PPT-The quest for gravitational waves

European Gravitational Observatory EGO Raison dêtre origin structure amp future perspectives Federico Ferrini EGO Director Welcome to The Einstein Telescope Design Study Presentation. collapses. In . collaboration. . with. . Wen-Biao. Han, & Remo . Ruffini. . ICRANet. & . Physics. . Department. , . University. . of. . Rome. She-Sheng. . Xue. MG13, Stockholm, July 5. Albert Einstein predicted the existence of gravitational waves as ripples of space-time moving with the speed of light. They are caused when two massive objects, for example neutron stars, are orbiting closely around each other with an incredible speed. . In 1916, the year after the final formulation of the field equations of general relativity, Albert Einstein predicted the existence of gravitational waves. He found that the linearized weak-field equations had wave solutions: transverse waves of spatial strain that travel at the speed of light, generated by time variations of the mass quadrupole moment of the source [1,2]. Einstein understood that gravitational-wave amplitudes would be remarkably small; moreover, until the Chapel Hill conference in 1957 there was significant debate about the physical reality of gravitational waves [3] The Child of General Relativity. A Necessary Change. Concepts after Einstein :-. Time is not absolute. There is no ether frame. Notion of . spacetime. Concepts before Einstein :-. There is a preferred reference frame ether. some history. (based on D. . Kennefick’s. work). Historical tidbits. 1776: Laplace suggests four mechanisms that could explain secular perturbations of Moon-Earth orbit. One the explanations was a non-instantaneous propagation of gravity, affecting the binary system (abandoned because its speed would be too large to be measurable to explain the effect). . Sources and detection . Ravi . kumar. . Kopparapu. Center for Gravitational-Wave Physics (CGWP) . Gravity. Einstein’s General theory of relativity :. Gravity is a manifestation of curvature of 4- dimensional (3 space + 1 time) space-time produced by matter (metric equation ? g. (& Gravitons ?). -. Vishal. . Kasliwal. Classical Electromagnetism. Vacuum. Maxwell Field Equations. Light!!. Electromagnetic waves. Quantum Electromagnetism. Hamiltonian of Quantized. Field. where. A Brief Timeline of the . Discovery of Gravity. Aristotle. There . is . no effect or motion without a cause. . . The element of earth was thought to be heavy by nature and therefore pulled towards the centre of the (geocentric) universe.. Redshift. in Clusters of Galaxies. Marton Trencseni. Eotvos. University, Budapest. Gravitational . Redshift. Photon escapes from gravitational well. G. ains potential energy. Speed cannot decrease =). To help explain how two bodies that are not in contact can exert a force on one another (i.e. gravitational, magnetic or electrostatic) we use the concept of fields. .. Fields are spheres of influence. They are invisible and intangible; they simply demonstrate how strong a characteristic is at a certain distance.. Overview of Why and How. Dan Burbank and Tony Young. AST5022. Introduction. Background. Physics. Sources. Detectors and Detector Implications. Questions. Gravitational Waves . Speed-of-light wave propagation solution of Einstein’s Field Equations. Dennis Stewart. November. Smu. Modern Physics. 1. Outline for this talk. Einstein . Einsteins Contribution. Joseph Weber. LIGO. The Machine and How it works. The Chrip. Conclusion. 2. Albert Einstein. Gravitational Waves: On the Brink of a New Astronomy. Tiffany Summerscales, Dept. of Physics. What are gravitational waves?. Einstein’s theory of General Relativity predicts that mass curves the fabric of . gravitational. . waves. by. Laser-plasma . interaction. . Hedvika . Kadlecová. . a. , . S. Weber . a. , G. Korn. a . a. . Institute of Physics, v.v.i. ASCR, Na Slovance 1999, Prague, Czech Republic;.