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TRAINING FOR RESILIENT FUNCTIONING BRINGS SUCCESS IN SAFETY TRAINING FOR RESILIENT FUNCTIONING BRINGS SUCCESS IN SAFETY

TRAINING FOR RESILIENT FUNCTIONING BRINGS SUCCESS IN SAFETY - PowerPoint Presentation

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TRAINING FOR RESILIENT FUNCTIONING BRINGS SUCCESS IN SAFETY - PPT Presentation

HYDROCARBON EXTRACTION OFFSHORE SECTOR AMITABH SINGH amp MAROOF SHEIKH CHIEF MANAGER FIRE SERVICES 2 Introduction Asia is the most disaster prone continent 90 of all natural disasters ID: 815490

oil fire training amp fire oil amp training emergency platform blowout gas explosion offshore installation loss risk helicopter process

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Slide1

TRAINING FOR RESILIENT FUNCTIONING BRINGS SUCCESS IN SAFETYHYDROCARBON EXTRACTION- OFFSHORE SECTOR

AMITABH SINGH

& MAROOF SHEIKH

CHIEF MANAGER (FIRE SERVICES)

Slide2

2

Introduction

Asia is the most disaster prone continent

90% of all natural disasters

50% of all major disasters

Affects economies, lives, fabric of human society

Sheer scale and complexity of natural disasters in recent times

Many countries struggling to recover

India is one of the most disaster prone countries in the world

Its location and geographical features render it vulnerable to a number of natural hazards including cyclone, drought, floods, earthquake, fire, landslides and avalanches

Similarly the oil & gas industries are highly potential to industrial disaster particularly the Offshore installations

Slide3

D1 Field

BSE Field

Tapti Field

B55 Field

Bassein

Field

Mumbai High N & S Field

Overview ONGC Western Offshore

N & H Field

Slide4

Possible Disaster in offshore

4

A.

Natural disasters

Earthquake

Tsunami

Tropical Cyclone

Slide5

RISK

Slide6

6

RISK & CRISIS SCENARIO

BLOWOUT

FIRE

OIL SPILL (OIL PIPELINE LEAKAGES/ RUPTURE/ LEAKAGES FROM TANKER)

GAS PIPE LINE LEAKAGE

EXPLOSION

Slide7

7

RISK & CRISIS SCENARIO

MAN OVERBOARD (SEARCH & RESCUE)

RELEASE SOUR GAS ON INSTALLATIONS

HELICOPTER CRASH

ACCIDENT

INVOLVING OSV’S, SHIP

ETC.

(COLLISION/GROUNDING/CAPSIZING)

Slide8

Slide9

Blowout is a sudden violent escape of gas, oil or both and(some time water) from a drilling well, when high pressure zone is encounter and could not be balance by mud. The blowout may be with or without fire. The blowout having gas release accompany with sour gas are more dangerous to handle.

The personnel working their are exposed to risk of burns, poisoning, asphyxia and other harm to human life. The risk of blowout is more serious if it take place in sour field.

If the blowout is with fire, the heat will destroy the derrick structure and associate equipment of a rig. The radio room may go out of action.

Helideck may become unfit for operation of helicopter.

BLOWOUT

9

Slide10

The heat intensity will make the surrounding unfit for tolerance of human. Personnel working their, will have no choice but to escape through life boat . Jumping into the sea is risky. But if no other mean’s is available, this is the only option.

If the blowout is without fire than escape gases will effect the visibility

upto

one km depending upon the intensity of discharge and weather condition. Approach to the effected installation by helicopter and vessels will become very difficult. If the oil is also coming out the blowout will result in major oil spill and consequent marine pollution. This will result in two emergencies one the blowout itself and another due to oil spills. The memory of Gulf oil spill is still fresh in our mind.

BLOWOUT

10

Slide11

Fire risk constitute the major component of hazard in offshore oil extraction operation. The memories of piper alpha incident in 1988, in which 166 person died & BHN in 2005 is still alive. The installation at offshore are so compact, because extra space is a luxury, which no one can afford. But this compactness of equipment etc. on offshore installation constitute favorable condition for the spread of fire. The risk of fire following a blowout has already discussed above. The blowout with fire would destroy the whole rig. The blowout case we discussed above, was mainly for fire at drilling rig which carry out exploratory well Drilling.

In case of a blowout at a development well or during

workover

operations, the adjoining wells on the platform will also be threaten by the fire. Then any fire during

workover

operation may also extend to connected process platform.

FIRE

11

Slide12

Now the process platform are a complex of four to five big process platform, which consist of power generation, well head platform, operation process platform living quarter platform etc. These days the living quarters platform are constructed and kept at a safe location from other process platform, so that effect of fire/explosion should not reach the living quarter even it happen, sufficient time is available for escape. All these platform are having inter connected bridges which facilitate the movement of

personnels

.

FIRE Process platform complex

12

Slide13

AT SBM : At a distance of 1500 to 2000 Mt. from process platform SBM facilities are provided for direct loading of oil on tankers. Oil tankers moored at SBM have a capacity to carry more than one lakh

tones. There are also termed as super tanker. During filling operation of any explosion inside the tank occurs, it may cause the fire and oil spill. Oil spill on surface of water may also get ignited and can threaten the process platform.

Tanker on Voyage:- The risk of fire on a tanker on voyage is less, compared to the risk during loading. However during collision with any other vessel/structure may cause the emergency such as fire, oil spills etc.

FIRE OIL TANKER

13

Slide14

DRILLING RIG WITH JACK UP LEG.DRILLING RIG FLOATERUNMANNED WELL PLATFORM

FPSO: FLOATER PRODUCTION STORAGE & OFFLOAD

OIL & GAS: TRUNK LINE/ WELL HEAD LINES ETC

OTHERS

14

Slide15

Natural resources

Blowouts drains the hydrocarbon from the reservoir

Quantity of drains depends on durations of blowout, the flow area & reservoir pressures

Case hole well blowout for longer periods than open hole blowouts

Slide16

Control expenditure:

Hiring of equipments

Hiring of experts

Compensation to public

Logistic expenditure

Relief camp & evacuation expenditure

Slide17

Organizational impacts

Damage of costlier equipment

Loss of man-hours

Huge amount of control expenditure

Loss of image /reputation of company

Effect on future business

Distortion of good will in the public

Collapse of share value

Loss of morale

Slide18

Public hazards:

Damage to human life & live stock cannot be overruled

Release of toxic gases like H2S, which is serious threat to human life

Possibility of tragedy in the minds of those associated with well control operations cannot be overruled

Slide19

Pollution

Pollution due to oil spills & oil well blowout is very serious like in Gulf of Mexico

Noise pollution is predominant in case of gas well blowout

Rise in temperature of local area

Damage of vegetation

Release of unburned gases like carbon monoxide & H2S are most significant

Oil fire like Kuwait oil fires of about 700 wells at a time may cause considerable damage to the environment in the form of global warming

Slide20

PLATFORM ON FIRE

20

Slide21

SHIP FIRE

21

Slide22

PROCESS PLATFORM

22

Slide23

FPSO

23

Slide24

DRILLING RIG

24

Slide25

JACK UP RIG

Slide26

DRILL SHIP

Slide27

DRILL SHIP

Slide28

The critical factor to assess the risk in case of gas leakage is the place where the leak occurs, size of leakage and pressure. If the leak is in subsea pipeline the risk of Fire & Explosion is eliminated. However if it takes place at process platform, it may be get dispersed by strong wind or if it is accumulated in confined spaces and get ignited, it may cause

vapour

cloud explosion or jet fire if the pressure of the line is high, which is normally the case. This explosion and jet fire can start cascading effect.

Gas pipeline leakage.

28

Slide29

In offshore installation, particularly peocess platforms, where gas is handled, present an explosion hazard. This include unconfined

vapour

cloud explosion, due to a gas leak. The prolonged fire may heat and vessels, equipment etc., which may subsequently lead to explosion.

Explosion

29

Slide30

Man overboard This problem arise in offshore many time, when a person falls accidentally or other wise into the water. Because of falling from a height, a person went into the state of shock, which result in delay stimulus and response. If the sea is rough, it is almost impossible for the casualty to control himself. Such situation trigger the requirement of search and rescue operation. This may also happen, when an installation is abandoned in panic.

Man overboard

30

Slide31

In the event of scenario like the leaks of sour gas(Natural gas contaminated with Hydrogen Sulphide), immediate danger to life and health occur. Immediate requirement is the respiratory protection to all the person onboard the installation. Any attempt to arrest the leaks, should be taken by providing suitable type of respiratory protection to the person, trying to arrest the leak.

Release of sour Gas

31

Slide32

likely emergency situation. 

Helicopter crash on the deck of the installation. This situation not only pose the threat to the passenger & Helicopter but also it poses a threat to the installation. because helicopter crash on the deck may trigger fire and explosion on the platform.

Helicopter crash at sea:- This situation will have the following scenario.

a) The helicopter has safely landed on water, the occupant has come out safely in the survival craft.

b) The helicopter has crash landed on water and the occupant has jumped in the sea, wearing life jackets. In such cases massive search and rescue operation is to be undertaken involving fast rescue craft.

Helicopter Crash

32

Slide33

(MSV’s & OSV’s)(Collision/Grounding/Capsizing). The collision of OSV’s , MSV’s with each other or with the installation may take place due to poor visibility in accurate steering, loss of control on machinery/steering etc. The main impact is on the collided structure and the vessels itself. The collision could also result in capsizing of vessels, structure. This may also lead to fire/explosion

Emergencies involving supply vessels

33

Slide34

HELICOPTERLIFE BOATLIFE RAFT

ESCAPE & EVACUATION

34

Slide35

LIFE JACKETLIFE BUOYSCBA SETESCAPE ROPE LADDER

SCRAMBLE NET

JUMPING ROPE

ESCAPE MASKLIFE SAVING APPLIANCES

35

Slide36

FIRE & GAS DETECTIONCLEAN AGENT BASED FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM.FIRE WATER NETWORK SUPPORTED BY AUTO OPERATED FIRE PUMP.

DELUGE SYSTEM.

FOAM WATER HOSE REEL.

MONITORSSPRINKLERSDCP SKIDSPORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS ETC.

FIRE FIGHTING FACILITY

36

Slide37

FIRE FIGHTING BOATOFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELMULTISUPPORT VESSET

FIRE FIGHTING FACILITY EXTERNAL

37

Slide38

FIRE FIGHTING SUPPORT

38

Slide39

OBJECTIVE: PROVIDE ALL EMPLOYEE UNDERSTANDING, ATTITUDES AND KNOWLEDGE OF DIFFERENT SAFETY SUBJECT. COVERING THE FOLLOWING.

Preventive measure for accident and incidents.

Individual

Behaviour in acute situation.Use of Personal Protective Equipment.Legislation

Contingency Planning.

SAFETY TRAINING

39

Slide40

Preventive: Does not require any special infrastructure. Safety is to be inculcate as on the job function. Knowledge of condition leads to accident, engineering control, SOP etc.

Mitigation: Will require certain minimum infrastructure to trained personnel in the use of various type of equipments and system under different condition.

Type of training

40

Slide41

HOW TO PROTECT THEMSELVES DURING TRANSIT TO OFFSHORE INSTALLATION.BASIC WORKING KNOWLEDGE OF LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES FOR CORRECT & PROPMT RESPONSE.

USE OF FIRST AID FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT.

PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED IN CASE OF ABONDONMENT.

SAFETY TRAINING NEEDS TO ALL

41

Slide42

SPECIALISED TRAINING FOR KEY PERSONNEL FOR DEDICATED ROLE IN CRISIS AND NORMAL CONDITION.Member of Emergency Management Team

Member of E R C T

SAFETY TRAINING

42

Slide43

FIRE FIGHTINGFIRST AIDSURVIVAL AT SEA

HUET: HELICOPTER UNDERWATER ESCAPE TRAINING

PROCEDURE FOR COMMUNICATION OF EMERGENCY & FAMILIRISATION WITH VARIOUS TYPE OF ALARM.

BASIC SAFETY TRAININGS FOR ALL

43

Slide44

HUET TRAINING SIMULTOR

44

Slide45

HUET TRAINING

45

Slide46

KNOWLEDGE OF STATUTORY REQUIREMENT.KNOWLEDGE OF DESIGN & OPERATION CODES / STANDARD TO ENSURE QUALITY.

SKILL OF MANAGING EMERGENCY.

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS.

SPECIALISED TRAINING OIM

46

Slide47

OTHER SPECIALISED TRAINING

SPECIALISED FIRE FIGHTING TO ALL FIRE TEAM MEMBER.

COXWAIN TRAINING FOR OPERATING LIFE BOAT TO DESIGNATED BOAT CAPTAIN.

TRAINING ON HELICOPTER LANDING OPERATION TO DESIGNATED PERSONNEL.HANDLING TOXIC GAS LEAKS.BLOWOUT PREVENTION & WELL CONTROL

SUB SEA OIL & GAS LEAKS HANDLING.

47

Slide48

Training Controlling Emergency for OIM

The events on which the candidate is judged include the

following at least once in any series of emergency scenarios:

 Evacuation Abandonment of installation/rig Injured personnel

 Missing personnel or man overboard

 Loss of communication

 Loss of evacuation and muster points

 Stressed Personnel (individual ineffectiveness or mass panic) Extreme weather conditions Loss of essential facilities Loss of key personnel Rapidly developing situation leading to information overload

 Loss of mooring (where appropriate)48

Slide49

Training -- OERTM

To successfully complete this training, delegates must be able to:-

(1) Define the role and explain the key responsibilities of the Emergency Response Team Member.

(2) Explain the purpose of offshore emergency response arrangements(3) Explain the purpose of offshore emergency response procedures.

(4) Identify hazards and risk mitigation associated with typical offshore fire and non-fire incidents.

(5) Explain the purpose of fixed fire systems offshore.

(6) Understand the performance capability and limitations of typical fixed systems offshore.

49

Slide50

Training -- OERTM

---cont

(7) Identify the emergency response PPE requirements for the OERTM.

(8) Under directions from the OERTL: approach the incident area in a controlled manner – continually assessing how the changes in the emergency could impact on the safety of other OER team members.(9) Communicate effectively with the OERTL and team members

(10) Respond appropriately to OERTL direction in emergencies

(11) Use safe working practices and site-specific procedures

(12) Select and use portable fire fighting equipment.

50

Slide51

Training -- OERTM

---cont

(13) Select, operate and flush foam firefighting equipment.

(14) Extinguish a fire and secure an area.(15) Conduct breathing apparatus operations in accordance with OERTL directions and safe practices.(16) Conduct effective search and rescue for missing persons and casualties during the emergency

(17) Demonstrate correct casualty handling and recovery techniques.

51

Slide52

Training Infrastructure

52

ONGC Academy

Regional Training Institute

Institute of Petroleum Safety Health & Environment Management.

Awareness training at Work Center

Special Training

Programme for Contractual worker.

Slide53

THREE TIER SYSTEMERP- AT INSTALLATION LEVELRCP: REGIONAL LEVEL

CDMP: AT NATIONAL LEVEL.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

53

Slide54

PURPOSEThis Emergency Response Plan is applicable when the Offshore Installation is conducting normal operations.

It details the following

 The emergency response

organisation in the installation The roles and responsibilities of all personnel in an emergency The specific actions to be taken during all reasonably foreseeable emergency situations

 The generic actions to be taken by the individual members of the Emergency Control

Team

SCOPE

This Emergency Response Plan applies to incidents that threaten the safety of any personnel on theFulfils the following Addresses the major hazards identified in the HAZOP Report

 Takes account of Performance Standards to assist in the decision-making process duringan emergency Intends to comply with all relevant legislation Is intended for use in during training, exercises and during an actual emergency Interfaces with the Regional Contingency Plan

EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN54

Slide55

Purpose of the Regional Contingency Plan The purpose of RCP is to outline procedures for co-ordinated

joint action, should a major emergency occur during peacetime, involving installations of the Exploration & Production (E&P) member operators off the Western Coast of India within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). This is with a view to

minimise

loss of life, damage to property and environment and ensure continued production of oil and gas.Indian Navy/ Coast Guard/ ONGC/ Port Trust etc are joint operator for this plan with overall command with Navy.

Regional contingency plan

55

Slide56

To handle any emergency situation which call for International level Intervention / resource mobilisation.

Corporate Disaster Management Plan

56

Slide57

Energy industrial disasters

April 26, 1986:

At the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the Ukraine , 31 people died and hundreds more injured

May 5, 1988:

Norco ,Louisiana Shell Oil refinery explosion after hydrocarbon gas escaped from a corroded pipe in a catalytic cracker and was ignited. Louisiana state police evacuated 2,800 residents from nearby neighbourhoods. Seven workers were killed and 42 injured. The total cost arising from the Norco blast is estimated at US$ 706 million.

July 6, 1988: Piper Alpha disaster

:- An explosion and resulting fire on a North Sea oil production platform kills 167 men. Total insured loss is about US$ 3.4 billion. To date it is rated as the world's worst offshore oil disaster in terms both of lives lost and impact to industry.

March 23, 2005:

Texas City refinery explosion. An explosion occurred at a British petroleum refinery. It was the third largest refinery in the United States and one of the largest in the world, processing 433,000 barrels of crude oil per day and accounting for 3% of that nation's gasoline supply. Over 100 were injured, and 15 were confirmed dead, including employees of the Fluor Corporation as well as BP.

Slide58

Contd…

July 26 ,2005 BHN platform of ONGC hit by Multi supply Vessel Samudra surakha , causes

huze

explosion and Fire .Platform submerged in sea with in 50 minutes .24 ONGC employees died with loss of 1300 crore

December 11, 2005:

Hertfordshire oil storage terminal fire. A series of explosions at the Buncefield oil storage depot, described as the largest peacetime explosion in Europe, devastated the terminal and many surrounding properties. There were no fatalities. Total damages have been forecast as £750 million

April 20, 2010:

Deep water Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico. 11 workers died in the worst oil drilling disaster in the waters off the coast of the United States

58

Slide59

Every organization has its own unique identity

If we can encourage diversity….

Disaster Management in ONGC

Slide60

….

true unity can prevail!

Slide61

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