utica (2) Niagara Falls
(
4) New York City
It is the farthest North!Slide14
Which motion occurs at a rate of approximately one degree per day?(1) the Moon revolving around Earth(2) the Moon rotating on its axis(3) Earth revolving around the Sun(4) Earth rotating on its axisSlide15
Which object in space emits light because it releases energy produced by nuclear fusion? (1) Earth’s Moon (3) Venus (2) Halley’s comet (4) PolarisSlide16
A major piece of evidence supporting the Big Bang theory is the observation that wavelengths of light from stars in distant galaxies show a(1) redshift, appearing to be shorter(2) redshift, appearing to be longer(3)
blueshift
, appearing to be
shorter
(4)
blueshift
, appearing to be
longerSlide17
Which characteristics best describe the starBetelgeuse?(1) reddish orange with low luminosity and high surface temperature(2) reddish orange with high luminosity and
low
surface
temperature
(
3) blue white with low luminosity and low
surface
temperature
(
4) blue white with high luminosity and high
surface temperatureSlide18
Which main sequence star has a surface temperature of about 9500K? 1) 40 Eridani B 3) Barnard’s Star 2) Rigel4) SiriusSlide19
The diagram represents the spectral lines from the light of an element in a laboratory on Earth.
Which diagram best represents the pattern of spectral lines from the same element when observed in the light of a distant galaxy?Slide20
The diagram represents a planet in orbit around a star.If the distance between the foci is 0.8 cm and the length from A to B is 17 cm, what is the eccentricity of orbit?E = .047Which planet in OUR solar system is similar in eccentricity?UranusSlide21
Compared to the terrestrial planets, the Jovian planets are(1) larger and less dense(2) smaller and more dense(3) closer to the Sun and less rocky
(4) farther from the Sun and more rockySlide22
The best evidence of Earth’s revolution is provided by the(1) shape of the planet(2) shape of the Milky Way galaxy(3) apparent changes in the direction of
swing of a Foucault pendulum
(4) apparent changes in visible starsSlide23
The constellation Pisces changes position during a night, as shown in the diagram.Which motion is mainly responsible for this change in position?(1) revolution of Earth around the Sun(2) rotation of Earth on its axis(3) revolution of Pisces around the Sun(4) rotation of Pisces on its axisSlide24
Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength? (3) yellow (2) green (4) red(1) violet Slide25Slide26
The diagram below shows the orbital paths of Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and a comet named Wild 2.What is the approximate distance between theSun and Wild 2 when this comet is closest to theSun?(1) 150 million kilometers(2) 228 million kilometers
(3) 778 million
kilometers
(4) 820 million kilometersSlide27
The diagram below represents the path of the Earth’s orbit around the sun compared to the path of the orbit of a comet around the sun.
Which statement concerning the diagram is probably true?
(1) A comet has a less eccentric orbit and a shorter period of
revolution than the Earth.
(2) A comet has a more eccentric orbit and a shorter period of revolution than the Earth.
(3) A comet has a less eccentric orbit and a longer period of revolution than the Earth.
(4) A comet has a more eccentric orbit and a longer period of revolution than the Earth. Slide28
Energy is transferred from the Sun to Earth mainly by(1) molecular collisions(2) density currents(3) electromagnetic waves(4) red shiftsSlide29
Which process produces the energy that allows the stars of the universe to radiate visible light?(1) convection (2) Insolation(3) nuclear fusion (4) radioactive decaySlide30
Which star color indicates the hottest star surface temperature? (1) blue (3) yellow (2) white (4) redSlide31
The diagram shows the orbit of planet D around the star Upsilon Andromedae. The first four planets of our solar system are for comparisonThe distance between the Star and the Second focus of Planet D’s orbit is 3.5 cm, and the length across the Line of major axis of orbits is 11 cm.What is the eccentricity of Planet D?
e = .318
How does the orbit of Planet D compare to the orbits of the planets shown in our solar system?
Planet D has a more elliptical/eccentric orbit
When will planet D move fastest in its orbit?
When it is closest to the starSlide32
f1f2
The diagram represents a moon in revolution /orbit around a planet.
Where will the planet be located?
At one of the foci.
P
State one fact about this moon at its current position
Gravity is weakest, orbit is slowest, distance is greatest, moon appears smallest, etc.Slide33
Which star color indicates an 8000K main sequence star? (1) blue (3) yellow (2) white (4) redSlide34
Which type of electromagnetic energy has the longest wavelength?(1) infrared radiation(2) radio wave radiation(3) ultraviolet radiation(4) x-ray radiationSlide35
The reason a solar day lasts over 4 minutes longer than the Earth’s actual rotation is(1) Earth revolves while it rotates(2) Clocks measure differently in different locations(3) Earth rotates at different speeds at different latitudes(4) A year lasts longer than a day like on MarsSlide36Slide37
Which diagram best represents the Sun’s apparent path as seen by an observer at 43.5° N latitude on December 21?Slide38
Which diagram best represents the Sun’s apparent path as seen by an observer at the Equator on March 22nd ?Slide39
State the numerical latitude at which the Sun is directly overhead at noon on December 21. Include the units and compass direction in your answer. 23.5o
SSlide40
State the number of daylight hours occurring north of the Arctic Circle on June 21. 24 hours!Slide41
Explain why the Sun’s direct rays are at different latitudes as Earth revolves around the Sun. Because Earth is always tilted the same way!Slide42
Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength? (3) yellow (2) green (4) violet(1) red Slide43
Which evidence best supports the theory thatthe universe was created by an explosion called the Big Bang?(1) impact craters found on Earth(2) cosmic background radiation(3) the different compositions of terrestrial and Jovian planets(4) the blue shift of light from distant galaxiesSlide44
The red shift of visible light waves that isobserved by astronomers on Earth is used to determine the(1) sizes of nearby galaxies(2) relative motions of distant galaxies(3) densities of the planets(4) rotation periods of the planetsSlide45
Which statement best compares the angles of insolation at noon on March 21 and June 21 in New York State?(1) The angle of insolation is 23.5o greater on the 21st day of March, making the sun more intense.(2) The intensity and angle of insolation are
approximately equal on March 21 and June 21.
(3) The angle of insolation is 23.5
o
greater on the 21
st
day of
June,
making the sun more intense.
(4) The
sun is more intense on
March
21 and
the angle
of
insolation is greatest on June 21.Slide46
The diagram represents a horizon in New York State. Four positions of sunrise: A, B, C, and D, on different days of the year are shownAt which position would sunrise occur on June 21? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) DAt which position would sunrise occur on March 21? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) DSlide47
Which location is the Equator? (3) Location C (2) Location B (4) None(1)
Location A Slide48
The map of the night sky represents the apparent locations of some of the constellations that are visible to an observer at approximately 40° N latitude at 9 p.m. in April. The point directly above the observer is labeled zenith.Which best illustrates the apparent path of Virgo over the next 4 hours?
Earth rotates, so all objects appear to move East to West!Slide49
In which sequence are items listed from leasttotal mass to greatest total mass?(1) solar system, Milky Way, universe(2) Milky Way, solar system, universe(3) universe, Milky Way, solar system(4) Milky Way, universe, solar systemSlide50
At which New York State location would an observer measure the highest altitude of Polaris?(1) New York City (3) Niagara Falls(2) Slide Mountain (4) PlattsburghSlide51
Very cold climates occur at Earth’s North and South Poles because the polar regions(1) are usually farthest from the Sun(2) absorb the greatest amount of insolation(3) receive the most hours of daylight(4) receive low-angle insolationSlide52
The diagram shows the apparent daily path of the Sun, as viewed by an observer at a certain latitude on three different days of the year.On which day was there the greatest insolation? (1) Dec. 21 (3) June 21 (2) March 21 (4) It was the same on all daysOn which day were shadows the longest? (1) Dec. 21 (3) June 21 (2) March 21 (4) It was the same on all daysSlide53
The diagram shows the apparent daily path of the Sun, as viewed by an observer at a certain latitude on three different days of the year.At which latitude were these apparent Sun paths most likely observed? (1) 0° (3) 43° N (2) 23.5° N (4) 66.5° NSlide54
The diagram shows the apparent daily path of the Sun, as viewed by an observer at a certain latitude on three different days of the year.Which apparent Sun path provides the observer with the greatest angles of insolation? (1) Dec 21 (3) June 21
(
2)
March 21
(
4)
They are all equalSlide55
The diagram shows the apparent daily path of the Sun, as viewed by an observer at a certain latitude on three different days of the year.Which path creates the greatest change in shadows for the observer? (1) Dec 21 (3) June 21
(
2)
March 21
(
4)
They are all equalSlide56
How about on March 21st
?Slide57Slide58
The diagram below shows a model of Earth’s orbit around the Sun. Letters A, B, C, and D represent Earth’s position at the beginning of each season.Which position of Earth represents the first day of summer in the NorthernHemisphere?CWhich position of Earth represents the day when Earth’s revolution is fastest?
A
How many Earth
rotations
equals one Earth
revolution
?
About 365Slide59
A student in New York State looked toward the eastern horizon to observe sunrise at three different times during the year. The student drew the following diagram that shows the positions of sunrise, A, B, and C, during this one-year period.Which list correctly pairs the location of sunrise to the day of the year?(1) A—June 21 (3) A—March 21 B—March 21 B—June 21 C—December 21 C—December 21(2) A—December 21 (4) A—June 21 B—March 21 B—December 21 C—June 21 C—March 21Slide60
During which month does the Sun appear to rise farthest north of due east for an observer in New York State? (1) December (3) June (2) January (4) JulySlide61
The diagram here represents the constellation Lyra.Which statement best explains why Lyra is visible to an observer in New York State at midnight in July but not visible at midnight in December?(1) Earth spins on its axis.(2) Earth orbits the Sun.(3)
Lyra
spins on its axis.
(4)
Lyra
orbits Earth.Slide62
If the average distance between Earth and theSun were doubled, what changes would occur inthe Sun’s gravitational pull on Earth and Earth’speriod of revolution?(1) Gravitational pull would decrease and period of revolution would increase.(2) Gravitational pull would decrease and period of revolution would decrease.
(3) Gravitational pull would increase and period
of
revolution would increase
.
(4) Gravitational pull would increase and period
of
revolution would decrease.Slide63
According to this March 23rd diagram, What is the Sun’s altitude at solar noon?(1) 23.5° (3) 48°(2) 42°
(
4) 90°
What is the Sun’s
expected altitude
at solar
noon on June 22
nd
?
(1) 23.5° (3)
71.5°
(2)
48°
(4)
88.5°
What is the
approximate latitude of the observer?
(1)
23.5° N (2
) 42°
N (3
) 48
° N (4
) 90
° N
+23.5°!Slide64
Which diagram represents the approximate location of the Sun at 9 a.m. on March 21?Slide65
The diagram shows the relative positions of Earth and Mars in their orbits on a particular date during the winter of 2007.Which diagram correctly shows the locations of Earth and Mars on the same date during the winter of 2008?Slide66
The diagram below shows the latitude and longitude lines on Earth. Points A and B are locations on Earth’s surface.If it is 4 a.m. at location A, what time is it at location B?
(1) 10
a.m.
(
3) 6 a.m
.
(2) 2 a.m.
(
4) 8 a.m.
60
o
longitude = 4 hours!Slide67
Which pair of shaded circles best represents the relative sizes of Earth and Venus when drawn to scale?Slide68
The diagram shows the position of the Sun, Moon, and Earth during a solar eclipse. The full shadow (umbra) and partial shadow (penumbra) are shown.Which diagram best represents the appearance of the Sun and the Moon to an observer located within the umbra of the Moon’s shadow on Earth’s surface?Slide69
A graph of tidal sea-level changes at a coastal city is shown below.The number of hours from one high tide to the next high tide is approximately(1) 4 h (2) 8 h (3) 12 h (4) 24 hSlide70
The diagram shows the position of the Earth during a single revolution around the sun as viewed from above the north pole. Letters A – H represent positions.Label (using the letters) the beginning of each northern hemisphere season.SUMMERWINTERAUTUMN
SPRINGSlide71
From which New York State location would Polaris be observed to have an altitude closest to 43° above the northern horizon?Binghamton (3) Watertown(2) Utica (4) New York CitySlide72
The diagram shows the altitude of the Sun at solar noon on March 21, as seen by an observer at 42° N latitude. Compared to the altitude of the Sun observed at solar noon on March 21, the altitude of the Sun observed at solar noon on June 21 will be(1) 15° higher in the sky (3) 42° higher in the sky (2) 23.5° higher in the sky 4) 48° higher in the skySlide73
The diagram below shows the Moon in different positions as it revolves around Earth, as observed from above the North Pole (NP).Which image correctly represents the Moon at position 8, as observed from Earth?Slide74
The diagram shows the orbit of planet D around the star Upsilon Andromedae. The dashed lines show where the paths of the first four planets of our solar system would be located if they were going around Upsilon Andromedae instead of the Sun. All distances are drawn to scale.On the diagram, the distance between the Star and the Second focus of Planet D’s orbit is 3.5 cm, and the length across the Line of major axis of orbits is 11 cm.What is the eccentricity of Planet D?
e = .318
How does the orbit of Planet D compare to the orbits of the planets shown in our solar system?
Planet D has a more elliptical/eccentric orbit
When will planet D move fastest in its orbit?
When it is closest to the starSlide75
The animation indicates a shadow growing to the east, because(1) the sun is rising in the east.(2) the Earth rotates the same way.(3) the sun is setting to the west.(4) the Mayan calendar ended last year!Slide76
The diagram below represents the greenhouse effect in which heat energy is trapped in Earth’s atmosphere.Which type of radiation from Earth is the long-wave radiation absorbed by greenhouse gases? (1) ultraviolet (3) infrared (2) visible light (
4) radio wavesSlide77
Which diagram best represents the view of Polaris to an observer located at the Earth’s Equator?Slide78Slide79
What is true about the March 21s Slide80Slide81
The diagram below shows four surfaces of equal area that absorb insolation. Which letter represents the surface that most likely absorbs the greatest amount of insolation? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) DWhich letter represents the surface that most likely reflects the greatest amount of insolation? (1) A (3) C (2) B Slide82
The theory that the universe is expanding issupported by the(1) blue shift of light from distant galaxies(2) red shift of light from distant galaxies(3) nuclear fusion occurring in the Sun(4) radioactive decay occurring in the SunSlide83
If an observer on Earth cannot view Polaris, the observer is located at the(1) equator (0°)(2) North Pole (90° N)(3) Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N)(4) Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° S)Slide84
1/08Slide85
6/09How will the moon appear to an observer on Earth when it is at location G? Slide86
6/09How will the moon appear to an observer on Earth when it is at location C? Slide87
6/09Which lunar phases will cause the lowest tides of the month on Earth (Neap Tides)? C & G (The quarters)Slide88
Which diagram best shows the noon Sun providing an observer with the greatest amount of insolation?Slide89Slide90
The diagram below shows the Moon orbiting Earth as viewed from space above the North Pole. The Moon is shown at eight different positions in its orbit.At which position is the Moon “full”?At which positions is the Moon a “quarter”?Slide91
Which graph best represents the general relationship between latitude and average surface temperature?Slide92
The diagram below shows the Moon orbiting Earth as viewed from space above the North Pole. The Moon is shown at eight different positions in its orbit.At which two positions of the Moon is an eclipse of the Sun or Moon possible? (1) 1 and 5 (3) 3 and 7 (2) 2 and 6 (4) 4 and 8Slide93
The diagram below indicates the amount of solar radiation that is reflected by equal areas of various materials on Earth’s surface.Which material absorbs the most solar radiation? (1) grassy field (3) sand (2) fresh snow (4) forestSlide94
The diagram shows the apparent daily path of the Sun, as viewed by an observer at a certain latitude on three different days of the year.On which day was there the greatest insolation? (1) Dec. 21 (3) June 21 (2) March 21 (4) It was the same on all daysOn which day were shadows the longest? (1) Dec. 21 (3) June 21 (2) March 21 (4) It was the same on all daysSlide95
Which diagram best shows the Sun’s apparent path, as seen by an observer on July 21 in New York State?Slide96
How many degrees does the Sun appear to move across the sky in four hours?(1) 60° (3) 15°(2) 45° (4) 4°4 x 15 = 60!Slide97
If this is NYS, which direction is North?NorthNoon sun isalways to the SOUTH, noon shadows are alwaysto the NORTH.Which circle for the SUMMER solstice represents the noon sun?Which circle for the SUMMER solstice represents the 10 AM sun?
10 AM
Is about 30
o
to the East of South—Earth rotates at
15
o
/ hour.
N
E
W
S
12 PMSlide98
The diagram below shows the Moon in different positions as it revolves around Earth, as observed from above the North Pole (NP).Which image correctly represents the Moon at position 1, as observed from Earth?Slide99
Diagram 1 shows the Moon in its orbit at four positions labeled A, B, C, and D. Diagram 2 shows a phase of the Moon as viewed from New York State.At which labeled Moon position would the phase of the Moon shown in diagram 2 be observed from New York State? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) DSlide100
The diagram shows a model of Earth’s orbitaround the Sun. Letters A, B, C, and D represent Earth’s position at the beginning of each season.In which orbital position would Earth be illuminated as shown? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) DViewedfrom above the North Pole.Slide101
Draw a line to represent the apparent path of the Sun from sunrise to sunset at Buffalo on May 21. On the path labeled March 21Indicate the location of the Sun at 3PMWith your sun at 3 PMon March 21, use a line to indicate the location
of the shadow of the
“Observer in Buffalo”.
On the same
sky model diagram
place a at the
apparent position
of the
North Star
as
seen from Buffalo.Slide102
Earth’s rate of rotation is approximately (1) 1° per day (3) 180° per day (2) 15° per day (4) 360° per dayEarth’s rate of revolution is approximately (1) 1° per day (3) 180° per day (2) 15° per day (4) 360° per daySlide103
The diagram represents an observer in New York. Three paths of the sun are shown. A, B, and C represent the noon position at three different times of the year.What is the date of Position B?March 21orSeptember 23
How can you tell?
Sunrise is due East and sunset is due West.Slide104
The diagram represents an observer in New York. Three paths of the sun are shown. A, B, and C represent the noon position at three different times of the year.Why does the summer position (A) not reach the zenith?New York is too far North of the Equator.Slide105
The diagram represents an observer in New York. Three paths of the sun are shown. A, B, and C represent the noon position at three different times of the year.Where is the sun ALWAYS located at noon?In the South.