PDF-(DOWNLOAD)-The Lobotomy Letters: The Making of American Psychosurgery (Rochester Studies

The rise and widespread acceptance of psychosurgery constitutes one of the most troubling chapters in the history of modern medicine By the late 1950s tens of thousands of Americans had been lobotomized as treatment for a host of psychiatric disorders Though the procedure would later be decried as devastating and grossly unscientific many patients families and physicians reported veritable improvement from the surgery some patients were even considered curedThe Lobotomy Letters gives an account of why this controversial procedure was sanctioned by psychiatrists and doctors of modern medicine Drawing from original correspondence penned by lobotomy patients andtheir families as well as from the professional papers of lobotomy pioneer and neurologist Walter Freeman the volume reconstructs how physicians patients and their families viewed lobotomy and analyzes the reasons for its overwhelming useMical Raz MDPhD is a physician and historian of medicine. "The Return of Lobotomy and Psycho By: Jake . Jutras. , Cameron Armstrong, Matt Nevi. What is Lobotomy. Lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the nerve pathways in a lobe or lobes of the brain are severed from those in other areas. . Sciences Humaines et Sciences Sociales . aux Etats-Unis. Tristan Cabello, PhD. Director of American Studies. American University. Washington, DC. cabello@american.edu. C.V.. 1998-2000 CPGE, GDLT, Metz.. Why become a teacher?. Most social studies students do not intend to be professional historians, but rather to gain employment in the teaching profession and various other related fields. .  . Students use their knowledge, skills, and communication abilities as a stepping-stone to a variety of careers. This is especially true in business, government, journalism, law, and public education. Others range from research positions in business and public agencies, to archival, curatorial, and social work. Thus there are very few careers for which social studies does not provide essential preparation. . By: . Lynelle. . Tremelling. William Williams Keen. Walter’s Grandfather. Brown University. Jefferson College. Served in the Civil War in the US Army as a surgeon. Performed the first brain operation to remove a . By: . Lynelle. . Tremelling. William Williams Keen. Walter’s Grandfather. Brown University. Jefferson College. Served in the Civil War in the US Army as a surgeon. Performed the first brain operation to remove a . Department of American Culture 3 700 Haven Hall, 505 S. State St. University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 Cell: (734) 417 - 4637 ; tiya@umich.edu Academic Positions University Professor M ary H U S DEPARTMENT OFHEALTH EDUCATION& WELFAREOFFICE OF EOUCATIONTHIS DOCUMENT HASBEEN REPRODUCEDEXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROMTHE PERSON ORORGANIZATION ORIGINATINGIT POINTS OFVIEW OR OPINIONSSTATED DO NOT NECE How did the industrialized nations of North America and Europe come to be seen as the appropriate models for post-World War II societies in Asia, Africa, and Latin America? How did the postwar discourse on development actually create the so-called Third World? And what will happen when development ideology collapses? To answer these questions, Arturo Escobar shows how development policies became mechanisms of control that were just as pervasive and effective as their colonial counterparts. The development apparatus generated categories powerful enough to shape the thinking even of its occasional critics while poverty and hunger became widespread. “Development” was not even partially “deconstructed” until the 1980s, when new tools for analyzing the representation of social reality were applied to specific “Third World” cases. Here Escobar deploys these new techniques in a provocative analysis of development discourse and practice in general, concluding with a discussion of alternative visions for a postdevelopment era.Escobar emphasizes the role of economists in development discourse?—?his case study of Colombia demonstrates that the economization of food resulted in ambitious plans, and more hunger. To depict the production of knowledge and power in other development fields, the author shows how peasants, women, and nature became objects of knowledge and targets of power under the “gaze of experts.”In a substantial new introduction, Escobar reviews debates on globalization and postdevelopment since the book’s original publication in 1995 and argues that the concept of postdevelopment needs to be redefined to meet today’s significantly new conditions. He then calls for the development of a field of “pluriversal studies,” which he illustrates with examples from recent Latin American movements. On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong took \'one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.\' The success of the Apollo 11 mission satisfied the goal that had been set by President John F. Kennedy just over eight years earlier. It also raised the question \'What do you do next, after landing on the Moon?\' It fell to President Richard M. Nixon to answer this question. After Apollo? Richard Nixon and the American Space Program traces in detail how Nixon and his associates went about developing their response. To solve their design problems, engineers draw on a vast body of knowledge about how things work. Examining previously unstudied historical cases, this author shows how engineering knowledge is obtained and presents a model to help explain the growth of such knowledge. In this book Robert Crunden puts the “jazz” back in Jazz Age. Jazz was America’s greatest contribution to the Modernist movement, yet it is much overlooked. When we hear the term “Jazz Age,” we conjure the ghosts of Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and Eliot, not of Jelly Roll Morton, Louis Armstrong, Ethel Waters, George Gershwin, and Duke Ellington. To correct this imbalance, Crunden re-introduces us to these musical luminaries who gave the era its name, while tracing the early history of jazz from New Orleans to Chicago to New York.While Crunden emphasizes music over literature and the visual arts, he never fails to trace the complex cross-currents of literature that passed between jazz musicians and their “Lost Generation” peers, a veritable pageant of the glittering personalities of the day—James Joyce, Alfred Stieglitz, Georgia O’Keeffe, Paul Strand, John Dos Passos, Langston Hughes, Gertrude Stein. The rise and fall of the Islamic scientific tradition, and the relationship of Islamic science to European science during the Renaissance.The Islamic scientific tradition has been described many times in accounts of Islamic civilization and general histories of science, with most authors tracing its beginnings to the appropriation of ideas from other ancient civilizations--the Greeks in particular. In this thought-provoking and original book, George Saliba argues that, contrary to the generally accepted view, the foundations of Islamic scientific thought were laid well before Greek sources were formally translated into Arabic in the ninth century. Drawing on an account by the tenth-century intellectual historian Ibn al-Naidm that is ignored by most modern scholars, Saliba suggests that early translations from mainly Persian and Greek sources outlining elementary scientific ideas for the use of government departments were the impetus for the development of the Islamic scientific tradition. He argues further that there was an organic relationship between the Islamic scientific thought that developed in the later centuries and the science that came into being in Europe during the Renaissance.Saliba outlines the conventional accounts of Islamic science, then discusses their shortcomings and proposes an alternate narrative. Using astronomy as a template for tracing the progress of science in Islamic civilization, Saliba demonstrates the originality of Islamic scientific thought. He details the innovations (including new mathematical tools) made by the Islamic astronomers from the thirteenth to sixteenth centuries, and offers evidence that Copernicus could have known of and drawn on their work. Rather than viewing the rise and fall of Islamic science from the often-narrated perspectives of politics and religion, Saliba focuses on the scientific production itself and the complex social, economic, and intellectual conditions that made it possible. The rise and fall of the Islamic scientific tradition, and the relationship of Islamic science to European science during the Renaissance.The Islamic scientific tradition has been described many times in accounts of Islamic civilization and general histories of science, with most authors tracing its beginnings to the appropriation of ideas from other ancient civilizations--the Greeks in particular. In this thought-provoking and original book, George Saliba argues that, contrary to the generally accepted view, the foundations of Islamic scientific thought were laid well before Greek sources were formally translated into Arabic in the ninth century. Drawing on an account by the tenth-century intellectual historian Ibn al-Naidm that is ignored by most modern scholars, Saliba suggests that early translations from mainly Persian and Greek sources outlining elementary scientific ideas for the use of government departments were the impetus for the development of the Islamic scientific tradition. He argues further that there was an organic relationship between the Islamic scientific thought that developed in the later centuries and the science that came into being in Europe during the Renaissance.Saliba outlines the conventional accounts of Islamic science, then discusses their shortcomings and proposes an alternate narrative. Using astronomy as a template for tracing the progress of science in Islamic civilization, Saliba demonstrates the originality of Islamic scientific thought. He details the innovations (including new mathematical tools) made by the Islamic astronomers from the thirteenth to sixteenth centuries, and offers evidence that Copernicus could have known of and drawn on their work. Rather than viewing the rise and fall of Islamic science from the often-narrated perspectives of politics and religion, Saliba focuses on the scientific production itself and the complex social, economic, and intellectual conditions that made it possible.