Taxonomy The science of classification It is concerned with pricnciples of classification Classification Grouping of organisms into classesordersfamiliesgenera species etc Nomenclature ID: 1037929
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1. TAXONOMY AND NOMENCLATURE OF FUNGITaxonomy : The science of classification. It is concerned with pricnciples of classification.Classification: Grouping of organisms into classes,orders,families,genera, species etc.Nomenclature : Art of naming living organisms.Some important rules of nomenclature :1.According to International code of Botanical Nomenclature, the names of organisms should be binomial. Eg. Puccinia graminis.2.Binomials are usually derived from Greek or Latin.3.Binomials when hand written should be underlined and when printed italicised.Eg.. Puccinia graminis ( hand written)Puccinia graminis ( printed)4. Citation of authors name: The full name or abbrevation name of scientist who described fungus first, follows the species name.Eg. Puccinia graminis Persoon or Pers.
2. 5. Citation of two authors names: If name of species is transferred to another genus from original ( Botrytis infestans ), the name of first author who first described species must be kept in parenthesis followed by name of second author . Eg. Phytophthora infestans ( Mont.) de Bary.6. The taxa ( groups) used in classification are Kingdom, Division, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species.7. Species is the unit of classification or basic taxonomic category ( taxon).8. Species some times broken into variety / formae speciales ( f.sp.) and varieties into races and races into biotypes.Standard endings of TAXA:Division ends with mycotaSub- Division ends with mycotinaClass with mycetesSub- class with mycetidaeOrder with alesFamily with aceae
3. KEY TO IDENTIFICATION OFIMPORTANT CHARACTERISTIS OF DIVISIONS AND SUB-DIVISIONS DIVISIONS :1. MYXOMYCOTA: Plasmodial forms with out cell wall. Plasmodium is a naked multinucleate mass of prAlso called slime molds.2. EUMYCOTA: True fungi. Thallus is typically filamentous with cell wall. Plasmodium absent.SUB DIVISIONS OF EUMYCOTA :1. MASTIGOMYCOTINA :Thallus is unicellular . Asexual spores are zoospores (motile spores).Sexual spores are oospores. Sexual reproduction by gametangial contact.2. ZYGOMYCOTINA :Thallus is aseptate mycelium. Motile spores are absent. Asexual spores are sporangiospores (aplanospores).Sexual spores are zygospores.Sexual reproduction through gametangial copulation.
4. 3. ASCOMYCOTINA :Thallus is septate mycelium. Rarely unicellular. Motile spores are absent. Asexual spores are conidia.Sexual spores are ascospores produced endogenously in an ascus.Sexual reproduction mainly by gametangial contact .4. BASIDIOMYCOTINA:Thallus is septate mycelium.Motile spores are absent.Clamp connections and dolipore septum are present.Sexual spores are basidiospores produced exogenously on basidium.Sexual reproduction is by spermatization and somatogamy.5. DEUTEROMYCOTINA:Thallus: septate mycelium . Motile spores are absent. Sexual spores are absent. Asexual spores /conidia are present.