globalcom MOTIVATION The advantage of using an electric vehicle over an internal combustion engine vehicle from a carbon footprint standpoint will be calculated The study will quantify the carbon footprint of electric vehicle charging through a direct renewable energy source and through the U ID: 572592
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Nissan-
global.com
MOTIVATION
The advantage of using an electric vehicle over an internal combustion engine vehicle from a carbon footprint standpoint will be calculated. The study will quantify the carbon footprint of electric vehicle charging through a direct renewable energy source and through the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) campus grid. The vehicles utilized in this study are the Nissan Sentra and the Nissan L.E.A.F. The endgoal is to provide a report with recommendations for thebest UCSD approach. OBJECTIVESTo quantify the carbon footprint of a vehicle through:(1) Charging the electric vehicle, the Nissan Leaf, by drawing energy from only the UC San Diego grid(2) Charging the Nissan Leaf from solar power only(3) The carbon footprint of the Nissan SentraCO2 CONTENT OF 3 CHARGING SCENARIOSThree equations were used for each corresponding objective.(1) UCSD grid for the Nissan LEAFThis equation represents AC-DC charging from the UCSD grid to the electric vehicle and accounts for the carbon emissions associated with the cogeneration plant, solar panels, and power from Noble Americas Energy Solutions.(2) Solar Power for the Nissan LEAFThis equation represents DC-DC charging from solar panels to electric vehicle and accounts for the carbon emissions associated with the solar panel production and the balance of systems. (3) For the Nissan Sentra:This equation represents the carbon emissions related to the production and fueling of an internal combustion engine vehicle.
CARBON FOOTPRINT FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGINGTeam E10: Joshua Almeida, KhristinaRae Hernandez, Brent Lee and Elizabeth ZhaoDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego
CARBON FOOTPRINT RESULTSUCSD grid total carbon emissions:85% cogeneration14% purchased energy from Noble Americas Energy Solutions,1% solar energy.Carbon footprint within campus grid:kg CO2e, over a 30 year period per vehicle :Eq. 1 and 2: one Nissan LEAF is charged AC-DC through the campus grid and DC-DC through solar panels.Eq. 3: one Nissan Sentra.CARBON CALCULATORAn interactive carbon calculator was designed on Microsoft Excel for the user to alter certain parameters of the three final equations (Methods section). Inputs from the solar, cogeneration plants, and Noble Americas emissions are separated into different tabs containing data pertinent to each section. The table to the top right is what the carbon calculator displayed to be the breakdown of the first 10 years of the three equations.
CONCLUSIONSDC solar charging is most efficient and associatedwith smallest carbon footprint AC-DC from the grid emits far more kilo- grams of carbon dioxideits carbon footprint is still considerably less than that of an internal combustion engine vehicle.FUTURE WORKFlexible Carbon Calculator can be applied to other problems.Update carbon calculator after UCSD’s installation of the 2.8 MW fuel cell.Quantify maximum number of vehicles that could be charged with solar.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Dave Weil, Director of Building Commissioning and Sustainable Operations
Michelle Perez,
Sustainability Analyst of Building Commissioning and Sustainable Operations
Anna Levitt, Sam Petersen, Kyocera Marketing
Representatives for providing essential data.
univeristyofcalifornia.edu
Photo/Erik
Jepsen
, UCSD
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